scholarly journals Drinking water contamination from the thermal degradation of plastics: implications for wildfire and structure fire response

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristofer P. Isaacson ◽  
Caitlin R. Proctor ◽  
Q. Erica Wang ◽  
Ethan Y. Edwards ◽  
Yoorae Noh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Fire Response ◽  
Drinking Water Contamination ◽  
Plastic Pipes ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Benzene Toluene

Plastic pipes are susceptible to thermal degradation which can produce volatile organic compounds such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene that leach into drinking water.

scholarly journals “Don’t Drink the Water”: The Camp Lejeune Water Contamination Incident

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Laurel Beckley-Jackson
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Marine Corps ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Base Camp ◽  
Volatile Organic

From 1953 until 1987, an estimated one million Marines and their families at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, were exposed to drinking water contaminated with several volatile organic compounds (VOCs) known to cause cancer and other serious health conditions.1 From the time of detection in 1980 until a Congressional mandate in 2007, the Marine Corps made little to no effort to notify the affected veterans and their families of the potential for health problems, and failed to fully disclose the true extent of the contamination.

GC-MS determination of volatile organic compounds in drinking water supplies in Mexico

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Gelover ◽  
Erick R. Bandala ◽  
Teresa Leal-Ascencio ◽  
Sixto P�rez ◽  
Evaristo Mart�nez
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Volatile Organic

Volatile Organic Compounds in Water at Thirty Canadian Potable Water Treatment Facilities

1982 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1370-1374
Author(s):  
Rein Otson ◽  
David T Williams ◽  
Peter D Bothwell
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Potable Water Treatment

Abstract A static headspace technique and previously developed and evaluated dynamic headspace and liquid-liquid extraction techniques were applied in a survey of volatile organic compounds in water at 30 Canadian potable water treatment facilities. Of the 43 compounds investigated, 27 compounds were detected in the water samples. Chloroform and bromodichloromethane occurred most frequently in treated water, and trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the xylenes occurred frequently in both treated and raw water. Only chloroform occurred frequently at levels above 10 μg/L in treated water. Generally, higher levels of organic compounds were found during August-September than during November-December.

scholarly journals Influence of kitchen structures on household exposure to firewood-induced volatile organic compounds in Senwabarwana villages

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1193-1201
Author(s):  
Khomotso Semenya ◽  
Fannie Machete
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Environmental Health Risk ◽  
Roofing Material ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Cooking Water ◽  
Key Drivers

Abstract This paper presents the extent to which kitchen structures influence household exposure to firewood-induced volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The sample consisted of 69 firewood users who were conveniently sampled from Senwabarwana Villages. An Integrated Environmental Health Risk Assessment framework (IEHRA) was adopted as the research methods of the current study. The VOC samples were collected from selected priority firewood species used in the study area, namely mushu (Umbrella thorn), mohwelere (red bushwillow), moretshe (Sickle bush), motswiri (Leadwood) and mokgwa (Black monkey thorn). Four VOCs, namely benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene were analysed from each of the selected plant species. Available literature shows that these VOCs are associated with the kind of common firewood used in the study area. The outcomes of this study reveal that mushu emits the highest concentration of the four selected VOCs, followed by moretshe, mohwelere, mokgwa and motswiri, respectively. The influence of kitchen structural factors such as number and positioning of windows, fireplace or stove type, roofing material and designs, among others on the concentration and indoor dispersion of VOCs was also investigated. Behavioural practices of households during fire making such as opening or closing of doors and windows during cooking, water heating and space heating were also found to influence exposure levels. Consequently, low VOCs emitting firewood species and kitchen structural designs have been confirmed as the key drivers of firewood-induced VOC exposure.

Determination and identification of volatile organic compounds in drinking water produced offshore

Chemosphere ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1631-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina K. Kristiansen ◽  
Elsa Lundanes ◽  
May Frøshaug ◽  
Hans Utkilen
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Study on the change of organic matter along the Processes of Drinking Water Plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 03023
Author(s):  
Shuo Zhang ◽  
Ruhua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollutants ◽  
Drinking Water Safety ◽  
Water Plant ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Drinking Water Purification

According to contaminated raw water and drinking water purification processes, volatile/semi-volatile organic compounds in water are determined by GC-MS. The changes of the organic along the process and water quality from unsafe to safe process were revealed. The results show that there are odorous substances such as heptanal in raw water, which are not detected after the filtration. The composition of volatile organic compounds changes a lot after the ozone activated carbon process, thus anthropogenic pollutants are no longer detected such as 5-ethyl-5-(3-hydroxy isopentyl)-barbituric acid. However, biological metabolites that are not present in raw water such as cedrenol appear. Except disinfection by-products after disinfection, there are a variety of halogenated compounds as 1-1-dichlorocyclobutane and 1-chloro-3, 3-dimethyl-butane. Some hydrocarbons and alcohols in the finished water have little impact on drinking water safety.

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