scholarly journals Combined heat pump-district heating network energy source

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 00063
Author(s):  
Karolina Kurtz-Orecka ◽  
Wojciech Tuchowski
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Working Medium ◽  
Lower Heat

The article describes the innovative combination of the heat pump's operation with the heating network called as cHPNes. The heat pump's lower heat sources used so far are air, water or ground. Their efficiency is usually incoherent with the energy needs of recipients. In the period of the lowest temperatures of the source, we have the highest demand for heat in the supplied facility. A combination of the water heat pump and the heating network is aimed at increasing the energy efficiency (COP) of the heat source and indirectly increasing the participation of renewable energy in the energy balance of buildings. The essence of the new solution is the use of returning water in the heating network to supply the heat pump evaporator. The working medium temperature of the heating network on the return in the all-year cycle is stable and high, which allows further use of energy of the heating water on the return. These are the two main advantages of network water used as the lower heat source, allowing for stable and efficient operation of the heat pump with COP above 13. This solution is a response to the need to improve the energy efficiency of highly urbanized spaces.

scholarly journals Local Heating Networks with Waste Heat Utilization: Low or Medium Temperature Supply?

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne Kauko ◽  
Daniel Rohde ◽  
Armin Hafner
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Local Network ◽  
Medium Temperature

District heating enables an economical use of energy sources that would otherwise be wasted to cover the heating demands of buildings in urban areas. For efficient utilization of local waste heat and renewable heat sources, low distribution temperatures are of crucial importance. This study evaluates a local heating network being planned for a new building area in Trondheim, Norway, with waste heat available from a nearby ice skating rink. Two alternative supply temperature levels have been evaluated with dynamic simulations: low temperature (40 °C), with direct utilization of waste heat and decentralized domestic hot water (DHW) production using heat pumps; and medium temperature (70 °C), applying a centralized heat pump to lift the temperature of the waste heat. The local network will be connected to the primary district heating network to cover the remaining heat demand. The simulation results show that with a medium temperature supply, the peak power demand is up to three times higher than with a low temperature supply. This results from the fact that the centralized heat pump lifts the temperature for the entire network, including space and DHW heating demands. With a low temperature supply, heat pumps are applied only for DHW production, which enables a low and even electricity demand. On the other hand, with a low temperature supply, the district heating demand is high in the wintertime, in particular if the waste heat temperature is low. The choice of a suitable supply temperature level for a local heating network is hence strongly dependent on the temperature of the available waste heat, but also on the costs and emissions related to the production of district heating and electricity in the different seasons.

scholarly journals Analysis and Comparison of Some Low-Temperature Heat Sources for Heat Pumps

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Neuberger ◽  
Radomír Adamovský
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Ground Heat Exchangers ◽  
Temperature Heat

The efficiency of a heat pump energy system is significantly influenced by its low-temperature heat source. This paper presents the results of operational monitoring, analysis and comparison of heat transfer fluid temperatures, outputs and extracted energies at the most widely used low temperature heat sources within 218 days of a heating period. The monitoring involved horizontal ground heat exchangers (HGHEs) of linear and Slinky type, vertical ground heat exchangers (VGHEs) with single and double U-tube exchanger as well as the ambient air. The results of the verification indicated that it was not possible to specify clearly the most advantageous low-temperature heat source that meets the requirements of the efficiency of the heat pump operation. The highest average heat transfer fluid temperatures were achieved at linear HGHE (8.13 ± 4.50 °C) and double U-tube VGHE (8.13 ± 3.12 °C). The highest average specific heat output 59.97 ± 41.80 W/m2 and specific energy extracted from the ground mass 2723.40 ± 1785.58 kJ/m2·day were recorded at single U-tube VGHE. The lowest thermal resistance value of 0.07 K·m2/W, specifying the efficiency of the heat transfer process between the ground mass and the heat transfer fluid, was monitored at linear HGHE. The use of ambient air as a low-temperature heat pump source was considered to be the least advantageous in terms of its temperature parameters.

Heat Pump Efficiency in fifth Generation Ultra-Low Temperature District Heating Networks using a Wastewater Heat Source

Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 121318
Author(s):  
Tobias Reiners ◽  
Michel Gross ◽  
Lisa Altieri ◽  
Hermann-Josef Wagner ◽  
Valentin Bertsch
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Pump Efficiency ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Heating Networks

scholarly journals Heat source shifting in buildings supplied by district heating and exhaust air heat pump

2017 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 470-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kensby ◽  
A. Trüschel ◽  
J.O. Dalenbäck
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
District Heating

Reduction of primary energy needs in urban areas trough optimal planning of district heating and heat pump installations

Energy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Verda ◽  
Elisa Guelpa ◽  
Albana Kona ◽  
Stefano Lo Russo
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Optimal Planning ◽  
Energy Needs

scholarly journals Selected aspects of technological innovations management in district heating companies

2018 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 04003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Rak
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Product Innovations ◽  
Eu Directives ◽  
The Eu

The accession of Poland to the EU results in the realization of EU directives, including the field of energy efficiency and CO2 emissions. The regulations oblige enterprises that produce and distribute heat to technical activities involving the use of existing heat sources and modernization of thermal networks, as well as economic and environmental optimization of the heat supply process. The implementation of these projects requires a change in the way the energy sector is managed and thoroughly restructured by implementing and applying technological and product innovations. The article discusses the legal and environmental conditions of the heat market in Poland, the key challenges for the heating industry and selected innovations in heating companies regarding two areas: technical infrastructure and management of the heat production and transmission.

Natural Convection Cooling of Multiple Heat Sources in Parallel Open-Top Cavities Filled With a Fluorinert Liquid

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Behnia ◽  
A. A. Dehghan ◽  
H. Mishima ◽  
W. Nakayama
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Natural Convection ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Alumina Ceramic ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Flow And Heat Transfer ◽  
Discrete Heat Sources ◽  
Vertical Walls ◽  
Convection Cooling ◽  
Lower Heat

Natural convection immersion cooling of discrete heat sources in a series of parallel interacting open-top cavities filled with a fluorinert liquid (FC–72) has been numerically studied. A series of open-top slots which are confined by conductive vertical walls with two heat sources on one side are considered. One of the slots is modeled and simulated. The effect of the separation between the heat sources on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the wall and the effect of strength of the lower heat source (which location is upstream of the other one) on the flow and heat transfer of the upper heat source are considered. The wall thermal conductivity considered ranges from adiabatic to alumina-ceramic. The results of bakelite and alumina-ceramic are shown, which are commonly used as wiring boards in electronic equipment. It is found that conduction in the wall is very important and enhances the heat transfer performance.

scholarly journals Impact of district heating and groundwater heat pump systems on the primary energy needs in urban areas

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Verda ◽  
Giorgia Baccino ◽  
Adriano Sciacovelli ◽  
Stefano Lo Russo
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Groundwater Heat Pump
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