Abstract
This paper aims to address calibration of a coreflood Alkali Surfactant Polymer (ASP) formulation experiment through parametrization of fluid-fluid and rock-fluid interactions considering cation exchange capacity and by rock to guide an ASP pilot design.
First of all, a series of chemical formulation experiments were studied in cores drilled from clastic reservoir so that displacement lab tests were run on linear and radial cores to determine the potential for oil recovery by ASP flooding and recommended the chemical formulation and flooding schemes, in terms of oil recovery. Therefore, to simulate the process, those tests performed with radial core injection were taken, because this type of test has a better representation of the fluid flow in reservoir, the fluids are injected by a perforation in the center of the core, moving in a radial direction the fluids inside the porous medium. Subsequently, displaced fluids are collected on the periphery of the core carrier and stored in graduated test tubes. The recommended test was carried out to the phase of numerical simulation and historical matching. Reservoir simulation is one of the most important tools available to predict behavior under chemical flooding conditions and to study sensitivities based on cost-effective process implementation. Then, a radial core simulation model was designed from formulation data with porosity of 42.6%, a pore volume (PV) of 344.45 ml, radius of 7.17 cm and weight of 1225.84 g. The initial oil saturation was 0.748 PV (257.58 ml), with a critical water saturation of 0.252 PV (86.78 ml).
For the simulation model historical matching, adjustments were made until an acceptable comparison was obtained with laboratory test production data through parameterization of relative permeability curves, chemical adsorption parameters, polymer viscosity, among others; resulting in an accumulated effluents production mass 37% greater for alkali than obtained in the historical, regarding to surfactant the deviation was 8% considered acceptable and for the polymer the adjustment was very close. For the injector well bottom pressure, the viscosity ratio of the mixture was considered based on the polymer concentration and the effect of the shear rate on the viscosity of the polymer as well as the effect of salinity in the alkali case.
Finally, a calibrated coreflood numerical simulation model was obtained for ASP flooding to design an ASP Pilot with a residual oil saturation of 0.09 PV (31 ml) meaning 64% more recovered oil compared to a waterflooding case.
Laboratory evaluation and numerical simulation of the alkali–surfactant–polymer synergistic mechanism in chemical flooding
