scholarly journals Hydrochemistry of pit lakes in the Portuguese sector of the Iberian Pyrite Belt

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 09007
Author(s):  
Patrícia Gomes ◽  
Teresa Valente ◽  
Mayara Cordeiro ◽  
Filipa Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Iberian Pyrite Belt ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Metallogenic Province ◽  
Waste Dumps ◽  
Volcanogenic Massive Sulphide ◽  
Roman Time ◽  
Pit Lakes ◽  
World Class ◽  
Lake Waters

The Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) is a world-class metallogenic province with volcanogenic massive sulphide ore deposits. Most ore exploitation occurred since pre-Roman time, creating extensive galleries, wells, waste-dumps and pit lakes. These last structures are a concern for their potential environmental impact because they accumulate large volumes of mine water affected acid mine drainage. The present work classifies the pit lakes based on the surface water hydrochemistry. Using the Ficklin diagram for classification, pit lake waters vary from acid, high-metal to high-acid, extreme-metal and exhibit similarities with other pit lakes from the Spanish sector of the IPB.

scholarly journals Partitioning of potentially toxic elements among two colloidal fractions and relevance for their mobility in different water types

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 09020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipa Moreno ◽  
Teresa Valente ◽  
Patrícia Gomes ◽  
Rita Fonseca ◽  
Maria Rosário Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Iberian Pyrite Belt ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
Metallogenic Province ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Distribution Of Elements ◽  
Acid Mine Waters ◽  
World Class

Potentially toxic elements are mobilized in aquatic systems in solution or bounded to colloids of different sizes, which may include nanometer particles. The present work studies the distribution of elements (Al, Fe, Zn, Mn, Co, Cd, Ni, Cu, and As) between small (<0.20 μm) and larger (0.45–0.20 μm) colloids in different waters sources in a world class metallogenic province (Iberian Pyrite Belt), including the acid mine waters. Syringe filters with pore-size ratings of 0.20 μm and 0.45 μm have been used to assess the transport and fate of these potentially toxic elements. The results show the contribution of colloids for mobility of arsenic and most metals, evidencing the role of the small ones in acid mine drainage.

Hydrochemical changes in a reservoir that receives water contaminated by acid mine drainage

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. de la Torre ◽  
J. A. Grande ◽  
T. Valente ◽  
M. Santisteban ◽  
J. C. Cerón
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Iberian Pyrite Belt ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Waste Dumps

The aim was to characterize hydrochemical changes that take place in the Sancho reservoir, which receives waters contaminated by acid mine drainage (AMD) from the Meca River (Iberian Pyrite Belt, SW Spain). The sampling procedure comprised bimonthly campaigns carried out between October 2011 and May 2012, in the entrance of the reservoir and in the input river waters. In addition to in situ parameters, heavy metals and sulphate were analysed in the laboratory by photometry and atomic absorption spectrometry, respectively. The database was submitted to statistic treatment through the STATGRAPHICS Centurion XVI.I software. The results show a clear relationship between the sampling site in the entrance of the reservoir and in the watercourse, with an almost instantaneous cross-correlation. At the beginning of the sampling period a small rise in pH at both sites was detected, coinciding with a reduction in the concentration of heavy metals. This attenuation results from the dilution process caused by rain as well as the sorption by iron oxyhydroxysulphates that precipitate as a consequence of the above-mentioned rise in pH. The time changes that were detected in this system are due to the influence of input waters from the waste dumps of the Tharsis mines.

Relationships between sources of acid mine drainage and the hydrochemistry of acid effluents during rainy season in the Iberian Pyrite Belt

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pérez-Ostalé ◽  
J. A. Grande ◽  
T. Valente ◽  
M. L. de la Torre ◽  
M. Santisteban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Iberian Pyrite Belt ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Analytical Treatment ◽  
Metallogenic Province ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

In the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB), southwest Spain, a prolonged and intense mining activity of more than 4,500 years has resulted in almost a hundred mines scattered through the region. After years of inactivity, these mines are still causing high levels of hydrochemical degradation in the fluvial network. This situation represents a unique scenario in the world, taking into consideration its magnitude and intensity of the contamination processes. In order to obtain a benchmark regarding the degree of acid mine drainage (AMD) pollution in the aquatic environment, the relationship between the areas occupied by the sulfide mines and the characteristics of the respective effluents after rainfall was analysed. The methodology developed, which includes the design of a sampling network, analytical treatment and cluster analysis, is a useful tool for diagnosing the contamination level by AMD in an entire metallogenic province, at the scale of each mining group. The results presented the relationship between sulfate, total dissolved solids and electrical conductivity, as well as other parameters that are typically associated with AMD and the major elements that compose the polymetallic sulfides of IPB. This analysis also indicates the low level of proximity between the affectation area and the other variables.

