scholarly journals Quinalizarin as a potent, selective and cell-permeable inhibitor of protein kinase CK2

2009 ◽  
Vol 421 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Cozza ◽  
Marco Mazzorana ◽  
Elena Papinutto ◽  
Jenny Bain ◽  
Matthew Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Protein Kinase Ck2 ◽  
Integration Site ◽  
Jurkat Cells ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Leukaemia Virus ◽  
Kinase Ck2 ◽  
Ck2 Inhibitors ◽  
Ck2 Inhibitor

Emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methyl-anthraquinone) is a moderately potent and poorly selective inhibitor of protein kinase CK2, one of the most pleiotropic serine/threonine protein kinases, implicated in neoplasia and in other global diseases. By virtual screening of the MMS (Molecular Modeling Section) database, we have now identified quinalizarin (1,2,5,8-tetrahydroxyanthraquinone) as an inhibitor of CK2 that is more potent and selective than emodin. CK2 inhibition by quinalizarin is competitive with respect to ATP, with a Ki value of approx. 50 nM. Tested at 1 μM concentration on a panel of 75 protein kinases, quinalizarin drastically inhibits only CK2, with a promiscuity score (11.1), which is the lowest ever reported so far for a CK2 inhibitor. Especially remarkable is the ability of quinalizarin to discriminate between CK2 and a number of kinases, notably DYRK1a (dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylated and -regulated kinase), PIM (provirus integration site for Moloney murine leukaemia virus) 1, 2 and 3, HIPK2 (homeodomain-interacting protein kinase-2), MNK1 [MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase)-interacting kinase 1], ERK8 (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 8) and PKD1 (protein kinase D 1), which conversely tend to be inhibited as drastically as CK2 by commercially available CK2 inhibitors. The determination of the crystal structure of a complex between quinalizarin and CK2α subunit highlights the relevance of polar interactions in stabilizing the binding, an unusual characteristic for a CK2 inhibitor, and disclose other structural features which may account for the narrow selectivity of this compound. Tested on Jurkat cells, quinalizarin proved able to inhibit endogenous CK2 and to induce apoptosis more efficiently than the commonly used CK2 inhibitors TBB (4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzotriazole) and DMAT (2-dimethylamino-4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzimidazole).

scholarly journals Impact of protein kinase CK2 inhibitors on proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells

Heliyon ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. e00318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Bender ◽  
Lisa Schwind ◽  
David Grundmann ◽  
Monika Martin ◽  
Markus Klotz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Protein Kinase Ck2 ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Kinase Ck2 ◽  
Ck2 Inhibitors

scholarly journals Structural Determinants of CX-4945 Derivatives as Protein Kinase CK2 Inhibitors: A Computational Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 7004-7021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbo Liu ◽  
Xia Wang ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Jinghui Wang ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinase Ck2 ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Kinase Ck2 ◽  
Ck2 Inhibitors

Indeno[1,2-b]indole derivatives as a novel class of potent human protein kinase CK2 inhibitors

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 2282-2289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claas Hundsdörfer ◽  
Hans-Jörg Hemmerling ◽  
Claudia Götz ◽  
Frank Totzke ◽  
Patrick Bednarski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinase Ck2 ◽  
Human Protein ◽  
Indole Derivatives ◽  
Human Protein Kinase ◽  
Kinase Ck2 ◽  
Ck2 Inhibitors

Tetrabromocinnamic Acid (TBCA) and Related Compounds Represent a New Class of Specific Protein Kinase CK2 Inhibitors

ChemBioChem ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario A. Pagano ◽  
Giorgia Poletto ◽  
Giovanni Di Maira ◽  
Giorgio Cozza ◽  
Maria Ruzzene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinase Ck2 ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
New Class ◽  
Kinase Ck2 ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Ck2 Inhibitors ◽  
Specific Protein Kinase

scholarly journals The phosphorylation of CapZ-interacting protein (CapZIP) by stress-activated protein kinases triggers its dissociation from CapZ

2005 ◽  
Vol 389 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire E. EYERS ◽  
Helen McNEILL ◽  
Axel KNEBEL ◽  
Nick MORRICE ◽  
Simon J. C. ARTHUR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Osmotic Shock ◽  
Jurkat Cells ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Capping Protein ◽  
Sb 203580

A protein expressed in immune cells and muscle was detected in muscle extracts as a substrate for several SAPKs (stress-activated protein kinases). It interacted specifically with the F-actin capping protein CapZ in splenocytes, and was therefore termed ‘CapZIP’ (CapZ-interacting protein). Human CapZIP was phosphorylated at Ser-179 and Ser-244 by MAPKAP-K2 (mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2) or MAPKAP-K3 in vitro. Anisomycin induced the phosphorylation of CapZIP at Ser-179 in Jurkat cells, which was prevented by SB 203580, consistent with phosphorylation by MAPKAP-K2 and/or MAPKAP-K3. However, osmotic shock-induced phosphorylation of Ser-179 was unaffected by SB 203580. These and other results suggest that CapZIP is phosphorylated at Ser-179 in cells by MAPKAP-K2/MAPKAP-K3, and at least one other protein kinase. Stress-activated MAP kinase family members phosphorylated human CapZIP at many sites, including Ser-68, Ser-83, Ser-108 and Ser-216. Ser-108 became phosphorylated when Jurkat cells were exposed to osmotic shock, which was unaffected by SB 203580 and/or PD 184352, or in splenocytes from mice that do not express either SAPK3/p38γ or SAPK4/p38δ. Our results suggest that CapZIP may be phosphorylated by JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase), which phosphorylates CapZIP to >5 mol/mol within minutes in vitro. Osmotic shock or anisomycin triggered the dissociation of CapZIP from CapZ in Jurkat cells, suggesting that phosphorylation of CapZIP may regulate the ability of CapZ to remodel actin filament assembly in vivo.

