scholarly journals A Study on the Potential of Electricity Generation from Cassava Rhizome in Eastern Region Area of Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Mananya Saengsaior ◽  
Weerachai Arjharn ◽  
Pansa Liplab ◽  
Thipsupin Hinsui
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
East Region ◽  
Total Capacity ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In this study, the objective was to investigate the quality and suitability of processing, improving the quality of waste biomass from cassava growing in east region area of Thailand. There is a method for studying quantitative data from the land use database together with the geographic information system. And the physical quality and chemical properties of cassava rhizomes have been studied from the analysis of cassava rhizome samples in the laboratory. The results of the study found that east region area of Thailand is the biggest area for cassava cultivation in Thailand. Crop residual ratio (CRR) of cassava rhizome was 0.112 with the total remaining amount of 636,003.35 tons/year (~53.40% wb moisture content and 8.19 MJ/kg heating value). It was estimated that the total amount of cassava rhizome ready to use as biomass with chip/pellet grade at moisture content of ~10.17% wb. and heating value of ~12.50 MJ/Kg is 89,040 tons/year, having equivalent energy of 1,113.01 GJ or 26.58 ktoe. This could be used to produce electricity of 61.8 GWh or used to supply power plants with total capacity of 8.8 MW.

The comparison of rapeseeds’ oils from hybrid and open-pollinated varieties by their heating values in the aspect of Diesel utilization

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
E. Sarkozi ◽  
L. Janosi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Biofuel Feedstock ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The rape is one of the suitable plant species for biofuel feedstock in Hungary. Currently there are over 100 admitted rape sorts recorded in Hungary and their oils’ application as biodiesel proposes new aspects of evaluation. From references it is noticeable that there are differences in the physical and chemical properties of the various rape sorts’ oils and rapeseed-methyl-esters. Our aim is to analyze the differences in the quality of the various rape sorts’ oils and to determine the most appropriate rape sort in the viewpoint of technical utilization. In the course of present research work we have measured the heating values of 21 various rapesorts’ oils -12 from open-pollinated varieties and 9 from hybrids- and examined the differences between them. The outcome values dispersed in the range of the heating values found in the references, but the differences between them are less then the predicted, the variance and the coefficient of variation are reasonably slight, so the examined rape sorts’ oils are similar in the viewpoint of the heating value. Furthermore, the energy content of the rapeseed oils is independent of the type (hybrid or open-pollinated variety) of the plant.

scholarly journals Impact of Rainy and Dry Seasons on Eucalypt Fuelwood Quality Logs Stored in Piles

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto de Jesus Eufrade-Junior ◽  
Emanuel Rangel Spadim ◽  
Sérgio Augusto Rodrigues ◽  
Enzo Dal Pai ◽  
Adriano Wagner Ballarin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Weather Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Natural Drying ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The natural drying of fuelwood is a common practice to improve its quality and increase the efficiency in the biomass-based energy supply chain. The objective of this work was to analyze the effect of seasons on the physical and chemical properties of wood logs stored in piles for energy purposes. The logs of Eucalyptus urophylla were stored in two periods of 160 days each throughout the year, autumn–winter (dry season) and spring–summer (rainy season). During the 320 days, the moisture content of wood and the weather parameters were measured daily. After the natural drying, the moisture content (wet basis) of wood reached 29.6%, and there was an increase of 47.6% in the low heating value (12.4 MJ kg-1 wet basis) after the storage in the autumn–winter, which is the most suitable period for air–drying of logs. The rainy storage reduced the higher heating value of wood, which suggested a biological degradation of biomass.

