Assessing Phoneme Awareness

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eileen W. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Early Reading ◽  
Literacy Learning ◽  
Phoneme Awareness ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Reading Success ◽  
Language Literacy ◽  
Broad Continuum

Phonological awareness has been shown to be an important component of early reading success. The purpose of this article is to review the importance of phonological awareness within the broader context of language/literacy learning. Consideration for a broad continuum of phoneme awareness skills is discussed. Specific techniques are offered to guide the speech-language pathologist in the assessment of phonological awareness skills.

scholarly journals Phonological Awareness as the Foundation of Reading Acquisition in Students Reading in Transparent Orthography

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5440
Author(s):  
Vesela Milankov ◽  
Slavica Golubović ◽  
Tatjana Krstić ◽  
Špela Golubović
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Oral Reading ◽  
Reading Difficulties ◽  
Reading Acquisition ◽  
Early Reading ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
School Students ◽  
Transparent Orthography ◽  
Reading Success ◽  
Effective Program

Phonological skills have been found to be strongly related to early reading and writing development. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to examine the extent to which the development of phonological awareness facilitates reading acquisition in students learning to read a transparent orthography. Our research included 689 primary school students in first through third grade (Mean age 101.59 months, SD = 12,690). The assessment tools used to conduct this research include the Phonological Awareness Test and the Gray Oral Reading Test. According to the results from the present study, 13.7% of students have reading difficulties. Students with reading difficulties obtained low scores in phonological awareness within each subscale compared to students who do not have reading difficulties (p < 0.01). Components of phonological awareness which did not singled out as strongly related to early reading success include Phoneme Segmentation, Initial Phoneme Identification, and Syllable Merging. Thus, understanding the nature of the relationship between phonological awareness and reading should help effective program design that will be aimed at eliminating delayed development in children’s phonological awareness while they are still in preschool.

Phonological awareness in young second language learners

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggie Bruck ◽  
Fred Genesee
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
Phoneme Awareness ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Bilingual Group ◽  
English Speaking

ABSTRACTEnglish-speaking children (N = 91) who were attending French schools (bilingual group) were given a battery of phonological awareness tests in kindergarten and in grade 1. At the time of kindergarten testing the mean age of the children was 5:9. Their performance was compared to age-matched English-speaking children (N = 72) attending English schools (monolingual group). The bilingual children showed heightened levels of phonological awareness skills in kindergarten in the area of onset-rime awareness. By grade 1, the pattern of group differences was more complex. The monolingual and bilingual children performed similarly on onset-rime segmentation tasks. The monolingual children had higher phoneme awareness scores than their French-schooled peers; this result is interpreted to reflect the role of literacy instruction on phoneme awareness development. In comparison, the bilingual children had higher syllable segmentation scores than their monolingual peers. This result is interpreted to reflect the role of second language input on phonological awareness.

2. How to learn to read (or not)

2019 ◽  
pp. 12-33
Author(s):  
Margaret J. Snowling
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Reading Development ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Rapid Naming ◽  
Phoneme Awareness ◽  
Alphabetic Principle ◽  
Learning To Read

‘How to learn to read (or not)’ looks at the stages through which a child must progress on the journey to literacy and the demands of learning to read. It argues that literacy builds on a foundation of spoken language and emphasizes the importance of the skills a child brings to reading. It also discusses the alphabetic principle, phoneme awareness, learning to spell, reading for meaning, and learning to read in different languages. In summary, a ‘triple foundation’ of symbol knowledge, phonological awareness, and rapid naming ability appears to underpin reading development universally. However, there are also additional predictors that are language-specific.

scholarly journals Genetic and environmental effects of serial naming and phonological awareness on early reading outcomes.

2006 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Petrill ◽  
Kirby Deater-Deckard ◽  
Lee Anne Thompson ◽  
Laura S. DeThorne ◽  
Christopher Schatschneider
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Early Reading ◽  
Reading Outcomes ◽  
Serial Naming

Sounding it out

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. S8-S9
Author(s):  
Claire Hewson
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Polar Bear ◽  
Early Reading

Encourage children to use their senses to describe the animals and the noises they make in the book Polar Bear, Polar Bear, What Do You Hear? and observe how this helps them to develop their phonological awareness and early reading.

Facilitating Phoneme Awareness Development in 3- and 4-Year-Old Children With Speech Impairment

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail T. Gillon
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Early Literacy ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Phoneme Awareness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Letter Knowledge ◽  
Speech Impairment ◽  
Early Literacy Development ◽  
Reading And Spelling

Purpose: This study investigated the phonological awareness and early literacy development of 12 children who presented at 3 years of age with moderate or severe speech impairment. The children’s response to early intervention that included specific activities to facilitate phoneme awareness and letter knowledge, in addition to improving speech intelligibility, was examined. Method: Using a 3-year longitudinal design, the children’s development in phonological awareness was monitored and compared to that of a group of 19 children without speech impairment. During the monitoring period from 3 to 5 years of age, the children with speech impairment received, on average, 25.5 intervention sessions. At 6 years of age, the children’s performance on phonological awareness, reading, and spelling measures was also compared to that of the 19 children without impairment as well as to a matched control group of children with speech impairment who had not received any specific instruction in phonological awareness. Results: The results indicated that (a) phoneme awareness can be stimulated in children with speech impairment as young as 3 and 4 years of age, (b) facilitating phoneme awareness development can be achieved concurrently with improvement in speech intelligibility, and (c) enhancing phoneme awareness and letter knowledge during the preschool years is associated with successful early reading and spelling experiences for children with speech impairment. Clinical Implications: The data provide evidence to support the clinical practice of integrating activities to develop phoneme awareness and letter knowledge into therapy for 3- and 4-year-old children with moderate or severe speech impairment.

scholarly journals Intrusion of orthographic knowledge on phoneme awareness: Strong in normal readers, weak in dyslexic readers

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Landerl ◽  
Uta Frith ◽  
Heinz Wimmer
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Reading Development ◽  
Orthographic Knowledge ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Phoneme Awareness ◽  
Phonological Information ◽  
Normal Reading ◽  
Orthographic Representations

ABSTRACTIn three typical phonological awareness tasks it was found that children with normal reading development sometimes give responses that are based on orthographic rather than phonological information. In dyslexic children, the number of occurrences of such orthographic intrusions was significantly lower. This effect cannot be explained by positing a lower degree of orthographic knowledge in dyslexic children since a group of younger children who had the same spelling level as the dyslexics also showed more orthographic intrusions. A plausible explanation for this difference between normal and dyslexic readers is that, in normal readers, phonological and orthographic representations of words are so closely connected that they are usually coactivated, even if such a coactivation is misleading. In dyslexics this connection is less strong, so that orthographic representations interfere less with phonemic segmentation. The relevance of this finding with respect to recent assumptions about the importance of phonology in establishing orthographic representations is discussed.

Relationship of Rapid Automatized Naming and Phonological Awareness in Early Reading Development

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Schatschneider ◽  
Coleen D. Carlson ◽  
David J. Francis ◽  
Barbara R. Foorman ◽  
Jack M. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Reading Development ◽  
Early Reading ◽  
Rapid Automatized Naming ◽  
Early Reading Development ◽  
Relationship Of
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