The Voiced/Voiceless Phonation Time in Children With and Without Laryngeal Pathology

1992 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
David N. Sorensen ◽  
Pamela Ann Parker
Keyword(s):  
Laryngeal Pathology ◽  
Maximum Duration ◽  
Normal Speaking

Eleven children with vocal pathology were matched to 11 normal speaking children. All subjects produced maximum duration of phonation for /s/and /z/from detailed instructions and clinician models. The s/z ratio also was calculated. Results showed no difference in /s/durations between groups, but /z/durations and s/z ratios were significantly different. The /z/durations and s/z ratio results differ from those of previous research. Possible reasons for these differences are task construction and instructional variables. Results are discussed in relationship to these variables, as well as in relationship to reduced glottal efficiency.

The S/Z Ratio as an Indicator of Laryngeal Pathology

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances C. Eckel ◽  
Daniel R. Boone
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clinical Usefulness ◽  
Clinical Indicator ◽  
Laryngeal Pathology ◽  
Functional Dysphonia ◽  
Duration Measure ◽  
Normal Speaking

The use of the s/z ratio as a clinical indicator of laryngeal pathology was investigated with 28 dysphonic subjects with laryngeal pathology (nodules or polyps), 36 dysphonic subjects without laryngeal pathology, and 86 normal-speaking subjects. While no statistical difference was found between the three groups in their ability to sustain /s/, the subjects with laryngeal pathology had significantly lower duration times for /z/ than subjects in the other two groups. The computed s/z ratios were significantly higher for the dysphonic subjects with laryngeal pathology; subjects with functional dysphonia free of laryngeal pathology demonstrated the same s/z ratios (approximately 1.0) as the normal-speaking control subjects. The dysphonic subjects with laryngeal pathology produced s/z ratios in excess of 1.4 ninety-five percent of the time. It appeared from these data that when an additive mass developed along the glottal margin, vocal fold approximation was less efficient. This decrement in efficiency appears to result in a decrease in glottal resistance, increasing air flow, and a shortened phonatory duration time. The clinical usefulness of the s/z ratio as a duration measure for identifying voice clients who may have laryngeal lesions is considered.

The Effects of Presentation of Noise and Dental Appliances on Speech

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 838-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon R. Garber ◽  
T. Michael Speidel ◽  
Gerald M. Siegel ◽  
Edward Miller ◽  
Lillian Glass
Keyword(s):  
Speech Task ◽  
Subject Variability ◽  
Intense Noise ◽  
Made In ◽  
Normal Speaking

The effects of dental appliances on speech were studied when subjects wore the appliances, both in quiet and in the presence of an intense noise. A group of 24 normal-speaking subjects read lists of syllables, words, and sentences and spoke spontaneously in each of six appliance and noise conditions. Several acoustic and perceptual measurements were made in each condition. In general, speech deteriorated when appliances were placed and when noise was presented. The type and amount of speech disruption varied as a function of speech task and aspect of speech. There was no evidence that the effects of appliances on speech differed in quiet and noise conditions. Inter-subject variability was large.

Monitoring Maximum Duration of Storage of Yellow Banana in Control RH% Using Wireless Sensor Network

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 188-190
Author(s):  
Targol Abrishami ◽  
◽  
Dr. N. M. Kulkarni Dr. N. M. Kulkarni ◽  
Dr. A. D. Shaligram Dr. A. D. Shaligram
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Maximum Duration ◽  
Duration Of Storage

scholarly journals Study on Influence of Diameter on Detonation Acoustic Characteristics of Pulse Detonation Engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui-yang Xu ◽  
Chun-guang Wang ◽  
Yan-fang Zhu ◽  
Hong-yan Li ◽  
Lun-kun Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Characteristic ◽  
Pulse Detonation Engine ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Experiment System ◽  
Pulse Detonation ◽  
Impact Noise ◽  
Maximum Duration ◽  
Detonation Engine ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Different Diameters