scholarly journals Carbonization techniques and wood species influence quality attributes of charcoals produced from industrial sawmill residues in Eastern Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 345 ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Joseph ◽  
Achille Bernard BIWOLÉ ◽  
Evariste FEDOUNG FONGZOSSIE ◽  
Gilbert Tsoh EKASSI ◽  
Didier HUBERT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Wood Species ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Eastern Cameroon ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Cameroon harvests a considerable volume of round wood each year, only a small part of which is used for manufactured products. In recent decades, various charcoal-making initiatives have emerged around industrial timber-processing units, particularly in the eastern region, in order to develop a market for residual biomass. However, the undifferentiated use of these residues obtained from different species often results in products with varying energy potential that are not always appreciated by consumers. Moreover, the physical and chemical characteristics of the charcoal produced are unknown, as are the factors that influence its quality. The aim of this study was to assess the variability of the physical and chemical properties of charcoal produced from industrial sawmill residues in the eastern region of Cameroon using different carbonisation techniques. Three wood species, Ayous, Frake and Movingui, and three types of kilns (traditional, improved traditional and Casamance system) were used. For each species, three bundles of five pieces of wood each were prepared, with an initial moisture content ranging from 28% to 36%. The physical and chemical properties determined were moisture content, apparent density, volatile matter content, fixed carbon content, ash content and Higher Heating Value (HHV). Our results showed that the charcoal properties varied depending on the wood species and types of kilns used. Movingui, with the highest density (0.73 g/cm3), produced charcoal with the lowest moisture content (4.03%) and the highest apparent density (0.42 g/cm3). The lowest volatile matter content (20.32%), the lowest ash content (1.27%) and the highest fixed carbon content (74.95%) were also obtained with this species. All these values were obtained with Movingui charcoal produced with the Casamance system. However, the highest HHV (32.51 MJ/kg) was obtained with charcoal from Ayous, also produced with the Casamance system. On comparing the three charcoaling systems used, the Casamance model yielded the best physical and chemical charcoal properties. All the charcoals studied complied with FAO standards for cooking fuel. The highest HHV obtained with charcoal from Ayous hardwood shows its ability to release large amounts of thermal energy during combustion.   Keywords: Charcoal, carbonization technologies, eastern Cameroon, physicochemical properties, industrial sawmills wastes.

scholarly journals Potential of Biochar Derived from Agricultural Residues for Sustainable Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8147
Author(s):  
Sasiwimol Khawkomol ◽  
Rattikan Neamchan ◽  
Thunchanok Thongsamer ◽  
Soydoa Vinitnantharat ◽  
Boonma Panpradit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Agricultural Residues ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Horizontal Drum ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

A horizontal drum kiln is a traditional method widely used in Southeast Asian countries for producing biochar. An understanding of temperature conditions in the kiln and its influence on biochar properties is crucial for identifying suitable biochar applications. In this study, four agricultural residues (corncob, coconut husk, coconut shell, and rice straw) were used for drum kiln biochar production. The agricultural residues were turned into biochar within 100–200 min, depending on their structures. The suitability of biochar for briquette fuels was analyzed using proximate, ultimate, and elemental analysis. The biochar’s physical and chemical properties were characterized via bulk density, iodine number, pHpzc, SEM, and FTIR measurements. All biochars had low O/C and H/C ratios and negative charge from both carbonyl and hydroxyl groups. Coconut husk and shell biochar had desirable properties such as high heating value and a high amount of surface functional groups which can interact with nutrients in soil. These biochars are thus suitable for use for a variety of purposes including as biofuels, adsorbents, and as soil amendments.

scholarly journals Study of the Incorporation of Biomass Bottom Ash as a Filler for Discontinuous Grading Bituminous Mixtures with Bitumen Emulsion

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3334
Author(s):  
Jorge Suárez-Macías ◽  
Juan María Terrones-Saeta ◽  
Francisco Javier Iglesias-Godino ◽  
Francisco Antonio Corpas-Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Bituminous Mixtures ◽  
Bitumen Emulsion ◽  
Main Disadvantage ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Energy consumption, because of population development, is progressively increasing. For this reason, new sources of energy are being developed, such as that produced from the combustion of biomass. However, this type of renewable energy has one main disadvantage, the production of waste. Biomass bottom ash is a residue of this industry that currently has not much use. For this reason, this research evaluates its use as a filler in bituminous mixtures, since this sector also has a significant impact on the environment, as it requires large quantities of raw materials. With this objective, first, the physical and chemical properties of biomass bottom ashes were evaluated, verifying their characteristics for their use as filler. Subsequently, bituminous mixtures were conformed with biomass bottom ash as filler, and their physical and mechanical properties were analyzed through particle loss and Marshall tests. The results of these tests were compared with those obtained with the same type of mixture but with conventional and ophite aggregates. This study confirmed that biomass bottom ash was viable for use as a filler, creating mixtures with a higher percentage of bitumen, better mechanical behavior, and similar physical properties. In short, more sustainable material for roads was obtained with waste currently condemned to landfill.

scholarly journals Effect of Slice Weight and Soaking Time on the Physico-Chemical Properties of Cassava Flour (Manihotesculentus) used for Bakery Products

