scholarly journals Evidence that GLUT-2 mRNA and protein concentrations are decreased by hyperinsulinaemia and increased by hyperglycaemia in liver of diabetic rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 288 (2) ◽  
pp. 675-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Burcelin ◽  
M Eddouks ◽  
J Kande ◽  
R Assan ◽  
J Girard
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Portal Plasma ◽  
Plasma Insulin Levels

GLUT-2, glucokinase (GK) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) mRNA expression was studied in the liver of chronically catheterized diabetic rats during the 3 days after an intravenous injection of 65 mg of streptozotocin (STZ)/kg. At 6 h after the STZ injection, portal plasma insulin levels were 270 +/- 32 mu-units/ml and blood glucose was 1.4 +/- 0.4 mmol/l, owing to pancreatic beta-cell destruction. GLUT-2 and PEPCK mRNA concentrations were rapidly and dramatically decreased (> 90%), whereas GK mRNA was increased. After 30 h, plasma insulin concentrations were lower than 5 mu-units/ml and blood glucose was > 20 mmol/l. GLUT-2 and PEPCK mRNA concentrations increased 2-fold and GK mRNA disappeared progressively. In order to assess the relative roles of hyperglycaemia and insulinopenia, blood glucose was clamped at 6.4 +/- 0.5 mmol/l from 18 to 72 h after STZ injection by phlorizin infusion (0.5-2 g/day per kg) or at 6.6 +/- 0.3 mmol/l from 18 to 48 h after STZ injection by insulin infusion (0.25 unit/min per kg). GLUT-2 mRNA concentrations were 50% lower in phlorizin-infused than in untreated diabetic rats. The low levels of GK mRNA and the high levels of PEPCK mRNA were unaffected by normalization of hyperglycaemia in phlorizin-infused diabetic rats. In insulin-infused rats (portal plasma insulin levels of 40 mu-units/ml) GLUT-2 mRNA levels were 25% of those in untreated diabetic rats, and they increased rapidly 6 h after insulin infusion was stopped. Liver GLUT-2 protein concentration showed similar changes in response to STZ injection and to phlorizin or insulin treatment, but after a delay of several hours. From this work we conclude that GLUT-2 gene expression is dramatically and rapidly (< 6 h) decreased by portal hyperinsulinaemia and increased by hyperglycaemia.

scholarly journals Effect of Streptozotocin on Plasma Insulin Levels of Rats and Mice: A Meta-analysis Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burcu Koksal
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Effective Agent ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Plasma Insulin Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rats And Mice

BACKGROUND: In the studies focusing on diabetic organisms, Streprozotocine (STZ) is a frequently used agent to induce diabetes in rats and mice. However the current studies do not represent practical importance of their statistical findings. For showing practical importance of the differences in plasma insulin levels of diabetic rats and mice induced by STZ, there should be a statistical synthesis regarding statistical findings of the studies. AIM: The purpose of this study is to make a meta-analysis of the studies on the effect of STZ on plasma insulin levels in diabetic rats and mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study 39 effect sizes (37 studies) about levels of plasma insulin were analyzed by calculating individual effect sizes (d) and mean effect size.RESULTS: The effect sizes were between -13.7 and +65.3 and the mean effect size value (+9.33) represented a large effect indicating that STZ was an effective agent to significantly decrease plasma insulin levels of diabetic rats and mice.CONCLUSION: It can be said that the differences in plasma insulin levels between STZ-applied and no application groups has a practical importance in making animal model of diabetes.

scholarly journals Blood glucose, plasma insulin and sensory responses to guar-containing wheat breads: effects of molecular weight and particle size of guar gum

1991 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Ellis ◽  
Fathy M. Dawoud ◽  
Edwin R. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Sensory Qualities ◽  
Plasma Insulin Levels

The effectiveness of guar gum in reducing post-prandial blood glucose and plasma insulin levels in human subjects seems to depend mainly on its ability to increase the viscosity of digesta in the small intestine. However, the precise relationship between the rheological properties of guar gum (either in vitro or in vivo) and the changes in blood metabolites and hormones is unknown. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to investigate the effects of wheat breads containing guar gum samples varying in molecular weight (Mw) and particle size (characteristics that strongly influence the rheological properties of guar gum) on post-prandial blood glucose and plasma insulin levels in healthy subjects. The sensory qualities of breads containing guar-gum flours of different Mw were also evaluated using a hedonic scoring technique. No significant differences in the post-prandial blood glucose responses were found between the control and guar breads. However, all the guar breads elicited significant (P < 0.05) decreases in the post-prandial rise in plasma insulin, an effect that did not appear to be influenced by large variations in Mw or particle size of guar gum. Moreover, the sensory qualities of guar bread were markedly improved by using low Mw grades of guar gum.

