Effect of Zinc on Leucocyte Sodium Transport In Vitro

1978 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Patrick ◽  
J. Michael ◽  
M. N. Golden ◽  
B. E. Golden ◽  
P. J. Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Sodium Transport ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Culture Fluid ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Cell Water ◽  
Sodium Influx ◽  
Sodium Efflux

1. In a preparation of human leucocytes maintained in tissue culture fluid, increasing the extracellular zinc concentration leads to a significant increase in both ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux and in sodium influx. 2. Cell water and sodium content do not alter significantly with increasing extracellular zinc concentration. 3. A small increase in the ouabain-insensitive sodium efflux can be demonstrated when the external zinc concentration is raised from 0·75 μmol/l to 90 μmol/l.

Relationship between plasma growth hormone concentration and cellular sodium transport in acromegaly

1992 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Herlitz ◽  
Olof Jonsson ◽  
Bengt-Åke Bengtsson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Sodium Transport ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Plasma Growth Hormone ◽  
Sodium Influx ◽  
Active Acromegaly ◽  
One Year ◽  
Plasma Gh

We investigated the relationship between mean plasma growth hormone (GH) concentration and cellular sodium transport in untreated and treated acromegaly. Seventeen patients (age 55±3 years) with active acromegaly were studied with respect to plasma GH (mean of 24 h GH profile) and erythrocyte electrolyte content as well as transmembrane sodium transport. The patients were reinvestigated two weeks after successful surgery (N=14) and again after one year (N=13). Erythrocyte electrolytes were analyzed by flame photometry and sodium influx and efflux rate constant determined by in vitro incubation using a modified Keyne's formula. In patients with active acromegaly there was a significant positive correlation between IGF-1 and cellular sodium transport, while GH tended to show a negative relationship to the same parameter. After successful treatment, both IGF-1 and GH disclosed a positive relationship to cellular sodium transport. After one year, a significant increase in erythrocyte sodium content was seen in the patients compared to the preoperative situation. In conclusion, if this is a generalized phenomenon the results are compatible with a sodium-retaining effect of GH via stimulation of transmembrane sodium transport. In active acromegaly this may be counteracted by a sodium transport inhibitor giving the reverse relationship between GH and cellular sodium transport.

Studies of Sodium Transport in Thymocytes of Rats with DOC/Salt Hypertension

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (s8) ◽  
pp. 65s-67s ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Jones ◽  
J. Patrick ◽  
P. J. Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
Sodium Transport ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Intracellular Sodium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efflux Rate ◽  
Sodium Influx ◽  
Sodium Efflux ◽  
Efflux Rate Constant

1. Sodium transport and intracellular sodium content were studied in thymocytes of rats made hypertensive by treatment for 4 or 8 weeks with deoxycorticosterone (DOC) and salt (DOC/salt). 2. The systolic blood pressure in the DOC/salt animals was 152 ± sem 3 and 189 ± 3 mmHg after 4 and 8 weeks' treatment respectively. This was significantly higher than pressures in their respective controls (124 ± 4 and 126 ± 5 mmHg), which had been given 1% sodium chloride solution (171 mmol/l) only. 3. The total sodium efflux rate constant in the DOC/salt rats was lower than that in the control group after 8 weeks of treatment (5.56 ± sem 0.21 vs 6.12 ± 0.11 h−1; P < 0.05) but not after 4 weeks of treatment (5.93 ± 0.13 vs 6.32 ± 0.13 h−1;0.1 > P > 0.05). 4. Intracellular sodium content in the DOC/salt rats was significantly higher than that of the control animals after 8 weeks' treatment (49.6 ± 2.5 vs 42.1 ± 1.0 mmol/kg dry weight; P < 0.05). 5. No significant changes were observed in intracellular potassium content, sodium influx or ouabain-insensitive sodium efflux rate constant.

Effect of Extracellular Potassium on the Transport of Sodium and Potassium in Rat Thymocytes

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Jones ◽  
J. Patrick ◽  
P. J. Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Extracellular Potassium ◽  
Sodium Influx ◽  
Potassium Efflux ◽  
Sodium Efflux ◽  
Extracellular Potassium Concentration ◽  
External Potassium ◽  
Potassium Influx ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

1. The effect of extracellular potassium on the transport of sodium and potassium in rat thymocytes has been studied in vitro. 2. A significant increase in the rate constant for total and ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux was demonstrated at an extracellular potassium concentration of 1 mmol/l as compared with that at either 0 or 2 mmol/l. 3. At potassium concentrations below 3 mmol/l ouabain-sensitive sodium influx was observed suggesting sodium-sodium exchange catalysed by the sodium pump. 4. Both total and ouabain-insensitive potassium efflux rose with external potassium. A small ouabain-sensitive potassium efflux was observed at all levels of external potassium studied. 5. Total and ouabain-insensitive potassium influx increased with external potassium, but did not appear to saturate. Ouabain-sensitive potassium influx reached a maximum at an external potassium concentration of 2 mmol/l then decreased with increasing external potassium.

