scholarly journals Exploring the symbol processing ‘time interval’ parametric constraint in a Belousov–Zhabotinsky operated chemical Turing machine

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (37) ◽  
pp. 23151-23160
Author(s):  
Thomas C. Draper ◽  
Marta Dueñas-Díez ◽  
Juan Pérez-Mercader
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Recognition ◽  
Turing Machine ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Symbol Processing ◽  
Parametric Constraint

Chemical reactions are powerful molecular recognition machines.

Name Reactions: Strategies in Design of Chemodosimeters for Analyte Detection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit Kumar Mahapatra ◽  
Anwesha Maiti ◽  
Saikat Kumar Manna ◽  
Dipanjan Banik
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Recognition ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Analyte Detection

Design and synthesis of suitable chemodosimeters for detection of toxic analytes has become challenging for new researchers nowadays in the molecular recognition field. Among different chemical reactions, name reaction-based approaches...

Modelling and Simulation of Temperature and Stress Analysis in TIG Welding Process

2015 ◽  
Vol 830-831 ◽  
pp. 294-297
Author(s):  
Nayan Chandak ◽  
Mohan Kumar Pradhan ◽  
Lokesh Boriwal
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Strain State ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Coarse Mesh ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Fine Mesh ◽  
Material Conditions

In this study, the welding process is modelled and analysed using ANSYS software. The temperature and residual stress produced during the process is depicted. During heating, the material conditions, parts affected by residual stress and the stress–strain state at different time interval is recorded and a subsequent structural analysis is used for the analysis, the same is used in the analysis where thermal and structural results are investigated. Subsequently, with sensitivity analysis the results are evaluated. Non-uniform meshing is used to entrap the result with fine mesh in the heat affected zone and coarse mesh away from it to save processing time. The results from the thermal structural analysis are presented to understand the process deeply and comparison of the graph plot between temperature and time is explained.

scholarly journals An efficient time algorithm for makespan objectives

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Yucel Ozturkoglu
Keyword(s):  
Processing Time ◽  
Single Machine Scheduling ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Scheduling Problems ◽  
Automatic Production ◽  
Polynomial Time Algorithms ◽  
Automatic Production Line ◽  
One Machine ◽  
Machine Deterioration

This paper focuses on a single machine scheduling subject to machine deterioration with rate-modifying activities (RMA). The motivation for this study stems from the automatic-production line problem with one machine. The main question is to find the sequence in which jobs should be scheduled, how many maintenance activity (RMA) to use, if any, and where to insert them in the schedule during the time interval with optimal makespan objective. This problem is known to be NP-hard and we give concise analyses of the problem and provide polynomial time algorithms to solve the makespan problem. We also propose an algorithm which can be applied to some scheduling problems with the actual processing time of job nonlinearly based on its position.This paper focuses on a single machine scheduling subject to machine deterioration with rate-modifying activities (RMA). The motivation for this study stems from the automatic-production line problem with one machine. The main question is to find the sequence in which jobs should be scheduled, how many maintenance activity (RMA) to use, if any, and where to insert them in the schedule during the time interval with optimal makespan objective. This problem is known to be NP-hard and we give concise analyses of the problem and provide polynomial time algorithms to solve the makespan problem. We also propose an algorithm which can be applied to some scheduling problems with the actual processing time of job nonlinearly based on its position.

Characterization of macro-defect-free processing in a Banburry-type mixer

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 650-651
Author(s):  
M. A. Gulgun ◽  
W.M. Kriven
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Viscoplastic Flow ◽  
Shear Mixing ◽  
Standard Composition ◽  
Mixed Batch ◽  
Type Mixer

Macro-defect-free cement (MDF) is a composite material consisting of a tightly bound network of inorganic calcium aluminate (CA) cement grains embedded in an polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) organic matrix. The standard composition starts with a mixed batch made of 83.8 wt% CA, 5.9 wt% partially hydrolyzed PVA, 9.6 wt% water and 0.6 wt% glycerine. The damp powder is further shear-mixed in a Banburry type mixer. During this step, the mix converts into a dough-like, viscoplastic paste which further can be processed by extrusion or molding to a desired shape. Viscoplastic paste formation is a crucial stage in processing and results from mechano-chemical (i.e. mechanically assisted) reactions between the polymer and the hydrating cement phases. The viscoplastic flow is only observed within a certain processing time interval, i.e. window of processability (Regions II and III in Fig. 1). Prolonged shear mixing reverts the system back into a friable, powdery mass. The rheology of the composite paste is monitored in terms of the torque required to flow the mix at a constant rpm.

