Determination of biological joint reaction forces from in-vivo experiments using a hybrid combination of biomechanical and mechanical engineering software

In biomechanical field, several studies used OpenSim software to compute the joint reaction forces from kinematics and ground reaction forces measurements. The bio-inspired joints design and their manufacturing need the usage of mechanical modeling and simulation software tools. This paper proposes a new hybrid methodology to determine biological joint reaction forces from in vivo measurements using both biomechanical and mechanical engineering softwares. The methodology has been applied to the horse forelimb joints. The computed joint reaction forces results would be compared to the results obtained with OpenSim in a previous study. This new hybrid model used a combination of measurements (bone geometry, kinematics, ground reaction forces…) and also OpenSim results (muscular and ligament forces). The comparison between the two models showed values with an average difference of 8% at trotting and 16% at jumping. These differences can be associated with the differences between the modelling strategies. Despite these differences, the mechanical modeling method allows the computation of advanced simulations to handle contact conditions in joints. In future, the proposed mechanical engineering methodology could open the door to define a biological digital twin of a quadruped limb including the real geometry modelling of the joint.

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Influence of the Musculotendon Dynamics on the Muscle Force-Sharing Problem of the Shoulder—A Fully Inverse Dynamics Approach

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.4039675 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 140 (7) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Quental Carlos ◽

Azevedo Margarida ◽

Ambrósio Jorge ◽

Gonçalves S. B. ◽

Folgado João

Keyword(s):

Muscle Activation ◽

Inverse Dynamics ◽

Glenohumeral Joint ◽

Inverse Dynamic ◽

Force Sharing ◽

Joint Reaction Forces ◽

Reaction Forces ◽

Muscle Activations ◽

Joint Reaction

Abstract Most dynamic simulations are based on inverse dynamics, being the time-dependent physiological nature of the muscle properties rarely considered due to numerical challenges. Since the influence of muscle physiology on the consistency of inverse dynamics simulations remains unclear, the purpose of the present study is to evaluate the computational efficiency and biological validity of four musculotendon models that differ in the simulation of the muscle activation and contraction dynamics. Inverse dynamic analyses are performed using a spatial musculoskeletal model of the upper limb. The muscle force-sharing problem is solved for five repetitions of unloaded and loaded motions of shoulder abduction and shoulder flexion. The performance of the musculotendon models is evaluated by comparing muscle activation predictions with electromyography (EMG) signals, measured synchronously with motion for 11 muscles, and the glenohumeral joint reaction forces estimated numerically with those measured in vivo. The results show similar muscle activations for all muscle models. Overall, high cross-correlations are computed between muscle activations and the EMG signals measured for all movements analyzed, which provides confidence in the results. The glenohumeral joint reaction forces estimated compare well with those measured in vivo, but the influence of the muscle dynamics is found to be negligible. In conclusion, for slow-speed, standard movements of the upper limb, as those studied here, the activation and musculotendon contraction dynamics can be neglected in inverse dynamic analyses without compromising the prediction of muscle and joint reaction forces.

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Quantifying Force Magnitude and Loading Rate from Drop Landings That Induce Osteogenesis

Journal of Applied Biomechanics ◽

10.1123/jab.17.2.142 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 142-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Jeremy J. Bauer ◽

Robyn K. Fuchs ◽

Gerald A. Smith ◽

Christine M. Snow

Keyword(s):

Hip Joint ◽

Inverse Dynamics ◽

Initial Contact ◽

Ground Reaction Forces ◽

Loading Rates ◽

Impact Peak ◽

Joint Reaction Forces ◽

Reaction Forces ◽

Drop Landings ◽

Joint Reaction

Drop landings increase hip bone mass in children. However, force characteristics from these landings have not been studied. We evaluated ground and hip joint reaction forces, average loading rates, and changes across multiple trials from drop landings associated with osteogenesis in children. Thirteen prepubescent children who had previously participated in a bone loading program volunteered for testing. They performed 100 drop landings onto a force plate. Ground reaction forces (GRF) and two-dimensional kinematic data were recorded. Hip joint reaction forces were calculated using inverse dynamics. Maximum GRF were 8.5 ± 2.2 body weight (BW). At initial contact, GRF were 5.6 ± 1.4 BW while hip joint reactions were 4.7 ± 1.4 BW. Average loading rates for GRF were 472 ± 168 BW/s. Ground reaction forces did not change significantly across trials for the group. However, 5 individuals showed changes in max GRF across trials. Our data indicate that GRF are attenuated 19% to the hip at the first impact peak and 49% at the second impact peak. Given the skeletal response from the drop landing protocol and our analysis of the associated force magnitudes and average loading rates, we now have a data point on the response surface for future study of various combinations of force, rate, and number of load repetitions for increasing bone in children.

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How Well Does a Musculoskeletal Model Predict GH-Joint Contact Forces? Comparison With In-Vivo Data

Volume 4: 7th International Conference on Multibody Systems, Nonlinear Dynamics, and Control, Parts A, B and C ◽

10.1115/detc2009-87332 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

A. Asadi Nikooyan ◽

H. E. J. Veeger ◽

P. Westerhoff ◽

F. Graichen ◽

G. Bergmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Musculoskeletal Model ◽

Contact Forces ◽

Motion Data ◽

Joint Reaction Forces ◽

Joint Contact ◽

Reaction Forces ◽

Quantitative Validation ◽

Joint Reaction

The Delft Shoulder and Elbow Model (DSEM), a large-scale musculoskeletal model, allows for estimation of individual muscle and joint reaction forces in the shoulder and elbow complex. Although the model has been qualitatively verified previously using EMG signals, quantitative validation has not yet been feasible. In this paper we report on the validation of the DSEM by comparing the GH-joint contact forces estimated by the DSEM with the in-vivo forces measured by a recently developed instrumented shoulder endoprosthesis, capable of measuring the glenohumeral (GH) joint contact forces in-vivo [1]. To validate the model, two patients with instrumented shoulder hemi-arthroplasty were measured. The measurement process included the collection of motion data as well as in-vivo joint reaction forces. Segment and joint angles were used as the model inputs to estimate the GH-joint contact forces. The estimated and recorded GH-joint contact forces for Range of Motion (RoM) and force tasks were compared based on the magnitude of the resultant forces. The results show that the estimated force follows the measured force for abduction and anteflexion motions up to 80 and 50 degrees arm elevations, respectively, while they show different behaviors for angles above 90 degrees (decrease is estimated but increase is measured). The DSEM underestimates the peak force for RoM (up to 38% for abduction motion and 64% for anteflexion motion), while overestimates the peak forces (up to 90%) for most directions of performing the force tasks.

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