scholarly journals Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Friction Stir Spot Welded 6082-T6 Aluminium Alloy Joint

2019 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
pp. 01005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Muhayat ◽  
Bobby Priatmana Putra ◽  
Triyono
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Dwell Time ◽  
Stir Zone ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Shear Load ◽  
Tensile Shear ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Time Lead ◽  
Spot Welded

Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) can substitute resistance spot welding (RSW) to avoid the problem due to melting materials during welding. In this investigation, a friction stir spot welded 6082 T6 joint was made to study the effect of pin diameter and dwell time on mechanical properties and microstructure with variation of pin diameter and dwell time. In the stir zone, it is observed that the grain structure is fine equiaxed recrystallized grain whereas in the HAZ, it is coarse grain. The increase of pin diameter and dwell time lead to the increase of tensile shear load. The highest tensile-shear load obtained is 4987.1 N at the highest pin diameter of 7 mm and dwell time of 3 seconds, while the lowest one is 788.2 N that obtained at pin diameter pin of 3 mm and dwell time 3 second. The highest micro Vickers hardness obtained at stir zone of 96.2 VHN, while the lowest one is 42.1 VHN.

scholarly journals Effect of Zn Interlayer Particles on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Friction Stir Spot Welding Aluminum Alloy

2018 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Lingga Arti Saputra ◽  
Nurul Muhayat ◽  
Triyono
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Dwell Time ◽  
Aluminum Matrix ◽  
Friction Stir Spot Welding ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Shear Load ◽  
Tensile Shear ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Spot Welded

Global warming can be reduced by controlling emissions in motor vehicles. Lightweight aluminum materials can lower the engine work so as to reduce fuel consumption.The effect of dwell time on mechanical properties and microstructure friction stir spot welded AA1100 with particle interlayer Zn were investigated. The result shows that the particle interlayer Zn affect to the mechanical properties. The tensile shear load friction stir spot welded AA1100 with particle interlayer Zn is higher than hart of without particle interlayer Zn. In line with tensile shear load that the hardness of friction stir spot welded Al with particle interlayer Zn got the higher hardness than of without particle interlayer Zn. The addition of particle interlayer Zn reduce the hook defect and spread in the aluminum matrix as solid solution.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ROTATIONAL SPEED AND DWELL TIME ON PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FRICTION STIR SPOT WELDING ALUMINIUM 1100 WITH ZN POWDER INTERLAYER ADDITION

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Noor ◽  
Nurul Muhayat ◽  
. Triyono
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Dwell Time ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Spot Welding ◽  
Shear Load ◽  
Tensile Shear ◽  
Lightweight Materials ◽  
Friction Stir

<p><em>Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is one of the development of solid state welding to joint lightweight materials such as aluminium. In the automotive industry, lightweight materials are needed in the structure of vehicle construction to improve efficiency in vehicles. This research aims to find out how the effect of rotational speed and dwell time on physical and mechanical properties on the weld joint of aluminium 1100 with Zn interlayer addition. Variations used in rotational speed 1000, 1250, 1600 rpm and dwell time 6, 7, 8 s. Pullout fracture occur in tensile tests that are getting bigger with increasing rotational speed and dwell time. The results of SEM and EDS observations showed that the metallurgical bonded zone increased and kept the hook defect away. The spread of Zn in the stir zone area causes the formation of solid Al-Zn phase in a solid solution. The hook defect filled with Zn can minimize cracks that occur, so increased the tensile shear load. The highest tensile shear load value of FSSW AA1100 without Zn interlayer is 3.61 kN, while the FSSW AA1100 with Zn interlayer addition is 4.34 kN.</em></p>

scholarly journals Study the microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar friction stir spot welding of carbon steel 1006 to aluminum alloy aa2024-t3

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.1) ◽  
pp. 3037
Author(s):  
Isam Tareq Abdullah ◽  
Zaman Khalil Ibrahim ◽  
Ahmed Ibrahim Razooqi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Dwell Time ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Friction Stir Spot Welding ◽  
Shear Load ◽  
Tensile Shear ◽  
Friction Stir

