Co-operant behaviour in multiple manipulators

2011 ◽  
pp. 315-336
Author(s):  
G. Dodds
Keyword(s):  
Operant Behaviour ◽  
Multiple Manipulators

scholarly journals Association of the OPRM1 A118G polymorphism and Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer: Clinical relevance for alcohol dependence

2021 ◽  
pp. 026988112199199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Sebold ◽  
Maria Garbusow ◽  
Deniz Cerci ◽  
Ke Chen ◽  
Christian Sommer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Opioid System ◽  
Operant Behaviour ◽  
Oprm1 Gene ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
A118g Polymorphism

Background: Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT) quantifies the extent to which a stimulus that has been associated with reward or punishment alters operant behaviour. In alcohol dependence (AD), the PIT effect serves as a paradigmatic model of cue-induced relapse. Preclinical studies have suggested a critical role of the opioid system in modulating Pavlovian–instrumental interactions. The A118G polymorphism of the OPRM1 gene affects opioid receptor availability and function. Furthermore, this polymorphism interacts with cue-induced approach behaviour and is a potential biomarker for pharmacological treatment response in AD. In this study, we tested whether the OPRM1 polymorphism is associated with the PIT effect and relapse in AD. Methods: Using a PIT task, we examined three independent samples: young healthy subjects ( N = 161), detoxified alcohol-dependent patients ( N = 186) and age-matched healthy controls ( N = 105). We used data from a larger study designed to assess the role of learning mechanisms in the development and maintenance of AD. Subjects were genotyped for the A118G (rs1799971) polymorphism of the OPRM1 gene. Relapse was assessed after three months. Results: In all three samples, participants with the minor OPRM1 G-Allele (G+ carriers) showed increased expression of the PIT effect in the absence of learning differences. Relapse was not associated with the OPRM1 polymorphism. Instead, G+ carriers displaying increased PIT effects were particularly prone to relapse. Conclusion: These results support a role for the opioid system in incentive salience motivation. Furthermore, they inform a mechanistic model of aberrant salience processing and are in line with the pharmacological potential of opioid receptor targets in the treatment of AD.

Acute and chronic ethanol tolerance: operant behaviour in naive and ethanol tolerant rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arto J. Hiltunen ◽  
Torbjörn U. C. Järbe
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Tolerance ◽  
Chronic Ethanol ◽  
Operant Behaviour

A General Task and Motion Planning Framework For Multiple Manipulators

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyang Pan ◽  
Andrew M. Wells ◽  
Rahul Shome ◽  
Lydia E. Kavraki
Keyword(s):  
Motion Planning ◽  
Planning Framework ◽  
Multiple Manipulators
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document