Whole-body and site-specific bone remodelling in patients with previous femoral fractures: relationships between reduced physical activity, reduced bone mass and increased bone resorption

1992 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Wand ◽  
T. Smith ◽  
J. R. Green ◽  
R. Hesp ◽  
J. N. Bradbeer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Bone Remodelling ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Hydroxyproline Excretion ◽  
Body Bone

1. A new tracer method is described for the noninvasive measurement of bone formation in the proximal femur. The method is based on our previously described whole-body method using 85Sr as the tracer (Reeve, J., Hesp, R. & Wootton, R. Calcif. Tissue Res. 1976; 22, 191–206). It allows correction to be made for long-term exchange processes within the skeleton. 2. The method has been applied in a study of regional and whole-body bone formation in 12 rehabilitated patients who had previously suffered a fracture of the proximal femur. Twelve healthy control subjects were studied, who were selected for their good health and continued physical activity. The aim was to explore the relationship between bone formation and physical activity. 3. Bone formation was similar in the two groups, both regionally and in the whole body. Based on analyses of four cadaver specimens, bone formation in the proximal femur was about one and two-thirds times that in the whole skeleton when related to mass of calcium in the region of interest. 4. Whole-body bone resorption, estimated from five measurements per subject of hydroxyproline excretion in relation to creatinine excretion, was significantly higher in the fracture patients (P<0.01, Wilcoxon's test). 5. Estimates of current physical activity (and immediate pre-fracture physical activity) were made with a newly devised questionnaire. Historical levels of physical activity (at ages 15–45 years) were determined with Astrom's questionnaire. No bone formation index correlated with any index of physical activity. Urinary hydroxyproline excretion correlated inversely both with current physical activity and historical physical activity (for both regression coefficients P<0.01). 6. The results are discussed in the light of our current understanding of the control of bone remodelling by the discrete basic multicellular units of bone. The opportunity to study regional bone resorption by the additional use of serial dual X-ray absorptiometry of the same region will in future allow the direct monitoring of the effects of therapeutic interventions which have been designed to prevent contralateral hip fracture.

Physical activity increases bone formation and decreases bone resorption as assessed by biochemical markers of bone turnover

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (S1) ◽  
pp. 250-250
Author(s):  
HW Woitge ◽  
M Müller ◽  
P Bärtsch ◽  
B Friedmann ◽  
MJ Seibel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Markers Of Bone Turnover

The assessment of bone formation and bone resorption in osteoporosis: A comparison between tetracycline-based iliac histomorphometry and whole body 85Sr kinetics

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 479-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Reeve ◽  
Monique E. Arlot ◽  
Pascale M. Chavassieux ◽  
Claude Edouard ◽  
J.R. Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Whole Body

INFLUENCES OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND OVARIAN HORMONES ON WHOLE BODY BONE MINERAL DENSITY 1117

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
N. L. Constantino ◽  
S. V. Jaque ◽  
S. J. Underwood ◽  
R. A. Wiswell ◽  
E. T Schroeder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Ovarian Hormones ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Body Bone

scholarly journals Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Promoted Bone Mineralization and Inhibited Bone Resorption Which Reversed Glucocorticoids-Induced Osteoporosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Liu ◽  
Weiwei Tao ◽  
Wenjia Pan ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Qiong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Type I ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Hydroxysafflor Yellow A ◽  
Zebrafish Model

