Cross-talk between renal lithogenesis and atherosclerosis: an unveiled link between kidney stone formation and cardiovascular diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 615-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asokan Devarajan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Arterial Wall ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Crystal Nucleation ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Kidney Stone Formation

The prevalence of kidney stones and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are increasing throughout the world. Both diseases are chronic and characterized by accumulation of oxidized proteins and lipids in the renal tissue and arterial wall, respectively. Emerging studies have revealed a positive association between nephrolithiasis and CVDs. Based on preclinical and clinical evidences, this review discusses: (i) stone forming risk factors, crystal nucleation, aggregation, injury-induced crystal retention, and stone formation, (ii) CVD risk factors such as dyslipidemia, perturbation of gut microbiome, obesity, free radical-induced lipoprotein oxidation, and retention in the arterial wall, subsequent foam cell formation, and atherosclerosis, (iii) mechanism by which stone forming risk factors such as oxalate, calcium, uric acid, and infection contribute toward CVDs, and (iv) how CVD risk factors, such as cholesterol, phospholipids, and uric acid, contribute to kidney stone formation are described.

scholarly journals Comparison of Risk Factors for Pediatric Kidney Stone Formation: The Effects of Sex

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew L. Schwaderer ◽  
Rupesh Raina ◽  
Anshika Khare ◽  
Fayez Safadi ◽  
Sharon M. Moe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Kidney Stone Formation

scholarly journals Cardiovascular system status of long-livers in Moscow: the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 4028
Author(s):  
K. A. Eruslanova ◽  
A. V. Luzina ◽  
Yu. S. Onuchina ◽  
V. S. Ostapenko ◽  
N. V. Sharashkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Systolic Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk

Over the past century, an increase in life expectancy has been observed in Russia and in the world. According to the United Nations, by 2100, the number of centenarians worldwide will reach 25 million. Despite the annual increase in the number of super-centenarians, this age group remains poorly understood.Aim. To estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and the main risk factors among super-centenarians in Moscow.Material and methods. According to the register of long-livers in Moscow, 82 people aged 95 to 105 were included. Participants were examined at home.The history of life and the presence of chronic diseases was collected by participant words. To assess the state of cardiovascular system, an ultrasound of the heart and main arteries was performed.Results. Conventional CVD risk factors were the exception rather than the rule among study participants (smoking — 8 patients (9,8%), alcohol abuse — 4 (4,9%), obesity — 6 (7,3%)). Dyslipidemia was relatively widespread (n=37; 45,1%), however, there were no pronounced abnormalities in the lipid profile: the maximum increase in low-density lipoproteins was 5,6 mmol/L. The most common CVDs among the participants were hypertension (n=64; 78%), coronary artery disease (n=42; 51,2%), and heart failure (n=26; 31,7%); other diseases were much less common. The most common echocardiographic changes were left atrial dilatation (n=38; 74,5%), increased left ventricular mass, thickening of left ventricular posterior wall (n=24; 48%) and interventricular septum (n=51; 100%). Diastolic and systolic heart failure were not widespread among long-livers: 16 (32%) and 2 (3,9%), respectively. Despite a rather large number of atherosclerotic plaques in the common carotid and femoral arteries, the number of hemodynamically significant plaques was low (n=3; 4,6%). An intima-media thickening up to 1,0-1,1 mm was found.Conclusion. Long-livers in Moscow are characterized by a low prevalence of traditional CVD risk factors (with the exception of hypertension) and a fairly high prevalence of atherosclerotic CVDs, which are characterized by a subclinical course.

scholarly journals Association of potato and other starchy vegetable consumption with cardiovascular diseases risk factors in Iranian elderly men

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mursal Basiry ◽  
Elnaz Daneshzad ◽  
Hadis Mozaffari ◽  
Leila Azadbakht
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Lower Serum Level ◽  
Potato Consumption

Abstract Objectives. Given the limited research on potato and other starchy vegetable consumption with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), we examined the association of potato and other starchy vegetable intakes in association with cardiovascular risk factors and inflammatory biomarkers among elderly men. Study Design. A cross-sectional study. Methods. In this study, 357 elderly men were participated. Dietary intake was assessed using food a valid and reliable frequency questionnaires. Two separated groups were considered. 1. Potato, 2. Other Starchy vegetables including corn, squash, green pea, and green lima beans. CVD risk factors including HDL, LDL, FBS, TG, TC, Alkaline phosphatase, Fibrinogen, Insulin, IL-6, TNF-α, SGOT and SGPT were measured. Results. Participants in the highest tertile of potato consumption had a 45% lower serum level of fasting blood sugar (OR: 0.55; 95%CI: 0.31, 1.97; P trend: 0.041). However, this significant association disappeared after controlling for confounders. The participants in the highest tertile of potato consumption had higher serum level of triglyceride (OR: 4.52 95%CI: 1.10, 18.56; P trend: 0.030). Moreover, participants in the highest tertiles of other starchy vegetable consumption had an 84% lower serum level of alanine aminotransferase (OR: 0.16 95%CI: 0.03, 0.90; P trend: 0.040). Conclusion. Overall, more consumption of potato may be related to developing CVD risk factors. Future research is needed to elucidate the association between potato and other starchy vegetable consumption with cardiovascular diseases risk factors in both genders.

scholarly journals L-arginine supplementation and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in healthy men: a double-blind randomized clinical trial

F1000Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naseh Pahlavani ◽  
Mostafa Jafari ◽  
Masoud Rezaei ◽  
Hamid Rasad ◽  
Omid Sadeghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Arginine Supplementation

Context: The effect of L-arginine on risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has mostly focused on western countries. Since cardiovascular diseases is the second cause of death in Iran and, as far as we are aware, there have been no studies about the effect of L-arginine on CVD risk factors, the aim of this trial was to assess the effects of L-arginine supplementation on CVD risk factors in healthy men. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-dose L-arginine supplementation on CVD risk factors (lipid profile, blood sugar and blood pressure) in Iranian healthy men. Design, setting, participants: We conducted a double-blind randomized controlled trial in 56 patients selected from sport clubs at the Isfahan University of Medical Science between November 2013 and December 2013. Interventions: Healthy men received L-arginine supplementation (2000 mg daily) in the intervention group or placebo (2000 mg maltodextrin daily) in the control group for 45 days. Main outcome measure: The primary outcome measures were we measured the levels of fasting blood sugar, blood pressure and lipid profile including triglyceride (TG), cholesterol, LDL and HDL in healthy subjects. It was hypothesized that these measures would be significantly improved in those receiving L–arginine supplementation. at the beginning and end of the study. Results: In this trial, we had complete data for 52 healthy participants with mean age of 20.85±4.29 years. At the end of study, fasting blood sugar (P=0.001) and lipid profile (triglycerideTG (P<0.001), cholesterol (P<0.001), LDL (P=0.04), HDL (P=0.015)) decreased in the L-arginine group but we found no significant change in the placebo group. In addition, the reduction of fasting blood sugar and lipid profile in L-arginine was significant compared with placebo group. No significant changes were found about systolic (P=0.81) and diastolic blood pressure either in L-arginine or placebo group. (P=0.532). Conclusion: The use of L-arginine significantly improved outcomes compared to placebo.

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