scholarly journals Assessing vehicle restraint systems on horizontal curves

2018 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Marcin Budzyński ◽  
Dawid Bruski
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Numerical Test ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Safety Equipment ◽  
Horizontal Curves ◽  
Numerical Tests ◽  
The Right ◽  
Crash Tests

Horizontal curves, an element of road infrastructure, have a statistically high number of accidents. Considering that horizontal curves in the last ten years have had app. 10% of all road accidents representing app. 14% of all fatalities on Polish roads, the issue is serious and requires more research and proper road safety treatments. Data for 2007 - 2016 show that in the case of accidents on horizontal curves app. 45% of the fatalities happened as a result of crashing into roadside obstacles such as signs and first of all trees. This shows that horizontal curves require road safety equipment, and specifically, safety barriers. Key to this is using the right equipment and the right parameters. To achieve that, full-scale crash tests should be conducted to be followed by numerical tests. The article will present a synthesis of the available research conducted in Poland and abroad. An assessment will be made of four crash tests of TB32 with barriers that have a steel and cable guardrail. They are the outcome of the RID 3A “Road safety equipment” project called RoSE. Building on these tests, numerical test results will be presented.

Numerical Analysis of TB32 Crash Tests for 4-cable Guardrail Barrier System Installed on the Horizontal Convex Curves of Road

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wilde ◽  
Dawid Bruski ◽  
Marcin Budzyński ◽  
Stanisław Burzyński ◽  
Jacek Chróścielewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Horizontal Curves ◽  
Convex Curves ◽  
Safety Barriers ◽  
Crash Tests

AbstractHorizontal curves are one of the elements of road infrastructure where statistically a relatively high number of accidents have been reported. In the last 10 years in Poland, approximately 10% of all road accidents happened on horizontal curves of roads and was responsible for approximately 14% of all fatalities on Polish roads. Thus, this issue is important and requires extensive research and proper road safety treatments. One possible measure that may contribute to improvement of safety on road curves may be barriers. The purpose of this work is to assess, with use of numerical simulations, the performance of the 4-cable barrier systems installed on horizontal road convex curves. The most important parameters for road safety barriers are presented including the effect of various impact velocities and the radiuses of the road curves.

scholarly journals On the validation of the LS-DYNA Geo Metro numerical model

2019 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 10001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawid Bruski ◽  
Stanisław Burzyński ◽  
Jacek Chróścielewski ◽  
Łukasz Pachocki ◽  
Wojciech Witkowski
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Finite Element Code ◽  
Numerical Tests ◽  
Safety Barriers ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Crash Tests

The paper presents experiences gained during work with numerical model of Geo Metro vehicle used for simulations of crash tests with road safety barriers. Attention is drawn to the subject of tire/wheel breakage during collision events. Some methods for improvement of the model are presented in the paper. Several results for the normative vehicle numerical tests are introduced. Simulations were carried out using LS-DYNA finite element code with solver version R8.1.

scholarly journals The influence of position of the post or its absence on the performance of the cable barrier system

2018 ◽  
Vol 219 ◽  
pp. 02012
Author(s):  
Dawid Bruski ◽  
Stanisław Burzyński ◽  
Jacek Chróścielewski ◽  
Łukasz Pachocki ◽  
Krzysztof Wilde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
The Road ◽  
Safety Barriers ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Crash Tests

Road safety barriers are used to increase safety in potentially dangerous places on the roads. They are designed and installed on the roads to prevent any vehicle from getting outside the travelled way or from entering the opposite lane of the road. Barriers, which are used on European roads, have to undergo full scale crash tests according to the EN 1317 standards. Nowadays as a supplement to real crash tests, numerical simulations are commonly used. The work concerns the influence of position of the post or its absence on the crashworthiness of the cable barrier based on numerical study results.

scholarly journals Repeatability of Full-Scale Crash Tests and Criteria for Validating Simulation Results

1996 ◽  
Vol 1528 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm H. Ray
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Finite Element Analyses ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Acceleration Time Histories ◽  
Time Histories ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Crash Tests

A method of comparing two acceleration time histories to determine whether they describe similar physical events is described. The method can be used to assess the repeatability of full-scale crash tests and it can also be used as a criterion for assessing how well a finite-element analysis of a collision event simulates a corresponding full-scale crash test. The method is used to compare a series of six identical crash tests and then is used to compare several finite-element analyses with full-scale crash test results.

scholarly journals The Effects of Roadside Hazards on Road Accident Severity

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Budzyński ◽  
Kazimierz Jamroz ◽  
Łukasz Jeliński ◽  
Anna Gobis
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road User ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Safety Equipment ◽  
Design Rules ◽  
The Road ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Safety Strategies ◽  
Accident Severity

Abstract The risk of becoming involved in an accident emerges when elements of the transport system do not operate properly (man – vehicle – road – roadside). The road, its traffic layout and safety equipment have a critical impact on road user safety. This gives infrastructural work a priority in road safety strategies and programmes. Run-off-road accidents continue to be one of the biggest problems of road safety with consequences including vehicle roll-over or hitting a roadside object. This type of incident represents more than 20% of rural accidents and about 18% of all road deaths in Poland. Mathematical models must be developed to determine how selected roadside factors affect road safety and provide a basis for new roadside design rules and guidelines.

