Late Hypoalbuminaemia and Albumin Metabolism in Paraplegic and Tetraplegic Patients

1972 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ranløv ◽  
N. Rossing ◽  
M. Schwartz ◽  
B. Eskesen ◽  
G. Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Average Rate ◽  
Colloid Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Fractional Catabolic Rate ◽  
Albumin Synthesis ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Catabolic Rate ◽  
Plasma Albumin Concentration

1. Plasma albumin concentration was decreased in thirty-five of eighty-six mobilized para- or tetra-plegic patients studied months or years after injury to the spinal cord causing a medullary cross-sectional syndrome. The colloid osmotic pressure was low in thirty-one of eighty-one patients in whom it was measured. Plasma volume was normal in thirty and slightly elevated in three of thirty-three patients in whom it was determined. None had oedema at the time of the investigation. 2. Albumin metabolism was studied in ten patients by means of 131I-labelled albumin. Six of these had a decreased plasma albumin concentration. This was probably caused by an increased fractional catabolic rate, although a statistically significant causal relationship could not be demonstrated. 3. in spite of the low plasma albumin concentration normal compensatory mechanisms such as an increase in rate of albumin synthesis and shift of albumin from the extravascular to the intravascular compartment were not found. On the contrary, for unexplained reasons, the average rate of synthesis and the ratio intravascular/total albumin mass were both decreased.

scholarly journals Synthesis rate of plasma albumin is a good indicator of liver albumin synthesis in sepsis

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (2) ◽  
pp. E244-E251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Ruot ◽  
Denis Breuillé ◽  
Fabienne Rambourdin ◽  
Gerard Bayle ◽  
Pierre Capitan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Liver Protein ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Albumin Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Fractional Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Albumin Concentration

Plasma albumin is well known to decrease in response to inflammation. The rate of albumin synthesis from both liver and plasma was measured in vivo by use of a large dose ofl-[2H3-14C]valine in rats injected intravenously with live Escherichia coli and in pair-fed control rats during the acute-phase period (2 days postinfection). The plasma albumin concentration was reduced by 50% in infected rats compared with pair-fed animals. Infection induced a fall in both liver albumin mRNA levels and albumin synthesis relative to total liver protein synthesis. However, absolute liver albumin synthesis rate (ASR) was not affected by infection. In plasma, albumin fractional synthesis rate was increased by 50% in infected animals compared with pair-fed animals. The albumin ASR estimated in the plasma was similar in the two groups. These results suggest that hypoalbuminemia is not due to reduced albumin synthesis during sepsis. Moreover, liver and plasma albumin ASR were similar. Therefore, albumin synthesis measured in the plasma is a good indicator of liver albumin synthesis.

Albumin Metabolism in Chronic Renal Failure

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Coles ◽  
D. K. Peters ◽  
J. Henry Jones
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Albumin Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Normal Mean ◽  
Plasma Albumin Concentration

1. Plasma albumin concentration was measured in fifty-eight patients with chronic renal failure. The mean value was 3·27 g/100 ml (SD 0·44 g/100 ml; range 2·4–4·3 g/100 ml) which is significantly lower (P < 0·001) than normal (mean 3·94 g/100 ml; SD 0·23 g/100 ml; range 3·5–4·4 g/100 ml). In thirty-eight of the fifty-eight patients (65%), plasma albumin concentration was below the normal range. Treatment by maintenance haemodialysis or renal transplantation usually corrected the hypoalbuminaemia. 2. Radioactive iodine-labelled albumin turnover was investigated in twelve patients. Although plasma albumin concentration was reduced in eight of the twelve patients, the plasma half-life (T½) of the labelled albumin was normal or increased in all but one of these patients. Fractional and absolute albumin degradation rates (which include urinary albumin loss) were reduced in six of the twelve patients. In two of the four patients with normal plasma albumin concentrations the fractional albumin degradation rate was reduced. 3. Albumin synthesis was estimated by measuring the rate of incorporation into plasma proteins of 14C in two patients on a 20 g protein diet. The values were low in both. 4. Albumin catabolism and albumin synthesis were normal in two patients who had been on regular haemodialysis for 5 and 8 weeks respectively. 5. We conclude that these abnormalities in albumin metabolism were probably due to severe protein depletion, induced either by prolonged anorexia and vomiting or by deliberate restriction of protein in the diet in the course of treatment.