Friction stir spot welding-FSSW has been suggested as effectual process to welding difficult materials such as dissimilar materials and thin sheet of metal alloys. In this study, using dissimilar materials were welded carbon steel-1006 on upper plate and aluminum alloy AA2024-T3 on lower plate. Macrostructure, micro-structural analysis and mechanical properties of the joints are done. The effect of penetration depth, dwell time and spindle speed on tensile shear load are investigated with invariable of other parameter during welding process. The maximum tensile shear load (3.31KN) was occurred when using 0.4mm of penetration depth, 10 sec of dwell time and 1400 rpm of spindle speed. Also, two type of failure shape was observed interfacial fracture of carbon steel sheet and pull-out fracture of AA2024-T3 sheet.

scholarly journals Investigasi dan Optimasi Parameter Proses Micro Friction Stir Spot Welding Material A1100/Cu1100P Menggunakan Metode Taguchi

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Pathya Rupajati ◽  
Pathya Rupajati
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Intermetallic Compound ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Dwell Time ◽  
Friction Stir Spot Welding ◽  
Shear Load ◽  
Tool Rotational Speed ◽  
Tensile Shear ◽  
Plunge Depth ◽  
Friction Stir

Abstrak  Salah satu karakteristik sifat mekanis yang penting untuk dianalisis adalah tensile shear load. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan optimasi tensile shear load hasil pengelasan micro friction stir welding (µFSSW) pada material AA1100 dan Cu1100P menggunakan metode Taguchi. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah matriks orthogonal array L8 dengan memvariasikan parameter proses pengelasan yaitu dwell time dan plunge depth yang memiliki masing-masing empat level dan dua level. Sedangkan variabel konstan yang digunakan adalah tool rotational speed sebesar 33.000 rpm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa parameter pengelasan yang memiliki kontribusi terbesar dalam meningkatkan tensile shear load hasil pengelasan micro friction stir spot welding adalah dwell time, yang menghasilkan tensile shear load sebesar 265,12 N dengan seting kombinasi dwell time pada 5 s dan plunge depth pada 0,7 mm. Hasil struktur mikro juga menunjukkan terlihat adanya flash dan hook defect, tetapi tidak menujukkan adanya intermetallic compound dan crack. Kata kunci: A1100, µFSSW, Taguchi, Dwell time, Plunge Depth

scholarly journals Effect of Tools Geometry and Dwell Time on Mechanical Properties and Macrograph of Two-Stage Refilled Friction Stir Spot Micro Weld

2019 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Ario Sunar Baskoro ◽  
Mohammad Azwar Amat ◽  
Muhammad Andre Widiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dwell Time ◽  
Shear Load ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Lap Joint ◽  
Tensile Shear ◽  
Surface Appearance ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Hardness Variation

In this present study, the two independent tools were used in the RFSSW process to joint similar material of AA1100 with a thickness of 0.42 mm using lap joint configuration. Effect of tools geometry and dwell time on mechanical properties, and macrograph was investigated. The joints were successfully obtained with better surface appearance. The micro-hardness variation at 4 group location shows higher than the base metal, while the maximum micro-hardness was obtained at parameter TC-8 at the center of the weld. Macrograph analysis showed the important factor that brings the plug fracture in all combination of parameters. It was the upward bending hook that leads to the crack propagate along the stirred zone to the top sheet, resulted in tear-off the top sheet from the bounded region. Increasing dwell time and tools size will increase the maximum tensile shear load significantly. The best average value of maximum tensile shear load that has been achieved was 561±24 N using the parameter tool C with 8 s dwell time (TC-8).

Effect of Dwell Time on Friction Stir Spot Welded Dual Phase Steel

2009 ◽  
Vol 83-86 ◽  
pp. 1143-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Al-Shahrani ◽  
Bradley P. Wynne
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Dwell Time ◽  
Dual Phase Steel ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Ferrite Matrix ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Dual Phase ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Spot Welded

Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is a relatively new welding technique which has already been successfully commercially applied on automotive aluminum alloys which, in turn, lead to significant energy savings and infrastructure cost-reductions. Due to the success of FSSW on Al alloys FSSW has generated tremendous interest in the automotive industry as an alternative joining process to resistance sport welding for steel body panels. Currently there is limited data on the mechanical properties and microstructure of friction stir spot welded steel thus the current aim was to investigate how these parameters chamged as a function of some critical process variables. In this instance spot welding of 2 mm thick high strength dual phase steel (DP800) was undertaken using a 3.5mm pin length tungsten rhenium tool with a tool rotation speed of 1000 rpm and plunge rate of 100 mm/min. Different dwell times of 0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 seconds were then applied prior to tool retraction to study the effect of dwell time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the spot welds. Investigation of the weld spot joints revealed three distinct microstructural zones; a) thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), b) heat affected zone (HAZ), and c) parent material zone. The TMAZ shows an acicular martensite microstructure while the HAZ shows a ferrite/martensite structure in a very fine scale when compared to parent material zone. The Parent material is a typical dual phase structure which is ferrite matrix with a dispersion of martensite. Therefore, the TMAZ was harder while HAZ was softer when compared with parent material zone. The tensile strength obtained from tensile tests and the bonding ligament which has been reported to be measures of strength were also found to increase with dwell time.

