scholarly journals Run Control Software For The Upgrade Of The Atlas Muon To Central Trigger Processor Interface (MUCTPI)

2019 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 01034
Author(s):  
Ralf Spiwoks ◽  
Aaron Armbruster ◽  
German Carrillo-Montoya ◽  
Magda Chelstowska ◽  
Patrick Czodrowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Programmable Logic ◽  
Trigger System ◽  
Control Software ◽  
Atlas Experiment ◽  
Arm Processor ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Control Application ◽  
Processor Cores

The Muon to Central Trigger Processor Interface (MUCTPI) of the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider(LHC) at CERN is being upgraded for the next run of the LHC in order to use optical inputs and to provide full-precision information for muon candidates to the topological trigger processor (L1TOPO) of the Level-1 trigger system. The new MUCTPI is implemented as a single ATCA blade with high-end processing FPGAs which eliminate doublecounting of muon candidates in overlapping regions, send muon candidates to L1TOPO, and muon multiplicities tothe Central Trigger Processor (CTP), as well as readout data to the data acquisition system of the experiment. A Xilinx Zynq System-on-Chip (SoC) with a programmable logic part and a processor part is used for the communication to the processing FPGAs and the run control system. The processor part, based on ARM processor cores, is running embedded Linux prepared using the framework of the Linux Foundation's Yocto project. The ATLAS run control software was ported to the processor part and a run control application was developed which receives, at configuration, all data necessary for the overlap handling and candidate counting of the processing FPGAs. During running, the application provides ample monitoring of the physics data and of the operation of the hardware. *

scholarly journals The Detector Control System for the magnetic field sensors in New Small Wheel phase I upgrade of ATLAS detector

2021 ◽  
Vol 2105 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
Stamatios Tzanos
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Control System ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Atlas Detector ◽  
Magnetic Field Sensors ◽  
Atlas Experiment ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Detector Control System

Abstract In conjunction with the High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider accelerator at CERN, the ATLAS detector is also undergoing an upgrade to handle the significantly higher data rates. The muon end-cap system upgrade in ATLAS, lies with the replacement of the Small Wheel. The New Small Wheel (NSW) is expected to combine high tracking precision with upgraded information for the Level-1 trigger. To accomplish this, small Thin Gap Chamber (sTGC) and MicroMegas detector technologies are being deployed. Due to their installation location in ATLAS, the effects of Barrel Toroid and End-Cap Toroid magnets on NSW must be measured. For the final experiment at ATLAS, each sTGC large double wedge will be equipped with magnetic field Hall effect sensors to monitor the magnetic field near the NSW. The readout is done with an Embedded Local Monitor Board (ELMB) called MDT DCS Module (MDM). For the integration of this hardware in the experiment, first, a detector control system was developed to test the functionality of all sensors before their installation on the detectors. Subsequently, another detector control system was developed for the commissioning of the sensors. Finally, a detector control system based on the above two is under development for the expert panels of ATLAS experiment. In this paper, the sensor readout, the connectivity mapping and the detector control systems will be presented.

scholarly journals The ATLAS Level-1 topological processor: Experience and upgrade plans

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (34n35) ◽  
pp. 2044008
Author(s):  
Carlos Moreno Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Heavy Flavor ◽  
Trigger System ◽  
Hadronic Jets ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Background Rejection ◽  
Innovative System ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Results

During Run 2 (2015–2018) the Large Hadron Collider has provided, at the World’s highest energy frontier, proton–proton collisions to the ATLAS experiment with high instantaneous luminosity (up to [Formula: see text]), placing stringent operational and physics requirements on the ATLAS trigger system in order to reduce the 40 MHz collision rate to a manageable event storage rate of 1 kHz, while not rejecting interesting collisions. The Level-1 trigger is the first rate-reducing step in the ATLAS trigger system with an output rate of up to 100 kHz and decision latency of less than 2.5 [Formula: see text]s. In Run 2, an important role was played by the Level-1 Topological Processor (L1Topo). This innovative system consists of two blades designed in AdvancedTCA form factor, mounting four individual state-of-the-art processors, and providing high input bandwidth and low latency data processing. Up to 128 topological trigger algorithms can be implemented to select interesting events by applying kinematic and angular requirements on electromagnetic clusters, hadronic jets, muons and total energy reconstructed in the ATLAS apparatus. This resulted in a significantly improved background rejection and enhanced acceptance of physics signal events, despite the increasing luminosity. The L1Topo system has become more and more important for physics analyses making use of low energy objects, commonly present in the Heavy Flavor or Higgs physics events, for example. An overview of the L1Topo architecture, simulation and performance results during Run 2 is presented alongside with upgrade plans for the L1Topo system to be installed for the future Run 3 data taking period.

scholarly journals The Impact of Applying Wildcards to Disabled Modules for Ftk Pattern Banks on Efficiency and Data Flow

2019 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 01039
Author(s):  
Khalil Bouaouda ◽  
Stefan Schmitt ◽  
Driss Benchekroun
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Track Reconstruction ◽  
Trigger System ◽  
Level Trigger ◽  
Efficiency Losses ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fast Tracker

