Elucidation of substrate interaction effects in multicomponent systems containing 3-ring homocyclic and heterocyclic polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasenjit Ghosh ◽  
Suparna Mukherji
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Multicomponent Systems ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Substrate Interaction

Bacterial growth and degradation experiments were conducted on carbazole (CBZ), fluorene (FLU) and dibenzothiophene (DBT) individually and in various mixture combinations using an efficient polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) degrading bacterial...

Organic and biological spectrochemical studies. XXVIII. Electron spin resonance spectra of some polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon ions

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 1942-1945 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Cooper ◽  
W. F. Forbes ◽  
J. C. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Spin Resonance ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Electron Spin ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Boron Trifluoride ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oxidizing Agent ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Anions And Cations

The electron spin resonance spectra are presented for the anions and cations of the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons anthanthrene, benz[ghi]perylene, benz[e]pyrene, dibenz[fg,op]naphthacene, and dibenz[a,c]triphenylene. The cation of dibenz[fg,op]naphthacene is shown to form a dimer under certain conditions.The usefulness of a new oxidizing agent for the production of the cations, boron trichloride, has been investigated and was found to afford comparable spectra to boron trifluoride, using sulfur dioxide as solvent.

scholarly journals Correlation of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon Formation Between Pyrolysis and Smoking

1977 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Severson ◽  
W. S. Schlotzhauer ◽  
R. F. Arrendale ◽  
M. E. Snook ◽  
H. C. Higman
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Condensate ◽  
Hydrocarbon Formation

AbstractTobacco, its petroleum ether (PE) extract, and the residual extracted tobacco (marc) were pyrolyzed at 650-750°C, 650-850°C, and 700°C, respectively. Analyses of the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) produced showed that the pyrolysis of the tobacco and the PE extract at 700°C produced PAH profiles comparable to those found in cigarette smoke condensate (CSC). The data indicated that most of the alkyl PAH and the major PAH in cigarette smoke are derived from the PE extractables of tobacco. The constituents of the marc were the major precursors for phenols, oxygenated PAH, and Iow molecular weight acids; and those of PE extract were the major producers of high molecular weight acids.

Survey of Some Market Basket Commodities for Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon Content

1979 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-620
Author(s):  
Frank L Joe ◽  
Emma L Roseboro ◽  
Thomas Fazio
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Market Basket ◽  
Hydrocarbon Content ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Potent Carcinogen ◽  
Regulatory Procedure

Abstract The Food and Drug Administration multicomponent regulatory procedure for determining polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in foods was recently used to survey 24 foodstuffs for the presence of these compounds. The procedure has a reliable limit of quantitation of 2 ppb. The potent carcinogen benzo (a) pyrene was detected in only one of the 24 products analyzed, at a level of 3 ppb. Pyrene and/or fluoranthene were found in 19 of the 24 samples examined, at levels ranging from less than 1 ppb to about 75 ppb. A comparison of the recent survey data to that obtained approximately 10 years ago reveals that the types and levels of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons found are essentially unchanged.

Composition of N – Alkanes and Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Jatropha curcas Seed Oil from Different Locations

2013 ◽  
Vol 824 ◽  
pp. 311-317
Author(s):  
E.T. Akhihiero ◽  
E.O. Aluyor ◽  
T.O.K. Audu
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Hydrocarbon Content ◽  
Edo State

The hydrocarbon content of Jatropha curcas seed oil obtained from Oleh Community in Delta State, NIFOR farm in Edo State and Ikabigbo in Edo State represented as samples X, Y and Z respectively were investigated using Gas Chromatography with flame ionization detector. The predominant alkanes found in the oil samples are n-Eicosane (C20H42) and n-Docosane (C22H46), while the major polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon found in the oil samples is chrysene. Sample X has the highest percentage of n-Eicosane (65.72%), sample Y has 35.56% n-Eicosane while sample Z has the lowest n-Eicosane (0.23%). Sample Z has the highest percentage of n-Docosane (91.38%), sample Y has 60.11% n-Docosane with sample X being the lowest (22.65%). The percentage of chrysene in sample Y is highest (100%), sample X has 97.47% while sample Z has the lowest percentage of chrysene (44.75%).

scholarly journals Practical Considerations and Challenges Involved in Surfactant Enhanced Bioremediation of Oil

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagarika Mohanty ◽  
Jublee Jasmine ◽  
Suparna Mukherji
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Micellar Solubilization ◽  
Substrate Interaction ◽  
Surfactant Interactions ◽  
Fuel Oils ◽  
Enhanced Bioremediation ◽  
Phase Liquid