scholarly journals Effect of Rotational Speed, and Dwell Time on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Dissimilar AA5754 and AA7075-T651 Aluminum Sheet Alloys by Friction Stir Spot Welding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tauqir NASIR ◽  
Omer KALAF ◽  
Mohammed ASMAEL
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dwell Time ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Aluminum Sheet ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Shear Load ◽  
Tensile Shear ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Joint Quality

In the current study, the effects of dwell time and rotation speed on the mechanical properties and microstructure of friction stir spot welded joints of dissimilar aluminum sheet alloys were investigated. Aluminum AA5754 and AA7075-T651 alloys were selected as the work piece. The joint quality, microstructural evolution and mechanical behavior of the welded regions were considerably affected by the welding parameters. The results obtained that rotation speed and dwell time play an important role on welding quality of aluminum sheet. The microstructure images showed the dwell time and rotation speed has great effects on pin penetration and hook deformation. Maximum tensile shear load 806.3 N was produced at 1000 rpm and 2 s dwell time, while the tensile shear load reduced around 25 % with longer dwell time 5 s and high rotation speed 1400 rpm. Moreover, the welding joint microhardness was improved by the decrease of dwell time and increase of rotation speed.

scholarly journals Microstructural Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Spot Welded 2A12-T4 Aluminum Alloy

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijie Liu ◽  
Yunqiang Zhao ◽  
Xingye Su ◽  
Lilong Yu ◽  
Juncai Hou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Fracture Mode ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Tensile Shear ◽  
Microstructural Characteristics ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Welding Heat Input ◽  
Mixed Fracture ◽  
Spot Welded

2A12-T4 aluminum alloy was friction stir spot welded, and the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of the joints were investigated. A softened microstructural region existed in the joint, and it consisted of stir zone (SZ), thermal mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), and heat affected zone (HAZ). The minimum hardness was located in TMAZ, and the average hardness value in SZ can be improved by appropriately increasing welding heat input. The area of complete bonding region at the interface increased with increasing welding heat input because more interface metals were mixed. In a certain range of FSSW parameters, the tensile shear failure load of the joint increased with increasing rotation speed, but it decreased with increasing plunge rate or decreasing shoulder plunging depth. Two kinds of failure modes, that is, shear fracture mode and tensile-shear mixed fracture mode, can be observed in the tensile shear tests, and the joint that failed in the tensile-shear mixed fracture mode possessed a high carrying capability.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Fracture Behavior of Refill Friction Stir Spot Welded Joints of AA2024 Using a Novel Refill Technique

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lipeng Deng ◽  
Shuhan Li ◽  
Liming Ke ◽  
Jinhe Liu ◽  
Jidong Kang
Keyword(s):  
Spot Welding ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Shear Fracture ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Tensile Shear ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Corona Ring ◽  
Spot Welded

Keyhole at the end of a conventional friction stir welded (FSW) joint is one of the major concerns in certain applications. To address this issue, a novel keyhole refilling technique was developed for conventional friction stir spot welding (FSSW) using resistance spot welding (RSW). A three-phase secondary rectifier resistance welder was adapted for the refill of the keyhole in the 1.5 mm + 1.5 mm friction stir spot welded 2024-T4 aluminum alloy joint. The microstructure and tensile shear fracture behavior were compared for both the unfilled and refilled specimens. The results show that the plug and keyhole are dominated by solid state welding with some localized zones by fusion welding. The refill process significantly improved the maximum load capacity in tensile shear testing as the corona ring is enlarged leading to a larger bonding area. Moreover, the tensile shear fracture occurs in the refilled FSSW specimens at the corona bonding zone, while the fracture occurs at the hook zone in the unfilled keyhole.

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