scholarly journals Contamination of the Bay of Biscay by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) following the T/V “Erika” oil spill

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Tronczyński ◽  
Catherine Munschy ◽  
Karine Héas-Moisan ◽  
Nadège Guiot ◽  
Isabelle Truquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Bay Of Biscay ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Changes in chemical composition and copepod toxicity during petroleum photooxidation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Katz ◽  
Haining Chen ◽  
David Fields ◽  
Erin Beirne ◽  
Phoebe Keyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Deepwater Horizon ◽  
Water Accommodated Fractions ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Target Lipid Model ◽  
Control Samples

Photoproducts can be formed rapidly in the initial phase of a marine oil spill. However, their toxicity is not well understood. In this study, oil was irradiated, chemically characterized, and tested for toxicity in three copepod species (A. tonsa, T. longicornis, C.finmarchicus). Irradiation led to a depletion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and n-alkanes in oil residues, along with an enrichment in aromatic and aliphatic oil photoproducts. Target lipid model-based calculations of PAH toxic units (TU-PAH) predicted that PAH toxicities were lower in water accommodated fractions (WAFs) of irradiated oil residues (“irradiated WAFs”) than in WAFs of dark-control samples (“dark WAFs”). In contrast, biomimetic extraction (BE) measurements showed increased bioaccumulation potential of irradiated WAFs compared to dark WAFs, mainly driven by photoproducts present in irradiated oil. In line with the BE results, copepod mortality increased in response to irradiated WAFs compared to dark WAFs. Low copepod toxicities were observed for WAFs produced with photooxidized oil slicks collected during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. The results of this study suggest that while oil photoproducts have the potential to be a significant source of copepod toxicity, the water solubility of these products might mitigate their toxicity at sea.

Oil spill off the coast of Guimaras Island, Philippines: Distributions and changes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in shellfish

2017 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 962-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiichi Uno ◽  
Emiko Kokushi ◽  
Nathaniel C. Añasco ◽  
Takenori Iwai ◽  
Kazuki Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

The Chemical Baseline as a Key to Defining Continuing Injury and Recovery of Prince William Sound

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Boehm ◽  
John S. Brown ◽  
David S. Page ◽  
William A Burns ◽  
Jerry M. Neff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Leading Indicators ◽  
Prince William Sound ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Constant Feature

ABSTRACT Studies of records and data pertaining to anthropogenic and natural sources of petroleum, and specifically of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), have indicated a generally constant background, with episodic input spikes of bioavailable PAH to the marine environment of Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska. The Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS) was one such PAH spike. However, hundreds of smaller spills, occurring prior to and since the EVOS, contribute a background of bioavailable petrogenic PAH to PWS. The widespread historical and contemporary uses of PWS by man have left chronic, sizeable, and widespread petrogenic and pyrogenic PAH fingerprints and bioavailable PAH at many locations in PWS. Evidence from mussel samples, taken both prior to and since EVOS, and from subtidal sediments, indicates that bioavailable PAH are a constant feature of the PWS system. While EVOS may continue to add some bioavailable PAH to highly localized areas, most PAH inputs to the PWS marine environment are unrelated to EVOS. Such findings indicate that biological, sublethal effects studies, which rely on tissue body burdens and biomarkers as leading indicators of continuing effects from EVOS (e.g. CYP1A-P450, etc.) may have been misinterpreted, as they are confounded by this easily detectable, significant, and continuing background of bioavailable PAH. Therefore measurements of exposure to PAH as indicating lingering effects from EVOS, 13 years after the spill, are speculative and ignore the baseline PAH from non-EVOS inputs.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in oysters from coastal waters of the Lebanon 10 months after the Jiyeh oil spill in 2006

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1215-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Kelly ◽  
David Santillo ◽  
Paul Johnston ◽  
Ghalia Fayad ◽  
Kerry L. Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

scholarly journals Kontaminasi Senyawa Polisiklik Aromatik Hidrokarbon (PAH) dalam Sedimen Di DAS Gending, Probolinggo

DEPIK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-150
Author(s):  
Edward Edward
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are very toxic and persistent environmental contaminants. This study were carried out in Gending watershed Probolinggo in March 2014, the propose of this research was to known  the concentrations and possible sources of 16 PAHs (Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) classified by the United State Environmental Protection Agency as priority pollutants.   Sediment samples were taken by using a sediment sampler at 6 research stations. The concentration of PAH were determined  using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)  and the sources using individual ratio diagnose method. The results show that  the concentration of PAHs in  sediment still low and fixed with the safe threshold values for waters organisms. Individual PAH dominated by high molecule weight PAHs. The results of PAHs ratio individual analysis showed that PAHs sources in sediment derived from a variety of sources such as; oil spill, oil combustion and combustion of organic materials. To reduce the level of PAHs pollution in sediment in Gending watersheds need to make efficiency in using of fossil fuel, reduce oil spill and  combustion of oil and organic materials and implementing of laws and sanctions against polluters.

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