scholarly journals Protein kinase CK2 inhibitor 4,5,6,7-tetrabromobenzotriazole (TBB) induces apoptosis and caspase-dependent degradation of haematopoietic lineage cell-specific protein 1 (HS1) in Jurkat cells

2002 ◽  
Vol 364 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria RUZZENE ◽  
Daniele PENZO ◽  
Lorenzo A. PINNA
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinase Ck2 ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Jurkat Cells ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Caspase Cleavage ◽  
Protein Substrates ◽  
Kinase Ck2

Incubation of Jurkat cells with 4,5,6,7-tetrabromobenzotriazole (TBB), a specific inhibitor of protein kinase CK2, induces dose-and time-dependent apoptosis as judged by several criteria. TBB-promoted apoptosis is preceded by inhibition of Ser/Thr phosphorylation of haematopoietic lineage cell-specific protein 1 (HS1) and is accompanied by caspase-dependent fragmentation of the same protein. Both effects are also observable if apoptosis is promoted by anti-Fas antibodies and by etoposide. Moreover, in vitro experiments show that HS1, once phosphorylated by CK2, becomes refractory to cleavage by caspase-3. These findings, in conjunction with similar data in the literature concerning two other CK2 protein substrates, Bid and Max, suggest that CK2 may play a general anti-apoptotic role through the generation of phosphorylated sites conferring resistance to caspase cleavage.

Down-Regulation of NF-κB and STAT3 Signaling Pathways Upon Protein Kinase CK2 Inhibition Empowers Bortezomib-Induced Multiple Myeloma Cell-Death

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 1849-1849
Author(s):  
Sabrina Manni ◽  
Alessandra Brancalion ◽  
Quotti Tubi Laura ◽  
Anna Cabrelle ◽  
Livio Trentin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Protein Kinase Ck2 ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Kinase Ck2 ◽  
Ck2 Inhibitors

Abstract Abstract 1849 Multiple Myeloma (MM) malignant plasma cells can be induced to die by blocking the proteasome. Bortezomib (BZ), a first-in class proteasome inhibitor of wide clinical use in MM patients, causes MM cell apoptosis through different mechanisms; however, the means of resistance to its effects are poorly recognized. Our group identified protein kinase CK2 as a critical survival molecule for MM cells (Piazza FA et al., 2006, Blood, 108(5):1698–707). This kinase regulates pivotal apoptosis-related pathways in cancer cells; however, it is currently unknown whether CK2 could be involved downstream proteasome inhibition. Intriguingly, phase I clinical trials are currently ongoing with an oral ATP-competitive CK2 inhibitor in MM and other tumors. We have here sought to investigate whether CK2 takes part in BZ-induced MM cell apoptosis and we studied whether blocking CK2 could influence pro-survival signalling pathways, which could account for MM cell resistance to BZ and chemotherapy. MM cell lines U-266, RPMI-8226 and INA-6, human bone marrow stromal cells and freshly isolated plasma cells from patients were cultured and exposed to BZ and CK2 inhibitors K27 and CX4945 for different time points. Annexin V and propidium iodide staining, evaluation of mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization and western blot (WB) analysis of PARP cleavage and apoptosis-related proteins expression were the assays employed to assess cell growth and viability upon the different treatments. We found that the rate of BZ-induced MM cell apoptosis was significantly increased by the simultaneous inhibition of CK2 and the proteasome in all the MM models tested and mitochondrial membrane potential measurements revealed that CK2 inhibition enhanced BZ-triggered intrinsic apoptotic cascade. Importantly, the combination of CK2 inhibitors and BZ resulted in a synergic growth-suppressive action. WB and RT-PCR analysis revealed that survival-signalling pathways associated with STAT3 and NF-κB were activated by BZ, which also caused a rise in the levels of the unfolded protein response-associated kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1α. These effects could represent unwanted side consequences of BZ treatment and could lend MM cells the ability to escape the cytotoxic effects of this drug. CK2 inhibition produced a strong reduction of phospho Ser 536 and phospho Ser 529 p65 NF-κB subunit, phospho Ser 727 STAT3 and IRE1α levels in MM cells. Remarkably, the simultaneous treatment with BZ and CK2 inhibitors was accompanied by a significant reduction of BZ-triggered p65 NF-κB and STAT3 activation and IRE1α protein levels. These results indicate that protein kinase CK2 protects from BZ-induced apoptosis and modulates pivotal signaling pathways in MM cells, such as the NF-κB and STAT3 cascades, which could otherwise be exploited in the selection of BZ-resistant MM cell clones. Our findings suggest that CK2 inhibition could offer a rational therapeutic option when designing novel BZ-based anti-MM combination therapies. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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