Online selection is an essential step to collect the most relevant collisions from the very large number of collisions inside the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The Fast TracKer (FTK) is a hardware based track finder, built to greatly improve the ATLAS trigger system capabilities for identifying interesting physics processes through track-based signatures. The FTK is reconstructing after each Level-1 trigger all tracks with pT > 1 GeV, such that the high-level trigger system gains access to track information at an early stage. FTK track reconstruction starts with a pattern recognition step. Patterns are found with hits in seven out of eight possible detector layers. Disabled detector modules, as often encountered during LHC operation, lead to efficiency losses. To recover efficiency, WildCards (WC) algorithms are implemented in the FTK system. The WC algorithm recovers inefficiency but also causes high combinatorial background and thus increased data volumes in the FTK system, possibly exceeding hardware limitations. To overcome this, a refined algorithm to select patterns is developed and investigated in this article.

scholarly journals ATLAS Level-1 Endcap Muon Trigger for Run 3

2020 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Atsushi Mizukami
Keyword(s):  
Data Transfer ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
High Transverse Momentum ◽  
Readout System ◽  
Trigger System ◽  
Muon Trigger ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
High Event

The Large Hadron Collider is expected to operate with a centre-ofmass energy of 14 TeV and an instantaneous luminosity of 2.0 1034 cm−2s−1 for Run 3 scheduled from 2021 to 2024. In order to cope with the high event rate, an upgrade of the ATLAS trigger system is required. The level-1 endcap muon trigger system identifies muons with high transverse momentum by combining data from fast muon trigger detectors, called Thin Gap Chambers on the Big Wheel. Inner muon detectors (the Small Wheel and the Tile Calorimeter) coincidence was introduced to reduce fake muon contamination. In the ongoing Phase-1 upgrade the present Small Wheel is replaced with the New Small Wheel and additional Resistive Plate Chambers are installed in the inner region of the ATLAS muon spectrometer for the endcap muon trigger. Precision track information from the new detectors can be used as part of the muon trigger logic to enhance the performance significantly. The trigger processor board, Sector Logic, has been upgraded to handle the additional data from the new detectors. The new Sector Logic board has a modern FPGA to make use of Multi-Gigabit transceiver technology, which is used to receive data from the new detectors. The readout system for trigger data has also been re-designed to minimize the use of custom electronics and instead use commercial computers and network switches, by using TCP/IP for the data transfer. The new readout system uses a software-based data-handling. This paper describes the development of the level-1 endcap muon trigger and its readout system for Run 3.

scholarly journals Triggering long-lived particles in HL-LHC and the challenges in the first stage of the trigger system

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biplob Bhattacherjee ◽  
Swagata Mukherjee ◽  
Rhitaja Sengupta ◽  
Prabhat Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
High Luminosity ◽  
Trigger System ◽  
Pile Up ◽  
The Future ◽  
Level 1

Abstract Triggering long-lived particles (LLPs) at the first stage of the trigger system is very crucial in LLP searches to ensure that we do not miss them at the very beginning. The future High Luminosity runs of the Large Hadron Collider will have increased number of pile-up events per bunch crossing. There will be major upgrades in hardware, firmware and software sides, like tracking at level-1 (L1). The L1 trigger menu will also be modified to cope with pile-up and maintain the sensitivity to physics processes. In our study we found that the usual level-1 triggers, mostly meant for triggering prompt particles, will not be very efficient for LLP searches in the 140 pile-up environment of HL-LHC, thus pointing to the need to include dedicated L1 triggers in the menu for LLPs. We consider the decay of the LLP into jets and develop dedicated jet triggers using the track information at L1 to select LLP events. We show in our work that these triggers give promising results in identifying LLP events with moderate trigger rates.

scholarly journals The ATLAS electron and photon trigger performance in Run 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (34n35) ◽  
pp. 2044007
Author(s):  
Daniela Maria Köck
Keyword(s):  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Final States ◽  
Atlas Experiment ◽  
Level Trigger ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
High Level ◽  
Electron And Photon

Electron and photon triggers are an important part of many physics analyses at the ATLAS experiment, where electron and photon final states are considered. Understanding the performance of electron and photon triggers at the High Level trigger as well as the Level-1 trigger was crucial to improve and adapt the trigger during changing run conditions of the Large Hadron Collider in Run 2 (2015–2018).

scholarly journals Software Based Control and Monitoring of a Hardware Based Track Reconstruction System for the ATLAS Experiment

2019 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 01021
Author(s):  
Simone Sottocornola
Keyword(s):  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Track Reconstruction ◽  
Trigger System ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Atlas Experiment ◽  
Level Trigger ◽  
High Level ◽  
Monitoring Information ◽  
Fast Tracker

During Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) the instantaneous luminosity exceeded the nominal value of 1034 cm−2 s−1 with a 25 ns bunch crossing period and the number of overlapping proton-proton interactions per bunch crossing increased to a maximum of about 80. These conditions pose a challenge to the trigger system of the experiments that has to manage rates while keeping a good efficiency for interesting physics events. This document summarizes the software based control and monitoring of a hardware-based track reconstruction system for the ATLAS experiment, called Fast Tracker (FTK), composed of associative memories and FPGAs operating at the rate of 100 kHz and providing high quality track information within the available latency to the high-level trigger. In particular, we will detail the commissioning of the FTK within the ATLAS online software system presenting the solutions adopted for scaling up the system and ensuring robustness and redundancy. We will also describe the solutions to challenges such as controlling the occupancy of the buffers, managing the heterogeneous and large configuration, and providing monitoring information at sufficient rate.

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