scholarly journals Purification, properties and partial amino acid sequence of the blood-group-A-gene-associated α-3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase from human gut mucosal tissue

1990 ◽  
Vol 271 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Navaratnam ◽  
J B C Findlay ◽  
J N Keen ◽  
W M Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Mucosal Tissue ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Partial Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

An alpha-3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase that transfers N-acetylgalactosamine from UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine to H-active structures to form A determinants was purified to homogeneity from human gut mucosal tissue of blood-group-A subjects. The mucosa was homogenized, then treated with Triton X-100, and the solubilized enzyme was purified by affinity chromatography on UDP-hexanolamine-agarose and octyl-Sepharose CL-4B. Enzyme activity was recovered in 44% yield with a specific activity of approx. 7 mumol/min per mg. The only effective acceptor substrates for the transferase were those containing a subterminal β-galactosyl residue substituted at the O-2 position with L-fucose. The purified enzyme had a weak capacity to transfer D-galactose from UDP-D-galactose to similar acceptors to make blood-group-B determinants. H.p.l.c. and SDS/PAGE analysis indicated an Mr of 40,000 for the purified enzyme. For the first time a partial amino acid sequence Xaa-Ser-Leu-Pro-Arg-Met-Val-Tyr-Pro-Gln-Ile-Ser?-Val-Leu was obtained for the N-terminal region of the soluble alpha-3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase.

scholarly journals ABO groups can play a role in susceptibility and severity of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Samra ◽  
M. Habeb ◽  
R. Nafae
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Infection Group ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Seriously Ill

Abstract Background A few people infected by the coronavirus become seriously ill, while others show little to no signs of the symptoms, or are asymptomatic. Recent researches are pointing to the fact that the ABO blood group might play an important role in a person’s susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 infection. Aim of the study: try to understand the relationship between ABO groups and COVID-19 (susceptibility and severity). Results A total of (507) patients were included in this study. The study population was divided based on the ABO blood group into types A+, A−, B+, AB, O+, and O−. Blood group A was associated with high susceptibility of infection: group A, 381 (75.1%); and less common in group O, 97 (19.2%), group B, 18 (3.5%), and group AB, 11 (2.2%). The severity of COVID-19 infection was common in non-blood group O where (20 (7.1%), 4 (26.7%), 2 (11%), and 1 (9%) in type A+, A−, B+, and AB, respectively), while in type O 3.1%. And mechanically ventilated patients were 22 (5.9%), 2 (13.4%), 2 (11.1%), and 1 (1%). Mortality was high in blood groups A and B, 16 (4.37%) and 1 (5.5%), respectively, while in blood group O, it was 1%. Conclusion The incidence, severity, and mortality of COVID-19 were common in non-blood group O. While blood group O was protected against COVID-19.

scholarly journals Distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups in Nepalese medical students: a report

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-158
Author(s):  
T. Pramanik ◽  
S. Pramanik
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group Distribution

The frequencies of ABO and rhesus blood groups vary from one population to another. We studied blood group distribution in 120 Nepalese students; 34% were blood group A, 29% group B, 4% group AB and 32.5% group O. The frequency of Rh-negative blood was 3.33% and Rh-positive 96.66%

scholarly journals The association between blood groups and maxillofacial deformities

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (02) ◽  
pp. 138-140
Author(s):  
Rasoul Gheisari ◽  
Mehdi Ghoreishian ◽  
Movahedian Bijan ◽  
Roozbehi Amrolah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group Distribution