scholarly journals Anti-Diabetic Potential of the Leaves of Anisomeles malabarica in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 1689-1702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peddanna Kotha ◽  
Kameswara Rao Badri ◽  
Ramya Nagalapuram ◽  
Rajasekhar Allagadda ◽  
Appa Rao Chippada
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Plasma Insulin Levels

Background/Aims: Diabetes mellitus is a pandemic metabolic disorder that is affecting a majority of populations in recent years. There is a requirement for new drugs that are safer and cheaper due to the side effects associated with the available medications. Methods: We investigated the anti-diabetic activity of leaves of Anisomeles malabarica following bioactivity guided fractionation. The different solvent (hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water) extracts of A. malabarica leaves were used in acute treatment studies to evaluate and identify the active fraction. The ethyl acetate extract was subjected to further fractionation using silica gel column chromatography and the compounds were identified by LC-SRM/MS and GC-MS. Additional chronic treatment studies were carried out using this active fraction (AMAF) for 30 days in experimental diabetic rats. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), plasma insulin levels and glucose tolerance were measured along with insulin resistance/sensitivity indicators (HOMA-IR, HOMA-β and QUICKI) to assess the beneficial effects of A. malabarica in the management of diabetes mellitus. Results: Among the different solvent extracts tested, ethyl acetate extract showed maximum (66%) anti-hyperglycemic activity. The hexane and ethyl acetate (1: 1) fraction that has maximum anti-diabetic activity was identified as active fraction of A. malabarica (AMAF). The FBG, HbA1c, plasma insulin levels and insulin sensitivity/resistance indicators such as glucose tolerance, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β and QUICKI were significantly improved to near normal in diabetic rats treated with AMAF. Further, we identified key flavonoids and fatty acids as the anti-diabetic active principles from the AMAF of A. malabarica leaves. Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that Anisomeles malabarica has potential anti-diabetic activity in STZ induced diabetic rats.

Letters to the Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-372
Author(s):  
Marvin Cornblath ◽  
Allan Drash
Keyword(s):  
Islet Cell ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Cell Adenoma ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Portal Plasma ◽  
Plasma Insulin Levels

In reply to Dr. Ehrlich's questions, we only wish that life would be as simple as he implied. The association of increased peripheral venous insulin values with islet cell adenoma is by no means universal in adults. In a child with multiple islet cell adenomata (Pediatrics, 39:59, 1967) , fasting plasma insulins as well as those following glucose, tolbutamide, and leucine, were not abnormally elevated. No other studies of peripheral or portal plasma insulin levels in infants or children with islet cell adenoma are known to us.

Strength training increases insulin action in healthy 50- to 65-yr-old men

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 1122-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Miller ◽  
R. E. Pratley ◽  
A. P. Goldberg ◽  
P. Gordon ◽  
M. Rubin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Glucose Clamp ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Plasma Insulin Levels

The insulin resistance associated with aging may be due, in part, to reduced levels of physical activity in the elderly. We hypothesized that strength training increases insulin action in older individuals. To test this hypothesis, 11 healthy men 50–63 yr old [mean 58 +/- 1 (SE) yr] underwent a two-step hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic glucose clamp with concurrent indirect calorimetry and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before and after 16 wk of strength training. The training program increased overall strength by 47% (P < 0.001). Fat-free mass (FFM; measured by hydrodensitometry) increased (62.4 +/- 2.1 vs. 63.6 +/- 2.1 kg; P < 0.05) and body fat decreased (27.2 +/- 1.8 vs. 25.6 +/- 1.9%; P < 0.001) with training. Fasting plasma glucose levels and glucose levels during the OGTT were not significantly lower after training. In contrast, fasting plasma insulin levels decreased (85 +/- 25 vs. 55 +/- 10 pmol/l; P < 0.05) and insulin levels decreased (P < 0.05, analysis of variance) during the OGTT. Glucose infusion rates during the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic glucose clamp increased 24% (13.5 +/- 1.7 vs. 16.7 +/- 2.2 mumol.kg FFM-1.min-1; P < 0.05) during the low (20 mU.m-2.min-1) insulin infusion and increased 22% (55.7 +/- 3.3 vs. 67.7 +/- 3.9 mumol.kg FFM-1.min-1; P < 0.05) during the high (100 mU.m-2.min-1) insulin infusion. These increases were accompanied by a 40% increase (n = 7; P < 0.08) in nonoxidative glucose metabolism during the high insulin infusion. These results demonstrate that strength training increases insulin action and lowers plasma insulin levels in middle-aged and older men.

scholarly journals Sex related diurnal variations in venous blood glucose and plasma insulin levels effects of estrogens in men

Diabetologia ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 725-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hautecouverture ◽  
G. Slama ◽  
R. Assan ◽  
G. Tchobroutsky
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Plasma Insulin Levels
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document