NCHRP Report 350 Crash Test Results for Connecticut Truck-Mounted Attenuator

1996 ◽  
Vol 1528 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
John F. Carney ◽  
Charles E. Dougan ◽  
Eric C. Lohrey
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
Test Series ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Impact Attenuation ◽  
Crash Tests ◽  
Test Level ◽  
Level 2

The results of four full-scale crash tests performed on the Connecticut Truck Mounted Attenuator (CTMA) are summarized. The tests were conducted in accordance with the guidelines of NCHRP Report 350 for Test Level 2 devices. NCHRP Report 350 specifies two required and two optional tests. The four crash tests passed all requirements of NCHRP Report 350. No repeat tests were required, and the results were uniformly excellent. The successful CTMA test series is the first of several NCHRP Report 350 test programs that are anticipated to gain compliance for various impact attenuation systems designed and developed in Connecticut.

scholarly journals Assessment of Road Restraint Systems in Polish Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 325-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Budzyński ◽  
Kazimierz Jamroz ◽  
Łukasz Jeliński
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Infrastructure Management ◽  
Safety Equipment ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Safety Barrier ◽  
Crash Tests

Abstract Key to understanding the needs and tools of road infrastructure management is identifying the hazards and their sources involved in having no or faulty road restraint systems. Clarity is also needed on why the systems are wrongly designed, constructed, built and operated. To ensure that the problem is adequately understood, research and site observations were conducted and mathematical models were built to describe the level of roadside risk. To aid studies of road safety barrier and other road safety equipment functionality, it is vital to carry out field crash tests and crash test simulations. The main goal of the work is to develop a method for selecting optimal road restraint systems.

scholarly journals Numerical simulation of the influence of the selected factors on the performance of a concrete road barrier H2/W5/B

2018 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 01014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Pachocki ◽  
Krzysztof Wilde
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Assessment Criterion ◽  
Qualitative Comparison ◽  
Failure Assessment ◽  
Modelling Techniques ◽  
Severity Indexes

This paper discuss the influence of selected factors on the performance of a concrete road barrier H2/W5/B. Modelling techniques of a concrete road safety system were briefly discussed. Comparison to the full scale crash test results has been shown. The concrete road safety barrier has been investigated for evaluation of the overall damage after collision under various initial conditions. The failure assessment criterion has been proposed and it was derived from a qualitative comparison of the numerical results with the full scale crash test data. Impact severity indexes have been calculated and discussed.

scholarly journals To solve the problem of driving a car in epilepsy: by liberalization or by tightening the license?

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
I. V. Ponomareva ◽  
A. P. Gerzen ◽  
M. N. Lapina ◽  
M. A. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Liberal Approach ◽  
The Right ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

In the modern mobile world, there is no single solution to the problem of issuing a driving license for patients with epilepsy. Most countries do have liberalized laws that allow driving a car to persons with controlled epilepsy. As far as individuals with regular seizures are concerned, there is a temporary prohibition to drive with potential restoration of the driving right if there is no relapse. The existing experience has shown that such strategy can lead not only to higher quality of life of the patients (more than 70% patients with epilepsy has the right to drive a car), but also to ensure the road safety. Even with this quite liberal approach, about 20% of the drivers with epilepsy do not have their epilepsy fully controlled. In the countries with absolute prohibition of the driving in epilepsy, such as the Russian Federation and China, there is no official statistics on the issue. Based on our practical experience, we concluded on a high (at least 35%) prevalence of drivers among patients with epilepsy; this cannot but increase the risk of road accidents, including fatal. Based on a clinical observation, we illustrate the failure of the mechanisms to prevent road accidents related to epilepsy that are currently in force in the Russian Federation. In our opinion, the problem under discussion does not have an exclusively medical solution. Taking into consideration the accumulated world experience, ensuring of the road safety requires that the state law regulations should be in effect that include a differentiated approached to issuing of permissions to drive a car for persons with epilepsy, from one side, and a serious legal treatment of persons with epilepsy who ignore their adequate therapy and become a cause for road accidents inflicting an injury, from the other.

scholarly journals Road traffic safety analysis on the example of selected national roads in the Lubelskie Voivodeship

2021 ◽  
Vol 201 (3) ◽  
pp. 572-584
Author(s):  
Renata Stefaniak
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
The Right ◽  
National Road

The article shows the essence of road safety in the Lubelskie Voivodeship on the example of two longest and most dangerous No. 19 and 74 national roads running through the voivodeship. The article aims to diagnose the current state of road safety in the Lubelskie Voivodeship and identify opportunities for its improvement. The statistical data of the Central Statistical Office in Lublin, annual reports on road accidents of the Police Headquarters in Warsaw, reports of the National Road Safety Council, and documents of the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways Branch in Lublin were used to analyze the safety. The analysis of the statistical documents allowed the conclusion that ten national roads run through the Lubelskie Voivodeship. Roads No. 9, 17, and 74 are the longest ones. However, on a national scale, roads No. 19 and 74 are of great importance to road safety. It has been observed that the number of road accidents in the Lubelskie Voivodeship is decreasing year by year; thus, the number of accident victims is also falling. The national road No. 19 remains the most dangerous. Passenger car drivers most frequently caused road accidents since they did not adopt the speed to road conditions or obey the right of way. The Provincial Road Safety Improvement Program in Lublin assumed a significant reduction in the number of victims killed and injured on the roads. Unfortunately, after analyzing the statistical data over the years, it can be stated that even though the assumed goal was not achieved, the accident victim rate improved.

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