scholarly journals The role of bivalent ions in the inactivation of bacteriophage ϕ X174 by lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli C

1984 ◽  
Vol 223 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Rowatt
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Electrostatic Repulsion ◽  
Square Root ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Ionic Strength Effect ◽  
Bivalent Ions ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Strength Effect

The need for Ca2+ in the inactivation of bacteriophage phi X174 by lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli C was confirmed. Ca2+ could be replaced almost completely by Na+, but the concentration of Na+ needed was greater by more than an order of magnitude. Other bivalent ions caused inactivation in the same way as Ca2+, and the degree of inactivation varied according to the ion. At 50% inactivation of bacteriophage, the relation between the concentrations of NaCl and of bivalent or tervalent ions (Mx+) fitted the conception that NaCl was neutralizing electrostatic repulsion between virus and lipopolysaccharide by an ionic-strength effect: that is, log[Mx+] varies inversely with square root[NaCl]. The variation in effect of bi- and ter-valent ions and the low concentration needed show that this is not an ionic-strength effect but likely to involve binding to more than one site.

Ionic strength effect on liquid chromatographic retention of benzenesulfonates on nonpolar adsorbents

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (14) ◽  
pp. 2179-2183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry D. Rotsch ◽  
W. R. Cahill Jr ◽  
Donald J. Pietrzyk ◽  
Frederick F. Cantwell
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Electrical Double Layer ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Chromatographic Retention ◽  
Square Root ◽  
Ionic Strength Effect ◽  
Styrene Divinylbenzene ◽  
Chromatographic Resolution ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Strength Effect

Chromatographic retention of substituted benzenesulfonate ions is studied on two nonpolar styrene–divinylbenzene adsorbents as a function of mobile phase ionic strength. On both Amberlite XAD-2 and Hamilton PRP-1, a plot of reciprocal of the capacity factor for each benzenesulfonate versus reciprocal of the square root of ionic strength is linear as predicted by Stern–Gouy–Chapman electrical double layer theory. Chromatographic resolution is improved by using an electrolyte-containing mobile phase.

Biosorption-mediated reduction of Cr(VI) using heterotrophically-grown Chlorella vulgaris: Active sites and ionic strength effect

2013 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 94-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Pagnanelli ◽  
Nohman Jbari ◽  
Franco Trabucco ◽  
Ma Eugenia Martínez ◽  
Sebastián Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Ionic Strength Effect ◽  
Mediated Reduction ◽  
Strength Effect

Ionic Strength Effect Alters the Heterogeneous Ozone Oxidation of Methoxyphenols in Going from Cloud Droplets to Aerosol Deliquescent Particles

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (20) ◽  
pp. 12898-12907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majda Mekic ◽  
Yiqun Wang ◽  
Gwendal Loisel ◽  
Davide Vione ◽  
Sasho Gligorovski
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Cloud Droplets ◽  
Ozone Oxidation ◽  
Ionic Strength Effect ◽  
Strength Effect

scholarly journals Amine-based Carbon Dioxide Absorption: The Ionic Strength Effect on the Monoethanolamine Protonation Constant at Temperatures from 313 to 333K

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Sholeh Ma'mun ◽  
Panji Kumala Setiawan ◽  
Egip Indrayanto
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Protonation Constant ◽  
Acid Dissociation ◽  
Reactive System ◽  
Co2 Removal ◽  
Co2 Absorption ◽  
Pka Values ◽  
Ionic Strength Effect ◽  
Strength Effect

Amine-based absorption has been extensively used for carbon dioxide (CO2) removal processes, such as CO2 absorption from flue gas as well as from natural gas. As a reactive system in which the chemical reaction, as well as mass transfer, occur simultaneously, an experimental determination of equilibrium reaction constants, e.g. acid dissociation/protonation constant (Ka), is, therefore, necessary to be conducted. This study aims to evaluate the ionic strength effect from 0.06 to 6.0 m (mol/kg water) on the Ka value of monoethanolamine (MEA) at temperatures between 313 and 333K. The experimental results indicate that the pKa values tend to be increasing as the ionic strength increases. This is contradicting to the temperature effect where the pKa values tend to be decreasing as the temperature increases. Furthermore, the extended Debye-Hückel formulation was implemented to predict the species activity coefficients.

scholarly journals Ionic Strength Effect on Interfacial Interaction between Copper and Illite

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (08) ◽  
pp. 694-698
Author(s):  
Ji Hong-Wei ◽  
◽  
Zhang Zheng-Bin ◽  
Liu Lian-Sheng ◽  
Xin Hui-Zhen
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Ionic Strength Effect ◽  
Strength Effect

Expression in Escherichia coli of fragments of the coiled-coil rod domain of rabbit myosin: influence of different regions of the molecule on aggregation and paracrystal formation

1991 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-836
Author(s):  
S.J. Atkinson ◽  
M. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
Periodic Variation ◽  
Heptad Repeat ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
N Terminus ◽  
Low Ionic Strength ◽  
Myosin Rod

We have expressed in Escherichia coli a cDNA clone corresponding broadly to rabbit light meromyosin (LMM) together with a number of modified polypeptides and have used this material to investigate the role of different aspects of molecular structure on the solubility properties of LMM. The expressed material was characterized biochemically and structurally to ensure that it retained the coiled-coil conformation of the native molecule. Full-length recombinant LMM retained the general solubility properties of myosin and, although soluble at high ionic strength, precipitated when the ionic strength was reduced below 0.3 M. Constructs in which the ‘skip’ residues (that disrupt the coiled-coil heptad repeat) were deleted had solubility properties indistinguishable from the wild type, which indicated that the skip residues did not play a major role in determining the molecular interactions involved in assembly. Deletions from the N terminus of LMM did not alter the solubility properties of the expressed material, but deletion of 92 residues from the C terminus caused a large increase in solubility at low ionic strength, indicating that a determinant important for interaction between LMM molecules was located in this region. The failure of deletions from the molecule's N terminus to alter its solubility radically suggested that the periodic variation of charge along the myosin rod may not be as important as proposed for determining the strength of binding between molecules and thus the solubility of myosin.

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