Surfactant enhanced bioremediation (SEB) of oil is an approach adopted to overcome the bioavailability constraints encountered in biotransformation of nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) pollutants. Fuel oils containn-alkanes and other aliphatic hydrocarbons, monoaromatics, and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Although hydrocarbon degrading cultures are abundant in nature, complete biodegradation of oil is rarely achieved even under favorable environmental conditions due to the structural complexity of oil and culture specificities. Moreover, the interaction among cultures in a consortium, substrate interaction effects during the degradation and ability of specific cultures to alter the bioavailability of oil invariably affect the process. Although SEB has the potential to increase the degradation rate of oil and its constituents, there are numerous challenges in the successful application of this technology. Success is dependent on the choice of appropriate surfactant type and dose since the surfactant-hydrocarbon-microorganism interaction may be unique to each scenario. Surfactants not only enhance the uptake of constituents through micellar solubilization and emulsification but can also alter microbial cell surface characteristics. Moreover, hydrocarbons partitioned in micelles may not be readily bioavailable depending on the microorganism-surfactant interactions. Surfactant toxicity and inherent biodegradability of surfactants may pose additional challenges as discussed in this review.

Multi-alkylated Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons of Tobacco Smoke: Separation and Identification

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Snook ◽  
R. F. Severson ◽  
R. F. Arrendale ◽  
H. C. Higman ◽  
O. T. Chortyk
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gel Chromatography ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Condensate ◽  
Gas And Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Silicic Acid Chromatography ◽  
Derivatives Of

AbstractThe methyl, multi-methyl, and ethyl derivatives of the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) were isolated from the neutrals by silicic acid chromatography, solvent partitioning and gel chromatography. The procedure yielded a relatively pure PAH isolate amenable to further identifications. The multi-alkylated PAH were concentrated in the early gel fractions with parent and higher ring PAH found in subsequent gel fractions. It was shown that CSC is very rich in alkylated PAH, and their successful identification required extensive use of gas and liquid chromatography and ultra-violet and GC - mass spectrometric techniques. High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) separated individual isomers of the alkylated PAH in complex GC peaks. PAH from indene to pentamethylchrysene were found. This report concludes our identification studies on the PAH of CSC and complements our two previous reports in this journal. Collectively, our studies have identified approximately 1000 PAH of cigarette smoke condensate and have led to the development of methods for the routine quantitation of PAH in smalI quantities of cigarette smoke condensate.

1,1’-Biaceanthrylene and 2,2'-Biaceanthrylene: Models for Linking Larger Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons via Five-Membered Rings

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yachu Du ◽  
Kyle Plunkett
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Electronic Properties ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Redox Potentials ◽  
Dimer Model ◽  
Optical And Electronic Properties ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

We show that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) chromophores that are linked between two five-membered rings can access planarized structures with reduced optical gaps and redox potentials. Two aceanthrylene chromophores were connected into dimer model systems with the chromophores either projected outward (2,2’-biaceanthrylene) or inward (1,1’-biaceanthrylene) and the optical and electronic properties were compared. Only the planar 2,2’-biaceanthrylene system showed significant reductions of the optical gaps (1 eV) and redox potentials in relation to the aceanthrylene monomer.<br>

1,1’-Biaceanthrylene and 2,2'-Biaceanthrylene: Models for Linking Larger Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons via Five-Membered Rings

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yachu Du ◽  
Kyle Plunkett
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Electronic Properties ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Redox Potentials ◽  
Dimer Model ◽  
Optical And Electronic Properties ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

We show that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) chromophores that are linked between two five-membered rings can access planarized structures with reduced optical gaps and redox potentials. Two aceanthrylene chromophores were connected into dimer model systems with the chromophores either projected outward (2,2’-biaceanthrylene) or inward (1,1’-biaceanthrylene) and the optical and electronic properties were compared. Only the planar 2,2’-biaceanthrylene system showed significant reductions of the optical gaps (1 eV) and redox potentials in relation to the aceanthrylene monomer.<br>

Spectrophotometry Measurement of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Hamilton Harbour Sediments

1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.P. Murphy ◽  
H. Brouwer ◽  
M.E. Fox ◽  
E. Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Coal Tar ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Hamilton Harbour

Abstract Eighty-one sediment cores were collected to determine the extent of coal tar contamination in a toxic area of Hamilton Harbour. Over 800 samples were analyzed by a UV spectrophotometric technique that was standardized with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. The coal tar distribution was variable. The highest concentrations were near the Stelco outfalls and the Hamilton-Wentworth combined sewer outfalls. The total concentration of the 16 polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 48,300 m3 of near-surface sediments exceeded 200 µg/g.

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