Cu-Doped Fe@Fe2O3 core–shell nanoparticle shifted oxygen reduction pathway for high-efficiency arsenic removal in smelting wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1595-1607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haopeng Feng ◽  
Lin Tang ◽  
Jing Tang ◽  
Guangming Zeng ◽  
Haoran Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Smelting Wastewater

Studies on the removal of As(iii) by Fe-based materials have been carried out for decades, but the time-consuming process and low removal capacity are obstacles for large-scale practical applications.

scholarly journals Methanol-Tolerant M–N–C Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reactions in Acidic Media and Their Application in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelo Lo Vecchio ◽  
David Sebastián ◽  
María Lázaro ◽  
Antonino Aricò ◽  
Vincenzo Baglio
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells

Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are emerging technologies for the electrochemical conversion of the chemical energy of a fuel (methanol) directly into electrical energy, with a low environmental impact and high efficiency. Yet, before this technology can reach a large-scale diffusion, specific issues must be solved, in particular, the high cost of the cell components. In a direct methanol fuel cell system, high capital costs are mainly derived from the use of noble metal catalysts; therefore, the development of low-cost electro-catalysts, satisfying the target requirements of high performance and durability, represents an important challenge. The research is currently addressed to the development of metal–nitrogen–carbon (M–N–C) materials as cheap and sustainable catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in an acid environment, for application in polymer electrolyte fuel cells fueled by hydrogen or alcohol. In particular, this mini-review summarizes the recent advancements achieved in DMFCs using M–N–C catalysts. The presented analysis is restricted to M–N–C catalysts mounted at the cathode of a DMFC or investigated in rotating disk electrode (RDE) configuration for the ORR in the presence of methanol in order to study alcohol tolerance. The main synthetic routes and characteristics of the catalysts are also presented.

Core/shell Ag@silicate nanoplatelets and poly(vinyl alcohol) spherical nanohybrids fabricated by coaxial electrospraying as highly sensitive SERS substrates

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (71) ◽  
pp. 67204-67211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Wei Chiu ◽  
Po-Hsien Lin
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Sers Substrate ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Coaxial Electrospray

A novel flexible, freestanding, large-scale, and disposable SERS substrate of core/shell Ag@silicate and poly(vinyl alcohol) spherical nanohybrids, fabricated by coaxial electrospray, allows for the high-efficiency detection of adenine from DNA.

scholarly journals High-efficiency broadband achromatic metalens for near-IR biological imaging window

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujie Wang ◽  
Qinmiao Chen ◽  
Wenhong Yang ◽  
Ziheng Ji ◽  
Limin Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Numerical Aperture ◽  
Biological Imaging ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Polarization Insensitive

AbstractOver the past years, broadband achromatic metalenses have been intensively studied due to their great potential for applications in consumer and industry products. Even though significant progress has been made, the efficiency of technologically relevant silicon metalenses is limited by the intrinsic material loss above the bandgap. In turn, the recently proposed achromatic metalens utilizing transparent, high-index materials such as titanium dioxide has been restricted by the small thickness and showed relatively low focusing efficiency at longer wavelengths. Consequently, metalens-based optical imaging in the biological transparency window has so far been severely limited. Herein, we experimentally demonstrate a polarization-insensitive, broadband titanium dioxide achromatic metalens for applications in the near-infrared biological imaging. A large-scale fabrication technology has been developed to produce titanium dioxide nanopillars with record-high aspect ratios featuring pillar heights of 1.5 µm and ~90° vertical sidewalls. The demonstrated metalens exhibits dramatically increased group delay range, and the spectral range of achromatism is substantially extended to the wavelength range of 650–1000 nm with an average efficiency of 77.1%–88.5% and a numerical aperture of 0.24–0.1. This research paves a solid step towards practical applications of flat photonics.

Concave octahedral Pd@PdPt electrocatalysts integrating core–shell, alloy and concave structures for high-efficiency oxygen reduction and hydrogen evolution reactions

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (42) ◽  
pp. 16690-16697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Suli Liu ◽  
Zhiwen Che ◽  
Shuchen Zhao ◽  
Xuexi Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Structural Types ◽  
Hydrogen Evolution Reactions

A unique Pd@PdPt electrocatalyst that integrates three structural types, core–shell, concave and alloy, exhibits remarkable enhanced ORR and HER bifunctionality.