ABSTRACT Background: Blood group is a genetic characteristic which is associated with some diseases and deformities. Multifactorial characteristics of facial development make it difficult to predict a genetic pattern in a specific maxillofacial deformity, but epidemiological evaluations can reveal relationships between such deformities and some genetic characteristics or accompanied diseases, and this will help to recognise and treat them. The aim of this study is evaluation of the relationship between blood groups and maxillofacial deformities. Materials and Methods: In this study, blood groups of 190 patients with maxillofacial deformities who had had orthognathic surgery in Alzahra hospital, Isfahan, were compared with the general Iranian population. Results: Among 190 patients, 93 cases (49%) were men and 97 cases (51%) were women. Fifteen cases (8%) were < 20 years old, 130 cases (68%) were 20-30 years old, and the others (45 cases, 24%) were > 30 years old. The blood group distribution in our samples was as follows: blood group O = 76 cases (40%), blood group A = 58 cases (30%), blood group B = 41 cases (22%), and blood group AB = 15 cases (8%). Among these patients, 31 cases (16%) had maxillary deformities and 27 cases (14%) suffered from mandibular deformities while the other 132 cases (70%) had bimaxillary problems. The Chi-square test showed statistically significant differences between the blood group distribution of the patients of this study and the normal Iranian population ( P < 0.001). Conclusion: It was shown that among different blood groups; those with blood group B have a greater likelihood of association with maxillofacial deformities. On the other hand, the probability of the association of such deformities was the least with blood group A.

Prognostic value of the combination of blood group specificity and interleukin 28B gene polymorphism for estimation of efficiency of therapy with the use of pegylated interferon a-2 and ribavarin in patients with chronic genotype 1 hepatitis C

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-230
Author(s):  
P. P. Ogurtsov ◽  
Elena I. Kukhareva
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Hepatic Fibrosis ◽  
Pegylated Interferon ◽  
Interleukin 28B ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group Specificity ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Aim. To estimate the prognostic value of the combination of blood group specificity and interleukin 28B gene polymorphism for the achievement of sustained virologic response (SVR) to antiviral therapy (AVT) with the use ofpegylated interferon a-2 and ribavarin in patients with chronic genotype 1 hepatitis C (CHC-1). The secondary aim was to evaluate the influence of these genetic factors on the progress of hepatic fibrosis in case offailure of the above treatment. Materials and methods. A total of 146patients with CHC-1 were examined. We studied the RNA genotype of hepatitis C virus, blood group specificity, IL-28B gene polymorphism, and severity of hepatic fibrosis (puncture biopsies). Dynamics of hepatic fibrosis was followed up in 40 patients who failed to develop the virologic response. 20 control patients did not receive AVT. The multifactor significance criterion was used to identify the initial factor that produced the highest effect on SVR. Results. SVR was observed in 56.8% of the patients. Its efficiency was most significantly influenced by the combination of blood group specificity and interleukin 28B gene polymorphism (p=0.000024). Combination of blood group (0)1 with C/C or T/TIL-28B genotypes, A(II) with C/T or T/T, and B(III) with T/G was associated with SVR in 100, 88.2, and 94.4% cases respectively. It was absent in patients with blood group A(II) in combination with double-nucleotide substitution in rs8099917 of the IL-28B gene (TG and GG genotypes); these patients suffered progressive fibrosis. SVR occurred in 83.8% of the patients with blood group B(III). Conclusion. The knowledge of blood group in patients with CHC-1 and IL-28B gene polymorphism treated with the use of pegylated interferon a-2 and ribavarin allows to predict SVR with a probability of 100% in case of blood group 0(1) and C/C or T/T genotypes, 88.2% in case of blood group A(II) and single-nucleotide C>T substitution in rs8099917 locus of the IL-28B gene, 94.4% in case of blood group B(II) and single-nucleotide T>G substitution in the rs8099917 locus, 83.8% in case of blood group B(III). Treatment ofpatients with these genetic traits with antiviral drugs of direct action has no appreciable advances over treatment with AVT in combination with pegylated interferon a-2 and ribavarin (SVR above or around 85%). Patients with blood group A(II) and single- or double-nucleotide substitution in rs8099917 (TG or GG genotypes) have minimal chances to produce SVR to the above treatment. Simultaneous progression of hepatic fibrosis suggest that such therapy is undesirable in these cases. They should be regarded as main candidates for interferon-free therapy. Combination of blood group specificity and interleukin 28B gene polymorphism is a simple and reliable predictor of SVR and dynamics offibrosis in patients with CHC-1 receiving AVT with pegylated interferon a-2 and ribavirin; also, it may be an instrument of selection of patients for interferon-free therapy.