Plasma protein synthesis in patients with low-grade nephrotic proteinuria

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (4) ◽  
pp. E591-E597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Zanetti ◽  
Rocco Barazzoni ◽  
Giacomo Garibotto ◽  
Gloria Davanzo ◽  
Carlo Gabelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Nephrotic Proteinuria ◽  
Plasma Albumin Concentration ◽  
Normal Albumin ◽  
Secretion Rates

Overt nephrotic syndrome is characterized by albumin and fibrinogen hyperproduction and reduced very low density lipoprotein apolipoprotein B-100 (VLDL apoB-100) clearance. Whether similar changes also occur in low-grade proteinuria is not known. Thus we measured albumin, fibrinogen, and VLDL apoB-100 kinetics in six patients with modest proteinuria and normal creatinine clearance (P) and in ten control subjects (C) by leucine tracer infusion and precursor-product relationships. In P, plasma albumin concentration was decreased ( P < 0.003), whereas concentrations of fibrinogen and VLDL apoB-100 were increased ( P < 0.001). In P, albumin fractional secretion rate (FSR) was increased ( P < 0.01), fibrinogen FSR was normal, and VLDL apoB-100 FSR was decreased ( P < 0.03). As a result, in P, absolute secretion rates (ASR) of albumin and fibrinogen were increased ( P < 0.03), whereas VLDL apoB-100 ASR was normal. Albumin FSR was inversely correlated to oncotic pressure in P but not in C. These findings suggest that low-grade nephrotic proteinuria is characterized by simultaneous multiple alterations in turnover rates of albumin, fibrinogen, and VLDL apoB-100. Their pathogenesis, however, appears to be multifactorial.

Dietary Manipulation of Plasma Albumin Concentration

1983 ◽  
Vol 113 (9) ◽  
pp. 1791-1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Lunn ◽  
S. Austin
Keyword(s):  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Dietary Manipulation ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Plasma Albumin Concentration

Elevated pulmonary lymph flow and protein content during status epilepticus in sheep

1982 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Simon ◽  
L. L. Bayne ◽  
R. F. Tranbaugh ◽  
F. R. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Lymph Flow ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Plasma Albumin Concentration

The pathophysiology of postictal pulmonary edema was investigated by inducing seizures with bicuculline in nine paralyzed, halothane-anesthetized sheep and measuring of pulmonary lymphatic flow, pulmonary arterial and left atrial pressures, and lymph and plasma albumin concentration. Pulmonary microvascular pressure and transcapillary albumin conductance were calculated. Seizures transiently (less than 15 min) elevated microvascular pressure in all animals; lymph flow increased greater than twofold in response to the increased hydrostatic driving force. However, the elevation in lymph flow, with a stable lymph-to-plasma protein ratio and doubled transcapillary albumin conductance, persisted for the duration of the experiment, more than 3 h after microvascular pressure returned to base line. These changes were neurally mediated because they were blocked by cervical spinal cord transection in four additional animals.

Seasonal changes in plasma concentrations of proteins, urea, glucose, calcium and phosphorus in sheep grazing a hill pasture and their relationship to changes in body composition

1974 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Sykes ◽  
A. C. Field
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Plasma Albumin Concentration

SUMMARYThe seasonal changes in plasma concentrations of albumin, globulin, transferrin, urea, Ca, P and glucose were measured in 59 Scottish Blackface sheep grazing a hill pasture. The sheep were classified according to age and state of permanent incisor dentition into four groups. Sheep were slaughtered at mating (November), mid-lactation (June) and in the late dry period (November), and the changes in plasma constituents related to changes in body composition. A protein-free supplement was offered during late pregnancy.Another group of sheep was used in the subsequent year to investigate the significance of helminth infections on such pastures.Plasma albumin concentration fell from 32·0 g/1 in all sheep in early pregnancy to 17·5–19·5 g/1 in late pregnancy and early lactation in 5½- to 6½-year-old animals. Younger animals (2½ year old) maintained higher (23·0 g/1) levels at these latter times. The extent of the decrease in plasma albumin concentration of the groups was related to the loss of N from their soft tissues during the same period.Plasma volume increased from 2·10 to 2·491 between early pregnancy and midlactation (45 and 66 ml/kg body weight respectively). The increase in volume was considered to account for the reduction in the concentration of plasma globulin which took place during this period.Plasma urea-N concentrations were extremely low (50—60mg/l) between February and April and had fallen from their highest values (240 mg/1) in August to 150 mg/1 by the following November. It is argued that the fall in albumin concentration which occurred in early pregnancy, coupled with the extremely low urea-N concentration, reflects a very low digestible crude protein intake during most of pregnancy.Transferrin concentration followed a similar seasonal pattern to urea. The concentration was extremely low in February (2·2–2·4 g/1), highest in August (3·45 g/1) and had fallen by November (3·0 g/1). The value of transferrin as a nutritional index is discussed.Regular dosing with anthelminthic of sheep on these pastures had a beneficial effect on plasma albumin concentrations, particularly during critical nutritional periods, namely late pregnancy and lactation.Plasma glucose, Ca and P concentrations were of no value in monitoring the nutritional status of the animal with respect to these nutrients.

scholarly journals Erratum to: Characterizing plasma albumin concentration changes in TB/HIV patients on anti retroviral and anti –tuberculosis therapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuteesa R Bisaso ◽  
Joel S Owen ◽  
Francis W Ojara ◽  
Proscovia M Namuwenge ◽  
Apollo Mugisha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Tuberculosis Therapy ◽  
Plasma Albumin Concentration
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