Electricity-free chemical heater for isothermal nucleic acid amplification with applications in COVID-19 home testing

The Analyst ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Jie Li ◽  
Michael G. Mauk ◽  
Youngung Seok ◽  
Haim H. Bau
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Temperature Regulation ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Enzymatic Amplification ◽  
Isothermal Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Home Testing ◽  
Change Material

Electricty-free incubation of isothermal enzymatic amplification with a composite comprised of exothermic reactants for heat generation and phase change material for temperature regulation.

Phase-Change Material to Thermally Regulate Photovoltaic Panels to Improve Solar to Electric Efficiency

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew H. Rosenthal ◽  
Bruna P. Gonçalves ◽  
J. A. Beckwith ◽  
Rohit Gulati ◽  
Marc D. Compere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Temperature Regulation ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Thermal Systems ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Change Material

This paper investigates the use of phase-change material (PCM) for temperature regulation of a rack-mounted photovoltaic (PV) solar panel. PV panels exhibit a significant decrease in electrical efficiency as temperature trends higher. Current PV panels are approximately 10–16% efficient at harnessing incident solar irradiation into effective electrical power. The remaining solar irradiation that is not converted to electricity will heat the PV panel and decrease efficiency. Using PCM for temperature regulation and temporary heat storage in photovoltaic/thermal systems (PVT) is an emerging technology that has attracted attention recently. The PCM absorbs heat and regulates peak temperature, which allows the PV panel to operate at lower temperatures during peak solar conditions. Further, the waste heat stored in the PCM can be used for other applications. The main focus of this paper is to experimentally evaluate the heat dissipation of four different PCM containment configurations from a simulated PV panel.

Cooling of a lithium ion battery using phase change material with air/dielectric fluid media: A numerical study

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (5) ◽  
pp. 722-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Amalesh ◽  
N Lakshmi Narasimhan
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Dielectric Liquid ◽  
Dielectric Fluid ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
Fluid Media ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Change Material

This paper proposes a method of cooling lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries using a phase change material RT35 in combination with air or a dielectric fluid media (STO 50). Three-dimensional numerical investigations have been carried out using Ansys Fluent to assess the cooling performance under different rates of discharging (1C, 2C, and 3C) of a 38120P Li-ion battery. Five different cases have been investigated and the relative benefits of the combined phase change material–air/dielectric liquid cooling compared over an air or dielectric cooling alone for the battery. Actual heat generation data available for the battery was made use of and supplied to the source term of the energy equation in the solver. A separate user-defined macro on the heat generation of the battery was developed by the authors for the purpose. The numerical simulation was validated comparing the present results with published experimental data for a bare adiabatic 38120P Li-ion cell. The results showed that the cooling was better with phase change material–air or phase change material–dielectric liquid combination compared to air or dielectric fluid alone, capable of reducing the cell temperature further by 6 ℃. From the study, employing phase change material in combination with a dielectric liquid has been suggested as a promising option for thermal management of Li-ion batteries at higher discharging rates to maintain the cell temperatures below 37 ℃.

scholarly journals Experimental investigations on the cooling of a motorcycle helmet with phase change material (PCM)

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.C. Fok ◽  
F.L. Tan ◽  
C.C. Sua
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Melting Time ◽  
Motorcycle Helmet ◽  
Simulated Solar Radiation ◽  
Change Material

The thermal comfort of motorcycle helmet during hot weather is important as it can affect the physiological and psychological condition of the rider. This paper examines the use of phase change material (PCM) to cool a motorcycle helmet and presents the experimental investigations on the influences of the simulated solar radiation, wind speed, and heat generation rate on the cooling system. The result shows that the PCM-cooled helmet is able to prolong the thermal comfort period compared to a normal helmet. The findings also indicate that the heat generation from the head is the predominant factor that will affect the PCM melting time. Simulated solar radiation and ram-air due to vehicle motion under adiabatic condition can have very little influences on the PCM melting time. The results suggested that the helmet usage time would be influenced by the amount of heat generated from the head. Some major design considerations based on these findings have been included. Although this investigation focuses on the cooling of a motorcyclist helmet, the findings would also be useful for the development of PCM-cooling systems in other applications.

Numerical Modeling of Submodule Heat Transfer With Phase Change Material for Thermal Management of Electric Vehicle Battery Packs

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Javani ◽  
I. Dincer ◽  
G. F. Naterer
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Cooling Effects ◽  
Change Material

In this paper, passive thermal management of an electric vehicle (EV) battery pack with phase change material (PCM) is studied numerically. When the temperature in the cells increases, and consequently in the submodule also, the heat is absorbed through melting of the cooling jacket which surrounds the cells. This, in turn, creates cooling effects in the cell and the battery pack. A finite volume based numerical model is used for the numerical simulations. The effects of different operating conditions are compared for the submodule with and without the PCM. The present results show that a more uniform temperature distribution is obtained when the PCM is employed which is in agreement with past literature and experimental data. The results also imply that the effect of PCM on cell temperature is more pronounced when the cooling system operates under transient conditions. The required time to reach the quasi-steady state temperature is less than 3 h, and it strongly depends on the heat generation rate in the cell. The maximum temperature of the system decreases from 310.9 K to 303.1 K by employing the PCM and the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures in the submodule decreases in this way. The temperature differences are 0.17 K, 0.68 K, 5.80 K, and 13.33 K for volumetric heat generation rates of 6.885, 22.8, 63.97, and 200 kW/m3, respectively.

scholarly journals Experimental Examination on the Cooling of a Helmet using Microencapsulated Phase Change Material

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1S4) ◽  
pp. 1065-1068
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Cooling Time ◽  
Generation Rate ◽  
Heat Generation Rate ◽  
Microencapsulated Phase Change Material ◽  
Change Material ◽  
Main Factor

A helmet is the important personal protective equipment for the motorcyclist. This work analyses the use of the microencapsulated phase change material (MPCM) to cool the helmet and also investigate the effect of the inside heat generation rate, simulated radiation and wind speed on the cooling systems. The results indicate that with MPCM packed helmet has the ability to sustain constant temperature for more time when compared to the normal helmet. The findings also show that the head heat generation rate is the main factor that will affect the cooling time of the system. The wind speed and simulated radiation did not affect much on the cooling time. The results depicted that the extension of the helmet cooling time is based on the amount of MPCM embedded inside the helmet. Even though this investigation concentrates on cooling of helmet, the findings would also be helpful for the improvement of MPCM in many other applications.

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