A Signal Detection Theory Analysis of the Effect of Chest Cage Restriction upon the Detection of Inspiratory Resistive Loads

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-421
Author(s):  
P. G. Narbed ◽  
D. Marcer ◽  
J. B. L. Howell ◽  
E. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Signal Detection Theory ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Detection Theory ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Load Detection ◽  
Resistive Loads ◽  
Willingness To Report ◽  
And Control

1. By the use of Signal Detection Theory techniques, resistive load detection sensitivity was estimated in six normal subjects, and compared with detection when the chest cage was strapped in the position of full expiration. 2. With chest cage restriction there was both a decrease in detection sensitivity and an increase in the willingness to report the presence of an added load to breathing. 3. This suggests that the similarity of detection in chest clamping and control previously reported was due partly to increased detection bias with chest clamping. 4. These results have implications concerning the dependence of detection on afferent information from the chest wall.

The Contribution of the Accelerating Phase of Inspiratory Flow to Resistive Load Detection in Man

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Narbed ◽  
D. Marcer ◽  
J. B. L. Howell
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Signal Detection Theory ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Load Detection ◽  
Flow Phase ◽  
Accelerating Flow

1. By the use of Signal Detection Theory techniques resistive load detection sensitivity was estimated in ten normal subjects during loading of the whole of inspiration and compared with loading restricted to the initial, accelerating phase of inspiratory air flow. 2. Detection sensitivity during the accelerating-flow phase of inspiration was not significantly different from that in the control conditions. 3. These results suggest that the information for detection is generated in the accelerating phase of inspiratory air flow. 4. We propose that the stimulus for resistive load detection is the ratio of the rate of change of pressure to the rate of change of flow.

Mechanism of detection of resistive loads in conscious humans

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 2267-2270 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Puddy ◽  
G. Giesbrecht ◽  
R. Sanii ◽  
M. Younes
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Intrathoracic Pressure ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Load Detection ◽  
Elastic Load ◽  
Resistive Loads ◽  
Source Of Information

Conscious humans easily detect loads applied to the respiratory system. Resistive loads as small as 0.5 cmH2O.l-1.s can be detected. Previous work suggested that afferent information from the chest wall served as the primary source of information for load detection, but the evidence for this was not convincing, and we recently reported that the chest wall was a relatively poor detector for applied elastic loads. Using the same setup of a loading device and body cast, we sought resistive load detection thresholds under three conditions: 1) loading of the total respiratory system, 2) loading such that the chest wall was protected from the load but airway and intrathoracic pressures experienced negative pressure in proportion to inspiratory flow, and 3) loading of the chest wall alone with no alteration of airway or intrathoracic pressure. The threshold for detection for the three types of load application in seven normal subjects was 1.17 +/- 0.33, 1.68 +/- 0.45, and 6.3 +/- 1.38 (SE) cmH2O.l-1.s for total respiratory system, chest wall protected, and chest wall alone, respectively. We conclude that the active chest wall is a less potent source of information for detection of applied resistive loads than structures affected by negative airway and intrathoracic pressure, a finding similar to that previously reported for elastic load detection.

Using Signal Detection Theory Indexes for the Experimental Manipulation of Emotional States

Methodology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Marques-Teixeira ◽  
Fernando Barbosa ◽  
Pedro R. Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Signal Detection Theory ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Detection Theory ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Sensitivity Indices

Classic studies regarding emotional processing, either in normal subjects or in pathological groups, rely on the basic assumption of a linear correspondence between stimuli input and perceived emotional information. This neglects the evidence that different experimental groups may perceive the same stimuli features differently. Thus, when emotional input is to act as an independent variable, it becomes fundamental to assure equivalent emotional loading in all groups under comparison, even if using different stimuli. This is not a commonly used procedure when studying emotion or its influence on other cognitive processes. In order to address this issue, a signal detection theory based methodology is presented, which permits measuring sensitivity indices for emotional stimuli, while controlling participants’ subjective criteria. This proposal may represent a useful methodological approach for the study of several emotion-related problems and albeit applicable to any group of subjects.

Resistive Load Detection during Passive Ventilation

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 493-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Killian ◽  
C. K. Mahutte ◽  
E. J. M. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Spontaneous Breathing ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Assisted Ventilation ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Load Detection ◽  
Resistive Loads

1. By using standard psychophysical techniques resistive load detection was estimated in five normal subjects during spontaneous breathing and during passive ventilation in a Drinker respirator. 2. During assisted ventilation a gross deterioration in resistive load detection occurred. 3. The findings imply that active respiratory muscle contraction plays an essential role in the detection of added resistive loads.

Superior laryngeal nerve blockade and inspiratory resistive load detection in normal subjects

1995 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 1567-1570 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Fitzpatrick ◽  
T. Zintel ◽  
M. Stockwell ◽  
J. Mink ◽  
C. G. Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Superior Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Detection Thresholds ◽  
Nerve Blockade ◽  
Load Detection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Resistive Loads

The site for detection of added inspiratory resistive loads is unknown, but recent evidence suggests that the airways may play an important role. The aim of this study was to discern whether the larynx has an important independent role in conscious detection of added inspiratory resistive loads. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study of the effect of superior laryngeal nerve blockade on inspiratory resistive load-detection threshold was carried out in 12 normal subjects (7 women; mean age 27.5 yr; range 18–45 yr). Baseline (preinjection) detection thresholds were similar on the lidocaine [0.58 +/- 0.16 (SE) cmH2O.l-1.s] and saline (0.53 +/- 0.12 cmH2O.l-1.s; P = 0.28) days. There was no significant difference in load-detection thresholds after injection between lidocaine (0.60 +/- 0.15 cmH2O.l-1.s) and saline (0.55 +/- 0.10 cmH2O.l-1.s; P = 0.68). Thus, the larynx does not appear to be an important independent airway site for conscious inspiratory resistive load detection.

So, Whatever Happened to Signal Detection Theory?

1995 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 972-972
Author(s):  
Jerome R. Busemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Signal Detection Theory ◽  
Detection Theory
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