scholarly journals The sample processing time interval as an influential factor in flow cytometry analysis of lymphocyte subsets

2007 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula dos Santos ◽  
Álvaro Luiz Bertho ◽  
Reinaldo de Menezes Martins ◽  
Rugimar Marcovistz
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Flow Cytometry Analysis ◽  
Sample Processing

A Model of Empty Duration Perception

Perception ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Nakajima
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Just Noticeable Difference ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Subjective Duration ◽  
Standard Duration ◽  
Empty Time Interval ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Given ◽  
Empty Time

An attempt to construct a general theory of duration perception is presented. First, four experiments are reported in which the supplement hypothesis, on the relation between two or three empty durations, was examined: the subjective duration of a subjectively empty time interval is directly proportional to its physical duration plus a constant of ~ 80 ms. This hypothesis could be applied to the ratio judgments of auditorily marked empty durations between 40 and 600 ms given serially. It could also explain the discrepancies between musically notated rhythms and the corresponding physical performed rhythms in very simple rhythm patterns consisting of three tones. Next, three earlier experiments on discriminations of empty durations marked by sound bursts were also reanalyzed. Within the range 40–600 ms, the absolute just noticeable difference of an empty duration was almost directly proportional to the standard duration plus a constant of about 80 ms. If the supplement hypothesis is accepted, this means that the relative just noticeable difference of the subjective duration was constant. Finally, the processing time hypothesis is presented: subjective duration is directly proportional to the physical time required to process the given empty duration. This processing is considered to begin with the detection of the first marker, and to end ~ 80 ms after the detection of the second marker.

Modelling of Underground Coal Gasification Process Using CFD Methods / Modelowanie Procesu Podziemnego Zgazowania Węgla Kamiennego Z Zastosowaniem Metod CFD

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Wachowicz ◽  
Jacek Marian Łączny ◽  
Sebastian Iwaszenko ◽  
Tomasz Janoszek ◽  
Magdalena Cempa-Balewicz
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Grid Data ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Process Gas ◽  
In Situ Conditions

Abstract The results of model studies involving numerical simulation of underground coal gasification process are presented. For the purpose of the study, the software of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was selected for simulation of underground coal gasification. Based on the review of the literature, it was decided that ANSYS-Fluent will be used as software for the performance of model studies. The ANSYS- -Fluent software was used for numerical calculations in order to identify the distribution of changes in the concentration of syngas components as a function of duration of coal gasification process. The nature of the calculations was predictive. A geometric model has been developed based on construction data of the georeactor used during the researches in Experimental Mine “Barbara” and Coal Mine “Wieczorek” and it was prepared by generating a numerical grid. Data concerning the georeactor power supply method and the parameters maintained during the process used to define the numerical model. Some part of data was supplemented based on the literature sources. The main assumption was to base the simulation of the georeactor operation on a mathematical models describing reactive fluid flow. Components of the process gas and the gasification agent move along the gasification channel and simulate physicochemical phenomena associated with the transfer of mass and energy as well as chemical reactions (together with the energy effect). Chemical reactions of the gasification process are based on a kinetic equation which determines the course of a particular type of equation of chemical coal gasification. The interaction of gas with the surrounding coal layer has also been described as a part of the model. The description concerned the transport of thermal energy. The coal seam and the mass rock are treated as a homogeneous body. Modelling studies assumed the coal gasification process is carried out with the participation of separately oxygen and air as a gasification agent, under the specific conditions of the georeactor operations within the time interval of 100 hours and 305 hours. The results of the numerical solution have been compared with the results of experimental results under in-situ conditions.

Surface reactions observed by photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM)

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 286-287
Author(s):  
H.H. Rotermund
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Work Function ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Clean Surface ◽  
Crystal Surfaces ◽  
Single Crystal Surfaces ◽  
Photoemission Electron

Chemical reactions at a surface will in most cases show a measurable influence on the work function of the clean surface. This change of the work function δφ can be used to image the local distributions of the investigated reaction,.if one of the reacting partners is adsorbed at the surface in form of islands of sufficient size (Δ>0.2μm). These can than be visualized via a photoemission electron microscope (PEEM). Changes of φ as low as 2 meV give already a change in the total intensity of a PEEM picture. To achieve reasonable contrast for an image several 10 meV of δφ are needed. Dynamic processes as surface diffusion of CO or O on single crystal surfaces as well as reaction / diffusion fronts have been observed in real time and space.

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