The Potential of Photoelectrochemical Carbon Sinks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias May ◽  
Kira Rehfeld
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Solar Fuels ◽  
Negative Emissions ◽  
Viable Approach ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Greenhouse gas emissions must be cut to limit global warming to 1.5-2C above preindustrial levels. Yet the rate of decarbonisation is currently too low to achieve this. Policy-relevant scenarios therefore rely on the permanent removal of CO<sub>2</sub> from the atmosphere. However, none of the envisaged technologies has demonstrated scalability to the decarbonization targets for the year 2050. In this analysis, we show that artificial photosynthesis for CO<sub>2</sub> reduction may deliver an efficient large-scale carbon sink. This technology is mainly developed towards solar fuels and its potential for negative emissions has been largely overlooked. With high efficiency and low sensitivity to high temperature and illumination conditions, it could, if developed towards a mature technology, present a viable approach to fill the gap in the negative emissions budget.<br>

The Potential of Photoelectrochemical Carbon Sinks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias May ◽  
Kira Rehfeld
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Solar Fuels ◽  
Negative Emissions ◽  
Viable Approach ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Greenhouse gas emissions must be cut to limit global warming to 1.5-2C above preindustrial levels. Yet the rate of decarbonisation is currently too low to achieve this. Policy-relevant scenarios therefore rely on the permanent removal of CO<sub>2</sub> from the atmosphere. However, none of the envisaged technologies has demonstrated scalability to the decarbonization targets for the year 2050. In this analysis, we show that artificial photosynthesis for CO<sub>2</sub> reduction may deliver an efficient large-scale carbon sink. This technology is mainly developed towards solar fuels and its potential for negative emissions has been largely overlooked. With high efficiency and low sensitivity to high temperature and illumination conditions, it could, if developed towards a mature technology, present a viable approach to fill the gap in the negative emissions budget.<br>

Peculiarities of the phytosanitary state of pome fruits in industrial horticulture

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
V. V. Antonenko ◽  
A. V. Zubkov ◽  
S. N. Kruchina
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Relative Safety ◽  
Pome Fruits ◽  
Weed Plants ◽  
Spread Of Infection

Data were obtained on the basis of the results of research carried out on the territory of the educational and experimental farm of the Timiryazev State Agrarian University, in Moscow during 2018-2019. As a result of the surveys, the most dangerous diseases and pests of pome crops on the territory of this farm were established. The most resistant apple and pear varieties to major diseases have been identified. Peculiarities of development of alternariosis on pear are described, the harmfulness of the disease on pear and apple seedlings is noted. A possible role in the transfer of alternariosis infection from garden-protective plantations and weed vegetation to fruit trees was noted. A possible role has been established in the transport of septoriosis, powdery dew infection from dicotyledonous weeds plants. The peculiarities of the spread of infection under the influence of wind direction are noted. The results and peculiarities of the application of various methods of scaring birds in the orchard are presented. As a result of route surveys the most harmful weed plants have been identified. The possibility of using herbicides of different mechanism of action in fruit gardens for weed control has been studied. High efficiency and relative safety of application of herbicides of contact action in nursery fields, operational orchards and for control of piglets on fruit trees are shown. Recommendations are given for the use of soil and systemic herbicides of soil in seedlings beds, the first and second fields of the nursery, as well as in the process of production of large-scale planting material and operational orchards of fruit crops. The safety of the herbicides in question is established when used in accordance with the recommended methods of use.

Bullying, School Violence, and Climate in Evolving Contexts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Avi Astor ◽  
Rami Benbenisthty
Keyword(s):  
School Violence ◽  
School Safety ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
New Research

Since 2005, the bullying, school violence, and school safety literatures have expanded dramatically in content, disciplines, and empirical studies. However, with this massive expansion of research, there is also a surprising lack of theoretical and empirical direction to guide efforts on how to advance our basic science and practical applications of this growing scientific area of interest. Parallel to this surge in interest, cultural norms, media coverage, and policies to address school safety and bullying have evolved at a remarkably quick pace over the past 13 years. For example, behaviors and populations that just a decade ago were not included in the school violence, bullying, and school safety discourse are now accepted areas of inquiry. These include, for instance, cyberbullying, sexting, social media shaming, teacher–student and student–teacher bullying, sexual harassment and assault, homicide, and suicide. Populations in schools not previously explored, such as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer students and educators and military- and veteran-connected students, become the foci of new research, policies, and programs. As a result, all US states and most industrialized countries now have a complex quilt of new school safety and bullying legislation and policies. Large-scale research and intervention funding programs are often linked to these policies. This book suggests an empirically driven unifying model that brings together these previously distinct literatures. This book presents an ecological model of school violence, bullying, and safety in evolving contexts that integrates all we have learned in the 13 years, and suggests ways to move forward.

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