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-24
Author(s):  
C. R. Abah ◽  
C. N. Ishiwu ◽  
J. E. Obiegbuna ◽  
E. F. Okpalanma ◽  
C. S. Anarado
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Cassava Flour ◽  
Baked Goods ◽  
Cassava Root ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Quality cassava(Manihotesculentus, Crantz) flour is often influenced by process variables such as slice weight and soaking time which may affect its nutritional quality. In this study, the effect of process variables (slice weight and soaking time) on quality of cassava flour was carried out. Cassava root was peeled, washed and cut into varied sizes (25.86 - 54.14 g) and soaked at varied time (7.03 - 40.97 h). The proximate composition, physical and chemical properties of the flour were carried out using standard methods. The result in our findings showed that slice weight and soaking time had significant increase (p<0.05) on the proximate and physico-chemical properties of the flour.The amylose and amylopectin content of the flour increased with increasing soaking time while the hydrogen cyanide content decreased with increase in soaking time. Overall, the quality cassava flour displayed desirable properties for its incorporation into baked goods.

scholarly journals Development of Black Pepper Rotary Drum Dryer System

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Sakura Zainal Abidin ◽  
◽  
Mohamad Zulhatta Kifli ◽  
Annisa Jamali ◽  
Rasli Muslimen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Rotary Drum ◽  
Current Weight

Rotary drum dryer has been identified as hygienic and practical method to dry black pepper. The quality of black pepper is defined based on the chemical properties and moisture content. This research aims to develop a control system for black pepper rotary drum dryer. The dried pepper should meet the specific 12% moisture content while the heating temperature must be kept below 550C. The requirement of 12% moisture content is equivalent to 30% of the remaining weight of the pepper (final weight). The developed system uses Arduino Mega 2560 REV board as a microcontroller. A type K thermocouple with MAX6675 thermocouple amplifier and S-type load cells (TAS501) with HX711 load cell amplifier are used as input sensor to microcontroller. The system keeps measuring the current weight until it hit the targeted final weight. Two set of experiments that are using 500 g and 1500 g of pre-treated pepper were conducted to verify the system. As a result, the dryer was successful to work within the desired temperature and it stop operating just after the samples reached 12% of the moisture content. The finding has proven a shorten of drying time from 4 to 7 days when using the traditional method to the current 3 – 5 hours only when using the developed system. Hence, this is an improved method achieved to a quick drying of the black pepper.

scholarly journals Some physical and chemical properties of substrates designed for container production of spruce (Picea abies (L) Karst)

2004 ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Vesna Vratusa
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Nursery Production ◽  
Countries In Transition ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Efficient nursery production of woody plants, as well as the level of their successful application in urban green spaces, greatly depends upon properties of substrates in which these individuals grow, develop and endure. Furthermore, quality of substrate does not only affect the quality of future product (plant individual or green space), but distinctly determines its price. This element, extremely significant for all countries in transition, thus Serbia as well, commands finding ways of making qualitative, but least expensive substrate. The most logical solution is to use mixtures/substrates of precisely defined properties, composed of domestic components. Results presented in this paper imply that it is possible to create precisely such standard mixtures from domestic resources at relatively low cost, adjusted to needs of particular species, which would ultimately lead to successful, non-expensive nursery production and application of produced stock, both on domestic and foreign markets.

scholarly journals The Technological Investigations Of Manufacturing Of Energy Chips

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Ziedonis Miklašēvičs
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Lower Heating

The methodology in Latvia forest industry provide to determine the quality of energy chips only in long- term storage places before selling. Due to the lack of hard empirical data about the quality parameters of energy chips in different phases of manufacturing process, this research paper consists of: - the identification and analyses of the factors that influenced the values of energy chips quality features such as: bulk density, moisture content, ash content, higher and lower heating value according to actual moisture content and per dry mass of the chips; - the methodology for determination the quality parameters of energy chips by analysis the wood moisture content and by choice the method of the manufacturing of energy chips.

scholarly journals Effect of Bentonite on the Pelleting Properties of Iron Concentrate

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Liu ◽  
Bing Xie ◽  
Yue-lin Qin
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Iron Concentrate ◽  
Green Ball ◽  
Shock Temperature ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The physical and chemical properties such as particle size, montmorillonite content, swelling degree, water absorption, and blue absorption of A, B, and C bentonites were studied under laboratory conditions. The effects of adding different quality and different proportion of bentonite on falling strength, compression strength, and shock temperature of green pellet were investigated. The experimental results show that the montmorillonite content, water absorption, and methylene blue absorption of bentonite-B are the highest. And the quality of bentonite-B is the best, followed by bentonite-C and bentonite-A poor quality. When the amount of bentonite-B reduced from 1.5% to 1.0%, the strength of green pellets and the shock temperature both decrease. As the same proportion of A, B, and C bentonites, the green-ball strength and shock temperature are as follows: bentonite-A > bentonite-B > bentonite-C.

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