Microbial Ecology in Extreme Acidic Pit Lakes from the Iberian Pyrite Belt (SW Spain)

2013 ◽  
Vol 825 ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena González-Toril ◽  
Esther Santofimia ◽  
Enrique López-Pamo ◽  
Enoma O. Omoregie ◽  
Ricardo Amils ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Bottom Layer ◽  
Iberian Pyrite Belt ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Subsequent Formation ◽  
Sw Spain ◽  
Iron Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Pit Lakes

Abstract. In mining areas in which sulfur-containing ores are exposed, the oxidation of sulfides leads to the formation of acidic mine drainage (AMD) waters. Both traditional and molecular microbial studies have shown that chemolithotrophic sulfur- and iron-oxidizing bacteria are responsible for this activity. The Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB), located in southwestern Spain represents one of the world’s largest accumulations of mine wastes and AMD waters. Mineralogical and textural characteristics of the IPB ores favor the oxidation and dissolution of pyrite and the subsequent formation of AMD waters. Acidic pit lakes in the IPB are a hotspot for this activity. These pit lakes are former open pit mines where ores have been exposed leading the formation of AMD waters. At present, there are more than 25 of these pit lakes between the provinces of Huelva and Seville (SW Spain). This work reports the physical properties, hydrogeochemical characteristics, and microbial diversity of two pit lakes located in the IPB Nuestra Señora del Carmen (NSC), and Concepción (CN). Both pit lakes are acid (pH 2-4) and showed chemical and thermal stratification with well defined chemoclines. One particular characteristic of NSC is that it has developed a chemocline very close to the surface (2 m depth). Microbial community composition of the water column was analyzed by 16S and 18S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing. The microorganisms detected in NSC are characteristic of acid mine drainage (AMD), including iron oxidizing bacteria (Leptospirillum) and facultative iron reducing bacteria and archaea (Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Actinobacteria, Acidimicrobiales, Ferroplasma) detected in the bottom layer. Diversity in CN was higher than in NSC. Microorganisms known from AMD systems (Acidiphilium, Acidobacteria and Ferrovum) and microorganisms never reported from AMD systems were both identified.

scholarly journals Identification of processes controlling chemical composition of pit lakes waters located in the eastern part of Muskau Arch (Polish-German borderland) / Identyfikacja procesów kształtujących skład chemiczny wód zbiorników zlokalizowanych na obszarach pogórniczych we wschodniej części Łuku Mużakowa (pogranicze polsko-niemieckie)

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Lutyńska ◽  
Krzysztof Labus
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Speciation Analysis ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Similar Chemical ◽  
Pit Lakes ◽  
Acidification Of Lake ◽  
Lake Waters

Abstract Exploitation of lignite within the area of Muskau Arch, carried out from the mid-nineteenth century, contributed to the transformation of the natural environment and changes in water regime. In the post-mining subsidences pit lakes were formed. The chemical composition of waters is a consequence of the intensive weathering of pyrite (FeS2), which is present in Miocene lignite-bearing rock forming the embankments of the lakes. This process leads to the formation of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) and finally acidification of lake waters. This paper presents results of the identification of hydrogeochemical processes affecting the chemistry of waters from these reservoirs carried out using the speciation and statistical (cluster and factor) analyses. Cluster analysis allowed to separate from the analyzed group of anthropogenic reservoirs 7 subgroups characterized by a similar chemical composition of waters. The major processes affecting the chemistry of waters were identified and interpreted with help of factor and speciation analysis of two major parameters (iron and sulfur).

Dissolved and particulate metals and arsenic species mobility along a stream affected by Acid Mine Drainage in the Iberian Pyrite Belt (SW Spain)

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1944-1952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aguasanta M. Sarmiento ◽  
Manuel A. Caraballo ◽  
Daniel Sanchez-Rodas ◽  
José Miguel Nieto ◽  
Annika Parviainen
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
Iberian Pyrite Belt ◽  
Sw Spain ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Particulate Metals ◽  
Species Mobility

Pb-Nd-Sr Isotope Geochemistry of Metapelites from the Iberian Pyrite Belt and Its Relevance to Provenance Analysis and Mineral Exploration Surveys

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipa Luz ◽  
António Mateus ◽  
Ezequiel Ferreira ◽  
Colombo G. Tassinari ◽  
Jorge Figueiras
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Geochemistry ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Hanging Wall ◽  
Massive Sulfide ◽  
Iberian Pyrite Belt ◽  
Isotopic Signature ◽  
Sr Isotope ◽  
Provenance Analysis ◽  
Basement Rocks ◽  
World Class

