Study of the electrode gap influence on electrode erosion under the action of an electric arc

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Gouega ◽  
Ph. Teste ◽  
R. Andlauer ◽  
T. Leblanc ◽  
J.-P. Chabrerie
Keyword(s):  
Electric Arc ◽  
Electrode Erosion ◽  
Electrode Gap

Advanced Combustion System Solutions for Increasing Thermal Efficiency in Natural Gas Engines While Meeting Future Demand for Low NOx Emissions

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Tozzi ◽  
Emmanuella Sotiropoulou ◽  
Paul Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Flow Fields ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Electrode Erosion ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Electrode Gap ◽  
Advanced Combustion ◽  
Spark Plug

Key requirements for state of the art industrial gas engines are high engine thermal efficiency, high engine brake mean effective pressure (BMEP), low NOx emissions, and acceptable spark plug life. Fundamentally, as engine thermal efficiency and power density increase, along with the requirement of reduced NOx emissions, the pressure at the time of ignition increases. This results in a higher spark breakdown voltage that negatively affects spark plug life. This problem is resolved with a smaller electrode gap and high spark energy to overcome quenching effects during ignition kernel development. High flow fields in the spark gap region are required to assure the spreading of the discharge, which reduces the rate of electrode erosion. In addition, these high flow fields overcome mixture inhomogeneities by developing large ignition kernels. These large ignition kernels, inside the prechamber spark plug, produce high velocity flame jets into the main chamber enhancing combustion, which results in thermal efficiency gains at lower NOx levels and higher BMEP. The advanced combustion system solution discussed in this paper is the combination of high-energy ignition and a prechamber spark plug with flow fields at the electrode gap. Future developments include improved ion signal quality detonation detection resulting in additional gains in thermal efficiency.

scholarly journals Stability, spatial extension and extinction of an electric arc in aeronautical conditions of pressure under 540 V DC

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 30901
Author(s):  
Romaric Landfried ◽  
Mohamed Boukhlifa ◽  
Thierry Leblanc ◽  
Philippe Teste ◽  
Jonathan Andrea
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
High Speed Camera ◽  
Arc Length ◽  
Electrode Gap ◽  
Arc Current ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Energy Dissipated

This work deals with the characterization of DC electric arcs in aeronautical conditions of pressure (from 104 Pa to 105 Pa). Observations have been made with the help of a high speed camera and various characteristics of electric arc under 540 V DC have been studied: the stability arc length, the extinction gap, the arc duration and the mean energy dissipated in the arc. The arc current intensity range is 10–100 A. The obtained results show that the arc stability length, extinction electrode gap, arc duration and energy dissipation in the arc have a direct correlation with the pressure and the current in the circuit.

DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF A SHOCK WAVE GENERATOR FOR MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHEN-MIN LIANG ◽  
KIET-HOUNG CHOW ◽  
IOANNIS MANOUSAKAS ◽  
YONG-REN PU ◽  
CHIEN-CHEN CHANG
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
Electrode Erosion ◽  
Shock Wave Therapy ◽  
Electrode Gap ◽  
Wave Generator ◽  
Electrohydraulic Shock

In the past ten years, extracorporeal shock waves have been successfully used in orthopedics. The idea of shock wave therapy is the stimulation of a healing process. Electrohydraulic shock wave therapy provides higher energy density flux than electromagnetic and piezoelectric types. But electrohydraulic shock wave generators are less stable than the other two types because of electrode erosion. In this study, a shock wave generator with a controllable spark gap system has been designed in order to give steady output pressures by automatic adjustment of the electrode gap. An ellipsoidal shock wave reflector is equipped with two AC servo motors with drivers. The motor driver actuates the associated motor which is connected to an electrode base by a belt. On a designed image feedback system, a CCD camera is used as the image detection tool to measure the electrode gap. Experimental results show the coincidence of the second focus of the shock wave reflector with the gas-dynamic focus. Moreover, measurements of focused pressure and energy intensity with PCB and PVDF pressure sensors and tests of stone fragmentation efficiency have been carried out to evaluate the performance of the newly designed shock wave generator with a gap-adjusted system and an image feedback system. It is found that the designed electrohydraulic shock wave generator is stable and efficient in pressure output with a low cost of electrodes.

A Simple Cold-Electrode Erosion Model for Non-stationary Arc Spots: I. Application to Electric Arc Heaters

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (Part 1, No. 8) ◽  
pp. 5290-5294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aruy Marotta ◽  
Leonid I. Sharakhovsky ◽  
Alexei M. Essiptchouk
Keyword(s):  
Electric Arc ◽  
Electrode Erosion ◽  
Erosion Model
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