Effects of Serum from Patients with Fulminant Hepatic Failure on Leucocyte Sodium Transport

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Sewell ◽  
R. D. Hughes ◽  
Lucilla Poston ◽  
Roger Williams
Keyword(s):  
Fulminant Hepatic Failure ◽  
Sodium Transport ◽  
Hepatic Failure ◽  
Elution Profile ◽  
Sodium Efflux ◽  
Polyacrylonitrile Membrane ◽  
Normal Controls

1. Serum from patients with fulminant hepatic failure inhibits the ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux in leucocytes. A 1:100 dilution of the serum was necessary before the inhibition became undetectable. 2. Dialysates of the serum through cuprophane in vitro and polyacrylonitrile haemodialysis in vivo were inhibitory in small amounts. 3. Ultrafiltrates (<10 000 daltons) of serum were chromatographed on Sephadex G-25 and the elution profile obtained from patients with fulminant hepatic failure was both qualitatively and quantitatively different from that of normal controls. Material from peaks 3, 4, 5 and 7 in patients with fulminant hepatic failure inhibited leucocyte sodium transport. 4. The dialysate from haemodialysis with the polyacrylonitrile membrane contained most peaks, particularly peaks 4 and 5. Adsorption of serum with polymer coated charcoal in vitro largely removed peaks 5−8.

scholarly journals Rapid decrease in cellular sodium and chloride content during cold incubation of cultured liver endothelial cells and hepatocytes

1997 ◽  
Vol 322 (3) ◽  
pp. 693-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elke R. GIZEWSKI ◽  
Ursula RAUEN ◽  
Michael KIRSCH ◽  
Irith REUTERS ◽  
Herbert DIEDERICHS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Surprising Result ◽  
Sodium Influx ◽  
Sodium Efflux ◽  
Uw Solution ◽  
Liver Endothelial Cells

Hypothermia, as used for organ preservation in transplantation medicine, is generally supposed to lead to an intracellular accumulation of sodium, and subsequently of chloride, via inhibition of the Na+/K+-ATPase. However, on studying the cellular sodium concentration of cultured liver endothelial cells using fluorescence microscopy, we found a 55% decrease in the cellular sodium concentration after 30 min of cold incubation in University of Wisconsin (UW) solution. To confirm this surprising result, we set up a capillary electrophoresis method that allowed us to determine the cellular contents of inorganic cations and of inorganic anions. Using this method we measured a decrease in the cellular sodium content from 104±11 to 55±4 nmol/mg of protein, accompanied by a decrease in the chloride content from 71±9 to 25±5 nmol/mg of protein, after 30 min of cold incubation in UW solution. When the endothelial cells were incubated in cold Krebs–Henseleit buffer or in cold cell culture medium instead of UW solution, similar early decreases in cellular sodium and chloride contents were observed, thus excluding the possibility of the decreases being dependent on the preservation solution used. Furthermore, experiments with cultured rat hepatocytes yielded a similar decrease in sodium content during initiation of cold incubation in UW solution, so the decrease does not appear to be cell-specific either. These results suggest that, contrary to current opinion, sodium efflux predominates over sodium influx during the early phase of cold incubation of cells.

Water and Sodium Turnover in Coastal and Inlnad Populations of the Ash-Grey Mouse, in Western Austrlia

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 519 ◽  
Author(s):  
KD Morris ◽  
SD Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Coastal Habitat ◽  
Sodium Influx ◽  
Sodium Efflux ◽  
Water Influx ◽  
Water Efflux

The water and sodium turnovers of a coastal and an inland population of P. albocinereus were studied seasonally. Although the inland habitat receives considerably less rain and sodium than the coastal habitat, water turnover rates were significantly lower only in May and sodium turnover lower only in August. Water influx rates were lowest at both locations during the summer months, positively correlated with the water content of the vegetation and positively correlated with the amount of rain received in the 30 days before each sampling period. Water efflux rates were negatively correlated with urine osmolality. Sodium influx rates were highest during the summer months and were correlated with the sodium content of the vegetation but not with the sodium deposited in the study areas. Sodium efflux rates were positively correlated with the urine sodium concentration. During the dry months, water and sodium influxes are linked; this is not apparent during the wetter months. The utilization of arthropods for food during the summer months is seen as contributing to the maintenance of water balance during a period when the vegetation is low in water. Both populations breed in late spring, with young animals growing during the summer months, and water and sodium influx rates exceed efflux rates during this period.

