scholarly journals Developmental changes in carnitine palmitoyltransferases I and II gene expression in intestine and liver of suckling rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 306 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Asins ◽  
D Serra ◽  
G Arias ◽  
F G Hegardt
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Appreciable Change ◽  
Suckling Rats ◽  
Mother's Milk ◽  
Cpt I ◽  
Carnitine Palmitoyltransferases

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) I is expressed in the intestine of suckling rats; its mRNA increases very rapidly after birth, remains on a plateau until day 18 and decreases until weaning, when basal (adult) values are reached, which remain unchanged thereafter. CPT II mRNA values do not show any appreciable change in this period. CPT I and CPT II are expressed mainly in mucosa and, to a lesser extent, in the muscular part of the intestine. Intestinal expression of CPT I is maximal in duodenum and jejunum, whereas CPT II is expressed in a similar pattern throughout the whole intestine. Dam's milk may influence the intestinal expression of CPT I, since mRNA levels at birth are low but increase after the first lactation. Moreover, rats weaned at either day 18 or 21 decrease their mRNA levels. Apparently, CPT II gene expression is not influenced by the mother's milk. CPT I and CPT II are also expressed in the liver of suckling rats. Hepatic CPT I is maximal at day 3, and levels of CPT II mRNA do not change, in a similar fashion to that in intestine. The profile of expression of CPT I in liver and intestine strongly resembles that previously reported for mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA synthase.

scholarly journals Developmental changes in mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase gene expression in rat liver, intestine and kidney

1993 ◽  
Vol 292 (2) ◽  
pp. 493-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Thumelin ◽  
M Forestier ◽  
J Girard ◽  
J P Pegorier
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Kidney Cortex ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Suckling Rats ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Foetal Life

The tissue-specific expression of the mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) synthase gene was studied in 15-day-old suckling rats. The mRNA and protein were present in liver, intestine and kidney, but were absent from brain, heart, skeletal muscles, brown and white adipose tissues. Kidney-cortex mitochondria from suckling rats were able to produce low amounts of ketone bodies from oleate. Hepatic, intestinal and renal HMG-CoA synthase mRNA levels increased slowly during foetal life and markedly after birth. The postnatal increase in liver HMG-CoA synthase mRNA could be due to the increase in plasma glucagon levels, since it rapidly induced the accumulation of HMG-CoA synthase mRNA in cultured foetal hepatocytes. Hepatic, intestinal and renal HMG-CoA synthase mRNA levels remained elevated throughout the suckling period or in rats weaned on to a high-fat carbohydrate-free diet (HF), but decreased by 50% in the liver and totally disappeared from the intestine and the kidney of rats weaned on to a high-carbohydrate low-fat diet (HC). When HC-weaned rats were fed on a HF-diet for a week, HMG-CoA synthase mRNA was re-induced in the intestine and the kidney. The role of hormones and nutrients in the regulation of HMG-CoA synthase gene expression is discussed.

scholarly journals Gene expression of enzymes regulating ketogenesis and fatty acid metabolism in regenerating rat liver

1994 ◽  
Vol 299 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Asins ◽  
J L Rosa ◽  
D Serra ◽  
G Gil-Gómez ◽  
J Ayté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Surgical Stress ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase I ◽  
Cpt I ◽  
Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase Ii

Levels of mRNA for mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) synthase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (CPT II), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and actin were analysed during liver regeneration. mRNA levels for mitochondrial HMG-CoA synthase decreased rapidly, reaching a minimum 12 h after partial hepatectomy and returning to normal at 24-36 h. In contrast, CPT I, CPT II and FAS mRNAs increased throughout the period examined. Expression of actin increased significantly during regeneration. Levels of mRNA for mitochondrial HMG-CoA synthase also decreased as a result of surgical stress, although the effect of hepatectomy was much greater. We determined the levels of mitochondrial HMG-CoA synthase using specific antibodies. The amount of protein rapidly decreased, although less markedly than the corresponding mRNA levels. These results show that the decrease described in ketogenesis in partially hepatectomized rats correlated with the decrease in the expression of mitochondrial HMG-CoA synthase, suggesting that this enzyme may also be a control point in ketogenesis in the regenerating liver, as it is in normal and diabetic rats.

