scholarly journals Production and Separation of Radioactive Ion Beams

2020 ◽  
Vol 227 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Marco Mazzocco
Keyword(s):  
Big Bang ◽  
Ion Beams ◽  
Radioactive Ion Beams ◽  
Solar Model ◽  
Standard Solar Model ◽  
Separation Techniques ◽  
The Big Bang ◽  
Explosive Events

Radioactive nuclei play an important role in many astrophysical scenarios,from the Big-Bang Nucleo-synthesis to the standard solar model, from quiescent burning to the most explosive events that can occur in our universe. A huge effort has been made for more than thirty years to construct facilities able to deliver beams of radioactive nuclei with increasing intensity and better quality. This contribution revises the different mechanisms and the separation techniques employed for the production of Radioactive Ion Beams.

A view of the universe before the big bang

2006 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 15-15
Author(s):  
D CASTELVECCHI
Keyword(s):  
Big Bang ◽  
The Big Bang ◽  
The Universe

The First Galaxies in the Universe

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Loeb ◽  
Steven R. Furlanetto
Keyword(s):  
Galaxy Evolution ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
First Stars ◽  
Distant Galaxies ◽  
Formation And Evolution ◽  
Early Galaxies ◽  
First Galaxies ◽  
Large Telescopes ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Big Bang

This book provides a comprehensive, self-contained introduction to one of the most exciting frontiers in astrophysics today: the quest to understand how the oldest and most distant galaxies in our universe first formed. Until now, most research on this question has been theoretical, but the next few years will bring about a new generation of large telescopes that promise to supply a flood of data about the infant universe during its first billion years after the big bang. This book bridges the gap between theory and observation. It is an invaluable reference for students and researchers on early galaxies. The book starts from basic physical principles before moving on to more advanced material. Topics include the gravitational growth of structure, the intergalactic medium, the formation and evolution of the first stars and black holes, feedback and galaxy evolution, reionization, 21-cm cosmology, and more.

The Planet in a Pebble

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Zalasiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Supernova Explosions ◽  
Deep Underground ◽  
The Big Bang ◽  
The Universe

This is the story of a single pebble. It is just a normal pebble, as you might pick up on holiday - on a beach in Wales, say. Its history, though, carries us into abyssal depths of time, and across the farthest reaches of space. This is a narrative of the Earth's long and dramatic history, as gleaned from a single pebble. It begins as the pebble-particles form amid unimaginable violence in distal realms of the Universe, in the Big Bang and in supernova explosions and continues amid the construction of the Solar System. Jan Zalasiewicz shows the almost incredible complexity present in such a small and apparently mundane object. Many events in the Earth's ancient past can be deciphered from a pebble: volcanic eruptions; the lives and deaths of extinct animals and plants; the alien nature of long-vanished oceans; and transformations deep underground, including the creations of fool's gold and of oil. Zalasiewicz demonstrates how geologists reach deep into the Earth's past by forensic analysis of even the tiniest amounts of mineral matter. Many stories are crammed into each and every pebble around us. It may be small, and ordinary, this pebble - but it is also an eloquent part of our Earth's extraordinary, never-ending story.

When did the Big Bang happen?

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-33
Author(s):  
F. A. Tsitsin
Keyword(s):  
Big Bang ◽  
The Big Bang

scholarly journals Yttrium Oxide Freeze-Casts: Target Materials for Radioactive Ion Beams

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2864
Author(s):  
Eva Kröll ◽  
Miriana Vadalà ◽  
Juliana Schell ◽  
Simon Stegemann ◽  
Jochen Ballof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Structure ◽  
Yttrium Oxide ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Isotope Separation ◽  
Target Material ◽  
Ion Beams ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
Radioactive Ion Beams ◽  
Freeze Casting

Highly porous yttrium oxide is fabricated as ion beam target material in order to produce radioactive ion beams via the Isotope Separation On Line (ISOL) method. Freeze casting allows the formation of an aligned pore structure in these target materials to improve the isotope release. Aqueous suspensions containing a solid loading of 10, 15, and 20 vol% were solidified with a unidirectional freeze-casting setup. The pore size and pore structure of the yttrium oxide freeze-casts are highly affected by the amount of solid loading. The porosity ranges from 72 to 84% and the crosslinking between the aligned channels increases with increasing solid loading. Thermal aging of the final target materials shows that an operation temperature of 1400 °C for 96 h has no significant effect on the microstructure. Thermo-mechanical calculation results, based on a FLUKA simulation, are compared to measured compressive strength and forecast the mechanical integrity of the target materials during operation. Even though they were developed for the particular purpose of the production of short-lived radioactive isotopes, the yttria freeze-cast scaffolds can serve multiple other purposes, such as catalyst support frameworks or high-temperature fume filters.

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