A Study In Vitro of the Sodium Pump in Fulminant Hepatic Failure

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Alam ◽  
Lucilla Poston ◽  
S. P. Wilkinson ◽  
C. G. Golindano ◽  
R. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Fulminant Hepatic Failure ◽  
Hepatic Failure ◽  
Sodium Pump ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Atp Content ◽  
Efflux Rate ◽  
Sodium Efflux ◽  
Reduced Activity

1. The mechanism underlying the raised leucocyte sodium content in fulminant hepatic failure was studied by measurement of sodium fluxes, (Na+ + K+)-dependent adenosine triphosphatase activity, and leucocyte ATP content. 2. The rate constant for sodium efflux in the leucocytes was significantly reduced, and attributable to reduced activity of the enzyme (Na+ + K+)-ATPase. Leucocyte ATP content was not significantly different from that of control cells. 3. Incubation of cells from patients in the sera of normal subjects resulted in a reversal of these changes. Inhibition of the leucocyte sodium efflux rate constants and (Na+ + K+)-ATPase of normal cells was achieved by incubation in sera from patients. 4. We suggest that the raised sodium content of leucocytes in fulminant hepatic failure is attributable to a defective sodium pumping mechanism, possibly due to a circulating toxin.

Erythrocyte Sodium and Potassium in Patients with Hypokalaemia

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cumberbatch ◽  
D. B. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Extracellular Potassium ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Sodium Efflux ◽  
Erythrocyte Sodium ◽  
Curvilinear Relation ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

1. The erythrocyte content of sodium and of potassium were measured in 231 unselected patients with hypokalaemia, and together with net ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux in patients with severe hypokalaemia, before (20 patients) and during potassium repletion (14 patients). 2. The erythrocytes of the patients with hypokalaemia compared with control subjects had on average an increase in sodium content, a decrease in potassium content and a reduction in the rate constant of ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux. All three changes had a similar curvilinear relation to the concentration of potassium in plasma with relatively little change in the measured variable unless the plasma potassium was very low. 3. There was a similar curvilinear relation between the final sodium and potassium content of normal erythrocytes and the potassium concentration of the medium in which they were incubated for 48 h in vitro. 4. These results suggest that the changes in the sodium and potassium content of erythrocytes in hypokalaemia are due to a direct inhibiting effect of the hypokalaemia on the activity of the sodium pump. 5. In many patients with hypokalaemia of moderate degree the increase in erythrocyte sodium content was less than expected from the effect in vitro of a low extracellular potassium concentration. This finding suggests that a compensatory change, presumably an increase in the number of sodium pumps, is a common event even in moderate hypokalaemia.

Altered Membrane Sodium Transport and the Presence of a Plasma Ouabain-Like Inhibitory Factor in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia

1975 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
M. Afzal Mir ◽  
H. Bobinski
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Sodium Transport ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Sodium Influx ◽  
Sodium Efflux ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Electrolyte Disturbances ◽  
Similar Factor ◽  
Acute Myeloid

1. Sodium transport studies were performed in erythrocytes from normal subjects and from patients with acute myeloid leukaemia. Sodium influx and efflux rates were increased in erythrocytes from leukaemic patients. 2. The ouabain-sensitive component of sodium efflux was increased in leukaemic erythrocytes. 3. The high sodium efflux from leukaemic erythrocytes was decreased when the incubation media contained leukaemic plasma, suggesting the presence of an ouabain-like factor in the plasma. Paired experiments failed to show the presence of a similar factor in normal plasma. 4. Leukaemic erythrocytes showed a significantly greater ouabain uptake than the normal cells. 5. The results are discussed in relation to the widespread electrolyte disturbances in acute myeloid leukaemia.

The Effects of Chronic Hypokalaemia, Hyponatraemia, and Acid-Base Alterations on Erythrocyte Sodium Transport

1972 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Levin ◽  
F. C. Rector ◽  
D. W. Seldin
Keyword(s):  
Active Transport ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Large Component ◽  
Sodium Influx ◽  
Membrane Function ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Erythrocyte Sodium

1. Erythrocyte sodium concentration and fluxes were measured in patients with acid-base disturbances, hypokalaemia and hyponatraemia. Results were similar to those obtained with normal erythrocytes exposed to artificial in vitro alterations. 2. Erythrocyte sodium content and influx varied directly with extracellular bicarbonate which appeared to influence membrane permeability. 3. Hypokalaemia increased the erythrocyte sodium content by decreasing active transport initially. When a new high erythrocyte steady-state sodium concentration was reached, active transport returned to normal but efflux and influx were increased considerably by the appearance of a large component of exchange diffusion in the hypokalaemic environment. 4. Hyponatraemia induced a decrease in sodium influx secondary to the decreased transmembrane sodium concentration gradient. A decrease in erythrocyte sodium content then ensued. 5. The results are discussed in relation to the assessment of cell membrane function in disease states.

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