Abstract The boundary in the Iberian Pyrite Belt is a world-class metallogenic district developed at the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary the Iberian Variscides that currently has seven active mines: Neves Corvo (Cu-Zn-Sn) and Aljustrel (Cu-Zn) in Portugal, and Riotinto (Cu), Las Cruces (Cu), Aguas Teñidas (Cu-Zn-Pb), Sotiel-Coronada (Cu-Zn-Pb), and La Magdalena (Cu-Zn-Pb) in Spain. The Iberian Pyrite Belt massive sulfide ores are usually hosted in the lower sections of the volcano-sedimentary complex (late Famennian to late Visean), but they also occur in the uppermost levels of the phyllite-quartzite group at the Neves Corvo deposit, stratigraphically below the volcano-sedimentary complex. A Pb-Nd-Sr isotope dataset was obtained for 98 Iberian Pyrite Belt metapelite samples (from Givetian to upper Visean), representing several phyllite-quartzite group and volcano-sedimentary complex sections that include the footwall and hanging-wall domains of ore horizons at the Neves Corvo, Aljustrel, and Lousal mines. The combination of whole-rock Nd and Sr isotopes with Th/Sc ratios shows that the siliciclastic components of Iberian Pyrite Belt metapelites are derived from older quartz-feldspathic basement rocks (–11 ≤ εNdinitial(i) ≤ –8 and (87Sr/86Sr)i up to 0.727). The younger volcano-sedimentary complex metapelites (upper Tournaisian) often comprise volcanic-derived constituents with a juvenile isotopic signature, shifting the εNdi up to +0.2. The Pb isotope data confirm that the phyllite-quartzite group and volcano-sedimentary complex successions are crustal reservoirs for metals found in the deposits. In Neves Corvo, where there is more significant Sn- and Cu-rich mineralization, the higher (206Pb/204Pb)i and (207Pb/204Pb)i values displayed by phyllite-quartzite group and lower volcano-sedimentary complex metapelites (up to 15.66 and 18.33, respectively) suggest additional contributions to the metal budget from a deeper and more radiogenic source. The proximity to Iberian Pyrite Belt massive sulfide ore systems hosted in metapelite successions is observed when (207Pb/204Pb)i &gt;15.60 and Fe2O3/TiO2 or (Cu+Zn+Pb)/Sc &gt;10. These are important criteria that should be considered in geochemical exploration surveys designed for the Iberian Pyrite Belt.

Acid mine drainage in the Iberian Pyrite Belt: 1. Hydrochemical characteristics and pollutant load of the Tinto and Odiel rivers

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 7509-7519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose M. Nieto ◽  
Aguasanta M. Sarmiento ◽  
Carlos R. Canovas ◽  
Manuel Olias ◽  
Carlos Ayora
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Iberian Pyrite Belt ◽  
Hydrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Pollutant Load ◽  
Acid Mine

scholarly journals The impact of acid mine drainage (AMD) on the distribution of selected radionuclides in the sediments of two pit lakes in the Muskau Arch (western Poland)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilona Sekudewicz ◽  
Michał Gąsiorowski ◽  
Šárka Matoušková ◽  
Jan Rohovec ◽  
Karolina Kaucha
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Pit Lakes ◽  
The Impact

Basics of Metals Theory of Extraction by Means of Chemical Water Solutions Filtration through Underground Ores

2014 ◽  
Vol 1020 ◽  
pp. 472-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vruyr Sargsyan ◽  
Emil Saratikyan
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Diffusion ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Ore Body ◽  
Waste Dumps

Abstract. Geo-technological extraction methods recently are widely used in the mining industry. Removing the metals from underground ore deposits is carried out by injecting chemicals (solvents, oxidants, reducing agents) into wells drilled in them, and the subsequent extraction of metals from saturated solutions. Particularly, this method utilized for the extraction of uranium from flooded sediments and copper from poor (substandard) ores, as well as some non-ferrous and rare metals from waste dumps and tailings of substandard ore mines and processing enterprises. The paper discusses methods developed for prediction of moisture content (water saturation) in rocks under filtration of liquid with incomplete saturation of pores while changing the concentration of the metal in the liquid phase (in an ore body), as well as problems of dissolution and desorption of metal salts on the surface cracks or pores on ore body based on molecular diffusion equation of metal salts. The present work conducted for developing the methods for calculating the liquid filtration through underground deposits of minerals and forecasting of dissolving and washing out metals. It is shown that the processes which take place with the use of chemical reagents are different comparing to the similar processes with water injection. These data allow to predict the changes in the concentration of salts and metals in the liquid and solid phases depending on time.

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