Glucocorticoids intake is the most common cause of secondary osteoporosis. Clinical studies have shown that 50% patients develop glucocorticoids-induced osteoporosis (GCIOP) after taking glucocorticoids for more than 6 months. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HYA) is one main active ingredient in Carthamus tinctorius L. Previous studies have shown that HYA promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts which promoted bone formation. Therefore, we speculated that HYA has a therapeutic effect on GCIOP. However, there is no in vivo evidence about the anti-GCIOP effect of HYA. In this paper, the effect of HYA (0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 μM) on bone formation in normal zebrafish was investigated firstly. Secondly, the reversal effect of HYA on GCIOP was also evaluated by zebrafish model. It is demonstrated that HYA not only promoted bone formation in normal zebrafish (compared to Control group), but also reversed glucocorticoid induced bone loss (compared to Prednisolone group) according to the intervention of HYA in upregulating the area of mineralized bones (p < 0.01), increasing cumulative optical density (p < 0.01), promoting bone formation related gene expression (AKP, Type I, Runx2, OPG, and OCN, p < 0.01), inhibiting bone resorption related gene expression (TRACP, p < 0.01), and elevating whole-body trace mineral elements (Ca, P, K, Mg, Zn, and Fe) levels (p < 0.01). In conclusion, HYA had the potential to prevent and heal GCIOP by promoting bone mineralization, osteoblasts viability, and bone collagen expression and inhibiting bone resorption.

scholarly journals Mechanical Loading Shows Anti-Myeloma Effects While Rescuing Bone Loss with Net Bone Formation in a Myeloma Bone Disease Murine Model

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 3164-3164
Author(s):  
Fani Ziouti ◽  
Maximilian Rummler ◽  
Andreas Brandl ◽  
Andreas Beilhack ◽  
Maureen Lynch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Bone Disease ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli

Abstract Osteolytic bone disease (BD) is a hallmark of multiple myeloma (MM) with tumor cells in the bone marrow shifting the balance of the bone remodeling process towards massive bone resorption. As a result, patients develop devastating osteolytic lesions that lead to non-healing bone fractures and pain, affecting life quality and mortality rates. Bones have the capacity to adapt mass and structure to mechanical stimuli, as dramatically seen in young tennis athletes with muscle-bone asymmetries in the playing arm. We have previously shown that tibial mechanical loading rescued bone loss in our murine MOPC315.BM MM model with an advanced osteolytic phenotype. Here, we hypothesize that mechanical strain (1) modulates the bone microenvironment and (2) has antitumor activity in mice. (1) We determined bone formation and bone resorption parameters by time-lapsed microCT analysis to show how skeletal mechanical stimuli control MM bone disease (MMBD) progression over time. (2) To monitor tumor progression, we used non-invasive bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of MOPC315.BM specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels. In our in vivo loading study, we injected MOPC315.BM cells intratibially (i.t.) in BALB/c mice to establish MMBD (n=17) and used PBS-injected (n=13) as well as noninjected mice (n=8) as controls. Eight (MM), seven (PBS) and 8 (noninjected) mice received compressive tibial loading for three weeks while nine (MM) and six (PBS) mice served as nonloaded controls. The bone remodeling response to mechanical loading was investigated by longitudinal in vivo microCT imaging performed every 5 days (at day 13, 18, 23, 28, and 33 after i.t. injection). MicroCT images from day 33 were geometrically registered onto images of day 13 and resampled into the same coordinate system using Amira and scripts written in Matlab for post-processing. Normalized newly mineralized and eroded bone volume (MV/BV, EV/BV), normalized formed and eroded bone surface area (MS/BS, ES/BS), mineralized thickness (MTh) and eroded depth (ED) were quantified. ANOVA was performed to examine the effect of loading and injection. Loading significantly increased the periosteal MV/BV, periosteal and endosteal MS/BS as well as decreased the periosteal EV/BV and periosteal and endocortical ES/BS. Endosteal MV/BV or EV/BV were not affected, which may be due to differences in the local strain environment at the two surfaces. In addition, mechanical stimuli did not influence ED, but led to diminished periosteal EV/BV and periosteal ES/BS suggesting fewer resorption sites in tibiae subjected to loading. Injection significantly affected periosteal and endosteal bone formation and resorption (Fig.1). Significant increases in cortical bone mass of loaded MM mice were accompanied by decreases in tumor load as evidenced by MOPC315.BM specific IgA levels (Fig. 2A). Interestingly, quantification of tibial and whole body bioluminescence signal intensities revealed controlled tumor growth in the loaded left tibia and a further delay of tumor cell dissemination throughout body of MM mice (Fig. 2B). Our data provide evidence that skeletal mechanical stimuli have anti-myeloma effects and rescue osteolytic bone loss in MMBD. The anabolic response to mechanical loads outweighs the anti-resorptive effect of MM cells, suggesting a combination of loading with bone resorption inhibitors in future therapeutic strategies. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Importance of Cross-Calibration When Replacing DXA Scanners: QDR4500W and Discovery Wi