Pulmonary and systemic vascular tissue collagen, growth factor, and cytokine gene expression in the rabbit

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 400-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaques Belik ◽  
Brad Karpinka ◽  
David A Hart
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Collagen I ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Collagen Gene ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Intravascular Pressure

During development, the vascular wall composition of the pulmonary and systemic capacitance vessels and their intravascular pressure changes. Little is known, however, about the factors controlling vascular collagen gene expression in both circulations during growth and development. The purpose of this study was to compare the developmental changes in collagen, major growth factors, and cytokines gene expression, in order to ascertain whether a circulation specific pattern is present in the rabbit. Fetal, neonatal, and adult rabbit extrapulmonary and aortic tissues were obtained and the mRNA levels for collagen I and III, as well as major growth factors and cytokines, were measured by a semi-quantitative RT-PCR technique. Collagen I, but not collagen III, expression was developmentally regulated in pulmonary vascular and aorta tissues. Collagen I expression was greatest during the fetal and neonatal period (P < 0.01) and higher in the aorta as compared with the pulmonary artery at these ages (P < 0.05). Significant developmental changes in growth factor mRNA levels were observed for TGF-beta, IGF-2, and bFGF (P < 0.01). IGF-2 mRNA levels significantly declined in both arteries from neonatal to adult, but bFGF increased only in the pulmonary artery during this transition. With regards to inducible enzymes, COX-2 mRNA levels changed developmentally, whereas iNOS mRNA levels were similar for both vessels at all ages. When comparing the two vessels, COX-2 transcripts were relatively more abundant in the adult pulmonary artery tissue and fetal aorta, with similar levels in the newborn. We conclude that circulation specific developmental regulation of collagen gene expression is present in the rabbit in a pattern that is unrelated to the intravascular pressure. Key words: developmental changes, vascular, collagen, mRNA expression, growth factors.

scholarly journals A potent PPARα agonist stimulates mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation in liver and skeletal muscle

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (2) ◽  
pp. E270-E279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Minnich ◽  
Nian Tian ◽  
Lisa Byan ◽  
Glenda Bilder
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid ◽  
Cpt I ◽  
Pparα Agonist

The proposed mechanism for the triglyceride (TG) lowering by fibrate drugs is via activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα). Here we show that a PPARα agonist, ureido-fibrate-5 (UF-5), ∼200-fold more potent than fenofibric acid, exerts TG-lowering effects (37%) in fat-fed hamsters after 3 days at 30 mg/kg. In addition to lowering hepatic apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) gene expression by ∼60%, UF-5 induces hepatic mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I) expression. A 3-wk rising-dose treatment results in a greater TG-lowering effect (70%) at 15 mg/kg and a 2.3-fold elevation of muscle CPT I mRNA levels, as well as effects on hepatic gene expression. UF-5 also stimulated mitochondrial [3H]palmitate β-oxidation in vitro in human hepatic and skeletal muscle cells 2.7- and 1.6-fold, respectively, in a dose-related manner. These results suggest that, in addition to previously described effects of fibrates on apoC-III expression and on peroxisomal fatty acid (FA) β-oxidation, PPARα agonists stimulate mitochondrial FA β-oxidation in vivo in both liver and muscle. These observations suggest an important mechanism for the biological effects of PPARα agonists.

Developmental Changes in the Phospho(enol)pyruvate Carboxykinase Gene Expression in Small Intestine and Liver of Suckling Rats

1996 ◽  
Vol 329 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermina Asins ◽  
Dolors Serra ◽  
Angel Miliar ◽  
Concepción Caudevilla ◽  
Raquel Matas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Suckling Rats

scholarly journals Expression of the rat liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT-Iα) gene is regulated by Sp1 and nuclear factor Y: chromosomal localization and promoter characterization

1999 ◽  
Vol 340 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. STEFFEN ◽  
Wilbur R. HARRISON ◽  
Frederick F. B. ELDER ◽  
George A. COOK ◽  
Edwards A. PARK
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Proximal Promoter ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Membrane Expression ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Nuclear Factor Y ◽  
Specific Regulation ◽  
Cpt I

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)-I catalyses the transfer of long-chain fatty acids from CoA to carnitine for translocation across the mitochondrial inner membrane. Expression of the ‘liver’ isoform of the CPT-I gene (CPT-Iα) is subject to developmental, hormonal and tissue-specific regulation. To understand the basis for control of CPT-Iα gene expression, we have characterized the proximal promoter of the CPT-Iα gene. Here, we report the sequence of 6839 base pairs of the promoter and the localization of the rat CPT-Iα gene to region q43 on chromosome 1. Our studies show that the first 200 base pairs of the promoter are sufficient to drive transcription of the CPT-Iα gene. Within this region are two sites that bind both Sp1 and Sp3 transcription factors. In addition, nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) binds the proximal promoter. Mutation at the Sp1 or NF-Y sites severely decreases transcription from the CPT-Iα promoter. Other protein binding sites were identified within the first 200 base pairs of the promoter by DNase I footprinting, and these elements contribute to CPT-Iα gene expression. Our studies demonstrate that CPT-Iα is a TATA-less gene which utilizes NF-Y and Sp proteins to drive basal expression.

Developmental Changes in Carnitine Octanoyltransferase Gene Expression in Intestine and Liver of Suckling Rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 385 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Miliar ◽  
Dolors Serra ◽  
Ricardo Casaroli ◽  
Senén Vilaró ◽  
Guillermina Asins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Suckling Rats
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document