Antibody to histo-blood group A antigen neutralizes HIV produced by lymphocytes from blood group A donors but not from blood group B or O donors

AIDS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maiken Arendrup ◽  
John-Erik Stig Hansen ◽  
Henrik Clausen ◽  
Claus Nielsen ◽  
Lars Reinhardt Mathiesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

scholarly journals Association of Viral Hepatitis with ABO Blood Group in apparently Normal Iraqi Blood Donors

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 421-425
Author(s):  
Suad Azeez Hassan ◽  
Suhair Hassan Alkutbi ◽  
Eman S. Nassir ◽  
Haider Hassan Lilo
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are counted as a public health issue worldwide. The virus is transmitted to infect others through blood and blood products. Appointed blood groups and Rh-positive are more prone to the transmission of the infection by blood transfusion. The aim of this study is to find out the frequency of hepatitis B and C in apparently healthy blood donors and whether there is an association between ABO and Rh blood groups. ABO blood groups and their relationship with HBV and HCV infections were studied in 87,124 blood donors of both genders. Out of these donors, 353 individuals were found to be infected with HBV and HCV with a ratio of 1:250. The study was conducted between January to June 2018, which was presented to the Central Blood Bank in Baghdad and Al-Razi Medical Centre. It found that most hepatitis B and C blood donors were blood group O with a prevalence of 33.7 and 45.5%, respectively, while the results for those with blood group A showed 28.5 and 22.7% HBV and HCV infections, respectively. On the other hand, the incidence of HBV in individuals with blood group B was 29.8%, and HCV was 23.8%. AB blood group donors demonstrated the least incidence at 7.9% for both HBV and HCV. In conclusion, it has been found that there is a significant association between blood groups and Rh factor with hepatitis B and C infections.

scholarly journals The human gut symbiont Ruminococcus gnavus shows specificity to blood group A antigen during mucin glycan foraging: Implication for niche colonisation in the gastrointestinal tract

PLoS Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. e3001498
Author(s):  
Haiyang Wu ◽  
Emmanuelle H. Crost ◽  
C David Owen ◽  
Wouter van Bakel ◽  
Ana Martínez Gascueña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Glycoside Hydrolases ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Titration Calorimetry ◽  
Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A

The human gut symbiont Ruminococcus gnavus displays strain-specific repertoires of glycoside hydrolases (GHs) contributing to its spatial location in the gut. Sequence similarity network analysis identified strain-specific differences in blood-group endo-β-1,4-galactosidase belonging to the GH98 family. We determined the substrate and linkage specificities of GH98 from R. gnavus ATCC 29149, RgGH98, against a range of defined oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates including mucin. We showed by HPAEC-PAD and LC-FD-MS/MS that RgGH98 is specific for blood group A tetrasaccharide type II (BgA II). Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and saturation transfer difference (STD) NMR confirmed RgGH98 affinity for blood group A over blood group B and H antigens. The molecular basis of RgGH98 strict specificity was further investigated using a combination of glycan microarrays, site-directed mutagenesis, and X-ray crystallography. The crystal structures of RgGH98 in complex with BgA trisaccharide (BgAtri) and of RgGH98 E411A with BgA II revealed a dedicated hydrogen network of residues, which were shown by site-directed mutagenesis to be critical to the recognition of the BgA epitope. We demonstrated experimentally that RgGH98 is part of an operon of 10 genes that is overexpresssed in vitro when R. gnavus ATCC 29149 is grown on mucin as sole carbon source as shown by RNAseq analysis and RT-qPCR confirmed RgGH98 expression on BgA II growth. Using MALDI-ToF MS, we showed that RgGH98 releases BgAtri from mucin and that pretreatment of mucin with RgGH98 confered R. gnavus E1 the ability to grow, by enabling the E1 strain to metabolise BgAtri and access the underlying mucin glycan chain. These data further support that the GH repertoire of R. gnavus strains enable them to colonise different nutritional niches in the human gut and has potential applications in diagnostic and therapeutics against infection.

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