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret K. Covey ◽  
Donald L. Smith ◽  
Jean K. Berry ◽  
Eileen D. Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Scan Data ◽  
Cross Calibration ◽  
Body Bone

The aim of the study was to determine reproducibility and extent of agreement between 2 dual-energy X-ray absorptiometers (Hologic QDR4500W, Discovery Wi). The average age of the sample (n = 42) was 50.4 (SD = 9.9) years old and 27.1 (SD = 6.1) kg/m2 body mass index. Four scans were performed with each subject (2 on each device) over ∼3 weeks. Whole body, proximal femur, and spine scans were performed at each visit. Major variables were whole body bone mineral content (BMC), fat mass, and nonosseous lean mass, and bone mineral density (BMD) of total proximal femur, femoral neck, total spine. Bland and Altman plots assessed the extent of the agreement. Regression analysis was used to develop correction equations if indicated. Both devices demonstrated good precision for whole body composition and BMD of central sites (<1% different). Interdevice agreement was acceptable for BMD of central sites (<1% different), but there were systematic differences for whole body composition between the 2 devices. It was concluded that when replacing an existing scanner with a new model, in vivo cross-calibration is important to ensure comparability of scan data, especially for whole body composition.

scholarly journals A Randomized Controlled Trial of Whole Body Vibration Exposure on Markers of Bone Turnover in Postmenopausal Women

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Turner ◽  
Margaret Torode ◽  
Mike Climstein ◽  
Geraldine Naughton ◽  
David Greene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vibration Exposure ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Low Magnitude

Purpose. To examine the effects of two doses of low-frequency (12 Hz), low-magnitude (0.3 g), whole body vibration on markers of bone formation and resorption in postmenopausal women.Methods. Women were recruited and randomized into a sham vibration control group, one time per week vibration group (1×/week), or three times per week vibration group (3×/week). Vibration exposure consisted of 20 minutes of intermittent vibration for the 1×/week and 3×/week groups, and sham vibration (<0.1 g) for the control group for eight weeks. Double-blinded primary outcome measures were urine markers of bone resorption: N-telopeptide X normalised to creatinine (NTx/Cr) and bone formation: bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (ALP).Results. Forty-six women (59.8 ± 6.2 years, median 7.3 years since menopause) were enrolled. NTx/Cr was significantly reduced (34.6%) in the 3×/wk vibration group but not in the 1×/wk vibration group compared with sham control (P<.01) group. No effect of time or group allocation was observed on the bone formation marker ALP (P=.27).Conclusion. We have shown for the first time that low-frequency, low-magnitude vibration 3×/week for eight weeks in postmenopausal women results in a significant reduction in NTx/Cr, a marker of bone resorption, when compared with sham vibration exposure.

scholarly journals Molecular understanding of pharmacological treatment of osteoporosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 158-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakae Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Bone Remodelling ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Anabolic Agents ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Turnover Process ◽  
Skeletal Integrity

Osteoporosis is a serious health concern, particularly in aged societies. The burden of osteoporosis with its associated morbidity and mortality due to fracture has become a critical socioeconomic problem. Skeletal integrity is maintained through a balance of bone resorption and bone formation. The bone turnover process, called bone remodelling. Recently, a number of anti-osteoporosis drugs with excellent anti-osteoporosis and fracture effects have been developed. They are mainly classified into two groups according to their effects on bone remodelling: anti-resorptive agents and anabolic agents. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4:158-164. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180018

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