AbstractThe experiment system of pulse detonation engine is set up to investigate on influence of diameter on detonation acoustic characteristic. The research of detonation acoustic characteristic of pulse detonation engine for four different diameters in different angles is carried out. Results from the test show that as the PDE diameter increasing, there are increases in amplitudes of impact noise in all angles, and the growth rate of amplitude of impact noise in the 90° direction is generally greater than that in the 0° direction. The smaller PDE diameter is, the distance of most obvious directivity at 0° turning to most obvious directivity at 30° is shorter. When the distance is shorter, such as 200 mm, the duration of detonation acoustic is increasing with the increase of PDE diameter, however, when the distance is longer, such as 3000 mm, it is just the opposite. The maximum duration of detonation acoustic is appeared in 3000 mm under 30 mm PDE diameter which reaches to 1.44 ms.

Allometry of diving capacity in air-breathing vertebrates

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason F. Schreer ◽  
Kit M. Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Allometric Relationship ◽  
Air Breathing ◽  
Diving Depth ◽  
Maximum Duration ◽  
Phocid Seals ◽  
Bird Group ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Maximum diving depths and durations were examined in relation to body mass for birds, marine mammals, and marine turtles. There were strong allometric relationships between these parameters (log10 transformed) among air-breathing vertebrates (r = 0.71, n = 111 for depth; r = 0.84, n = 121 for duration), although there was considerable scatter around the regression lines. Many of the smaller taxonomic groups also had a strong allometric relationship between diving capacity (maximum depth and duration) and body mass. Notable exceptions were mysticete cetaceans and diving/flying birds, which displayed no relationship between maximum diving depth and body mass, and otariid seals, which showed no relationship between maximum diving depth or duration and body mass. Within the diving/flying bird group, only alcids showed a significant relationship (r = 0.81, n = 9 for depth). The diving capacities of penguins had the highest correlations with body mass (r = 0.81, n = 11 for depth; r = 0.93, n = 9 for duration), followed by those of odontocete cetaceans (r = 0.75, n = 21 for depth; r = 0.84, n = 22 for duration) and phocid seals (r = 0.70, n = 15 for depth; r = 0.59, n = 16 for duration). Mysticete cetaceans showed a strong relationship between maximum duration and body mass (r = 0.84, n = 9). Comparisons across the various groups indicated that alcids, penguins, and phocids are all exceptional divers relative to their masses and that mysticete cetaceans dive to shallower depths and for shorter periods than would be predicted from their size. Differences among groups, as well as the lack of relationships within some groups, could often be explained by factors such as the various ecological feeding niches these groups exploit, or by variations in the methods used to record their behavior.

Movements of the Upper and Lower Lips during Speech

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Folkins ◽  
Jeanne L. Canty
Keyword(s):  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Organizational Systems ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Bite Block ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Block Sizes ◽  
Open Position ◽  
Normal Speaking ◽  
Speech Articulators

Inferior-superior displacements of the upper lip, lower lip, and jaw were transduced with a strain-gauge system in 4 normal-speaking adults. Movements of the upper and lower lips were compared across conditions in which the jaw was free to move and when bite blocks were used to fix the jaw at four different vertical positions. As jaw-open position was increased with the bite blocks, it was found that: (a) Positions of both lips changed for bilabial closure, but the closing movements did not usually maintain consistent proportions between lips across different bite-block sizes; (b) although the lips maintained fairly consistent maximum interlabial opening across many conditions, this opening was reduced in the small bite-block conditions; and (c) in a few cases there was an increase in the duration of lip-closing movements, but these were small and inconsistent. The findings are discussed relative to possible organizational systems that would produce the observed interactions among speech articulators.

Laryngeal pathology in hearing-impaired children

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-168
Author(s):  
Craig S. Derkay ◽  
James R. Thomsen ◽  
Kenneth M. Grundfast
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Laryngeal Pathology ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Hearing Impaired Children

Markers of Wound Healing in Vocal Fold Secretions from Patients with Laryngeal Pathology

2004 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan C. Branski ◽  
Katherine Verdolini ◽  
Clark A. Rosen ◽  
Patricia A. Hebda
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Laryngeal Pathology
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