scholarly journals Tectonically conditioned brine leakage into usable freshwater aquifers – implications for the quality of groundwater exploited in central Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 00012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Kaczor-Kurzawa
Keyword(s):  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Ammonium Ions ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Groundwater Exploitation ◽  
Brine Migration ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Brine Leakage ◽  
Freshwater Aquifers

Brine leakage areas, which are identical with zones of chloride ion content anomalies (Cl– >60 mg/dm3) in usable aquifers, were mapped and examined on the basis of chemical and isotopic analyses. These zones are predominantly developed in tectonic conditions enabling the inflow of Mesozoic saline waters and brines into freshwater aquifers: 1) fault zones, 2) hydrogeological windows above salt anticlines and elevated tectonic blocks, 3) salt diapirs. The natural process of brine migration has been accelerated in some areas due to groundwater exploitation. Consequently, the decline of groundwater quality on many intakes has been reported, which is a result of the elevated content of chloride, Natrium and Ammonium ions.

Recycling of Dangerous Waste of Organosilicon Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
V.P. Endyuskin ◽  
Yu.T. Efimov ◽  
T.G. Konstantinova ◽  
L.I. Mukhortova
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Oilfield Water

Present the results of study on the development of the technology for the recycling of hazardous waste of organosilicon production to produce grouting solution. It is shown that during hydrolytic esterification of bottoms from production of phenyltrichlorsilane is obtained product which can be used as a grouting solution to isolate the inflow of oilfield water. It is established that the quality of the product is affected by the ratio of reagents, chloride ion content, temperature and duration of polycondensation.

Ground water quality of selected areas of Punjab and Sind Provinces, Pakistan: Chemical and microbiological aspects

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Concentration ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Ammonium Ions ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Phosphate Ions ◽  
Sodium Magnesium ◽  
Very High ◽  
Microbiological Aspects

The assessment of groundwater is essential for the estimation of suitability of water for safe use. An attempt has been made to study the groundwater of selected areas of Punjab (Sheikhupura & Sahiwal) and Sindh (Sindh, Jawar Dharki and Dharki), Pakistan. The results indicate that pH, color and odor were all within limits of WHO that is pH ranges 6.5–8.5, colorless and odorless, respectively. The high values of suspended solids were observed in the Sindh-1 and Dharki samples. Microbiologically only Sahiwal and Jawar Dharki were found fit for drinking purpose. Trace metals analysis of Sheikhupura-1 and Sindh-1 showed that values do not fall within limits of WHO for Iron. The ionic concentration analysis showed that high bicarbonate (HCO3-), ions are present in the samples of Sahiwal and Dharki; Sindh-1 and Jawar Dharki samples showed very high concentration for chloride ions, all samples were satisfactory level for sulphate (SO42-), sodium, magnesium and phosphate ions except samples of Sindh-1 and Jawar Dharki. High concentration of calcium and potassium ions was observed in samples of Sindh-1, while all other samples were found fit for drinking purposes in respect of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium ions. The high concentration of Fluoride was found only in Sheikhupura-2 samples.

Geochemical Implications of Brine Leakage into Freshwater Aquifers

Ground Water ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 855-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assaf Wunsch ◽  
Alexis K. Navarre-Sitchler ◽  
John E. McCray
Keyword(s):  
Brine Leakage ◽  
Freshwater Aquifers

Research on FRP-Reinforced Concrete Exposure Test

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 1177-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Fan Chen ◽  
Chao He Chen ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Chuan Min Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Ultimate Capacity ◽  
Endurance Test ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Exposure Test ◽  
The Real ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Selected Location

The paper makes an analysis of the selected location and feasibility of the exposure test ground in the real marine environment, and the endurance test of the FRP- reinforced concrete built-up beam has been carried out on the exposure test ground. After 6 month and 12 month’s exposure test, the beams' mechanic performance and the chloride ion content in different depths have been determined. The results show that after the exposure test, the beams' ultimate capacity has been greatly decreased to a certain extent, and the FRP board can effectively prevent chloride from penetrating.

A global compilation of known-origin keratin hydrogen and oxygen isotope data for wildlife and forensic research

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Magozzi ◽  
Andrea Contina ◽  
Michael Wunder ◽  
Hannah Vander Zanden ◽  
Gabriel Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Reference Materials ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Forensic Research ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Hydrogen And Oxygen Isotope

<p>Variations in stable hydrogen (δ<sup>2</sup>H) and oxygen (δ<sup>18</sup>O) isotope ratios have been used in wildlife and forensic applications to infer the provenance of biological tissues by comparing isotopic measurements for unknown samples to geographically indexed measurements or predictions. Tissues composed of the structural protein keratin have been targeted in many systems, leading to a legacy of published data for known-origin samples. An open synthesis of these data would be useful to support broader analysis of keratin isotope patterns across biological systems and as a reference data collection for future studies.</p><p>Significant differences in sample preparation and analysis protocols and calibration and normalization approaches among laboratories have created substantial challenges in the integration of these data, however. Here we identify and assess factors that might be limiting comparability of δ<sup>2</sup>H and δ<sup>18</sup>O data among laboratories. These include sample type and sampling method, procedure for lipid extraction, whether and how partial exchange of keratin H with atmospheric moisture has been addressed, which laboratory reference materials have been used, drying and handling protocols, analysis method, and quality of chromatography for O isotopic analyses. We compile a list of reference materials (including Utah, USGS, and Saskatoon standards) and their established values, and develop a set of ‘rules’ and corrections to account for differences in processing methods and standards as well as the associated uncertainty. We apply these corrections to more than 2500 known-origin data from the literature and demonstrate that the comparability of isotopic data among laboratories is greatly improved by linking all measurements to the same scales. We highlight both the potential of the harmonized dataset for use in wildlife and forensic research as well as substantial challenges and limitations that remain.</p>

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