scholarly journals Immediate vs. delayed toe-to-thumb transfer: Is the infection rate greater?

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (06) ◽  
pp. 434-439
Author(s):  
Matteo Ornelli ◽  
Giovanni Ruocco ◽  
Juste Kaciulyte ◽  
Lara Lazzaro ◽  
Nicola Felici
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Immediate Reconstruction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Toe Transfer ◽  
Delayed Reconstruction ◽  
Reconstruction Group

Abstract Background After loss of a thumb, the big toe is a possible donor site for reconstruction with wrap-around free flap and trimmed-toe transfer techniques. Early reconstructions seem to reduce the risk of post-operative infections, despite several studies that show different infection rates of the recipient site in immediate toe-to-hand transfer. The authors carried out a retrospective analysis of their experience in thumb reconstruction with big toe transfer and evaluated the results achieved with both immediate and delayed reconstructions in terms of infection occurrence. Patients and Methods From 2000 to 2017, patients who presented cut, crush and avulsion injuries in the thumb were selected and 33 toe-to-thumb transfers were performed. Patients were divided into two groups: in group A, patients underwent immediate reconstruction, while in group B delayed reconstructions were performed. The two groups received identical antimicrobial prophylaxis. Reliability of the immediate or delayed reconstruction was compared in terms of flap survival, requirement for a secondary intention healing and, in particular, rate of infection. Results 29 male and 4 female patients were treated. Toe-to-thumb transfers were performed in both groups: in group A, 8 wrap-around free flaps and 4 trimmed toe transfers; in group B, 11 wrap-around and 10 trimmed toe transfers. No flap loss occurred in either groups. No cases of infection were detected in the transferred toes. Conclusion For toe-to-thumb transfer, there are published reports of a wide range of infection rates of the recipient sites. The authors compared their results in terms of infection rate between immediate reconstruction, group A, and delayed reconstruction, group B. Immediate toe-to-thumb transfer showed equal success rates to delayed transfer. No statistically significant difference in risk of infection between the two groups was found. Results showed that the immediate reconstruction was as safe and reliable as the delayed one.

scholarly journals A comparative clinical study between intra-caesarean and interval intra uterine copper device insertion in caesarean deliveries

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 3874
Author(s):  
Geetha Lakshmi R. ◽  
Sornam M. S. ◽  
Thenmozhi G.
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Uterine Perforation ◽  
Expulsion Rate ◽  
Insertion Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comparative Clinical Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Health and family welfare of Indian Ministry, emphasis on postpartum IUCD insertion. Here we conducted a clinical study comparing intra-caesarean and interval CuT-380A insertion in caesarean deliveries.Methods: A systematic study with 150 patients in each group, recruited clients alternately. Group A Intra-Caesarean Cu-T insertion and Group B Interval Cu-T insertion in caesarean deliveries. Groups were followed up at 6th week and 6th month post insertion with a set of parameters. Missed strings, expulsion and infection rates were the primary outcome measures.Results: Infection rate is higher in Group A (2.3%) at 6th week, and at 6th month infection rate is higher in Group B (1.8%). Missed strings are higher in intra-caesarean than in interval insertion method both at 6th week and 6th month follow up p=0.000, hence significant. Expulsion rate is higher in Group A (2.5%) at 6th week, and at 6th month expulsion rate is higher in Group B (1.9%). There are no complications such as uterine perforation or contraceptive failures in both the groups during the study period. By analysis, there are no significant differences in infection and expulsion rates between the groups. For missed strings there is significant difference between the groups with more missed strings in intra-caesarean insertion method.Conclusions: To conclude, intra-caesarean method is equally effective as interval IUCD insertion method without added complications in caesarean deliveries, with advantage of high motivation, good compliance, safety and ease for the provider to deliver services. 

scholarly journals Masticatory Force in Relation with Age in Subjects with Full Permanent Dentition: A Cross-Sectional Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 700
Author(s):  
Ottavia Poli ◽  
Licia Manzon ◽  
Tarcisio Niglio ◽  
Evaristo Ettorre ◽  
Iole Vozza
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Group A ◽  
Masticatory Force ◽  
Group B

Masticatory performance is directly correlated with masticatory muscle work to grind and cut the food. Chewing efficacy is decisive to eating a variety of foods needed maintain general health status at all ages. Older people have oral problems that get worse with age. Elders have more pathologies such as periodontal diseases, caries, tooth loss and inadequate dental prostheses than younger subjects. Objectives: to investigate the correlation between masticatory bite force (MBF) and body mass index (BMI) vs. aging and sex. Methods: This study was performed on 426 subjects (213 females plus 213 male) assigned into five different groups by age. Group “A” aged from 20 to 35 years; group “B” aged 45–59 years; group “C” aged 60–69 years; group “D” aged 70–79 years; and group “E” aged more than 79 years. Results: There were not statistically significant differences in right-side MBF versus left-side MBF. The differences between sex were statistically significant with a stronger bite in males than females (p < 0.05). At the same time, younger subjects had a stronger bite than elders (p < 0.05). In group “E”, more corpulent subjects (BMI > 25) had an MBF higher than less corpulent subjects (BMI < 25, p < 0.05). The analysis of mean MBF showed a statistically significant difference within all groups stratified by BMI with mean values inversely proportional with age (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The results in our study confirm data from many scientific papers. The importance of the present paper was to correlate data between and within a large sample with a wide range of ages. Our sample subjects had a 31%–33% decrease in MBF from group “A” to group “E” group, but they all had full permanent dentation and they preserved a valid MBF.

scholarly journals Addition of Braun enteroenterostomy to standard reconstruction in pancreaticoduodenectomy: impact on early outcomes

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3414
Author(s):  
Venkatarami Reddy Vutukuru ◽  
Sivaramakrishna Gavini ◽  
Chandramaliteeswaran Chandrakasan ◽  
Brahmeshwara Rao Musunuru ◽  
Sarala Settipalli
Keyword(s):  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Tumour Characteristics ◽  
Reconstruction Group ◽  
Braun Enteroenterostomy

Background: Morbidity following Pancreaticoduodenectomy still remains high. Few studies have shown decrease in morbidity with the addition of Braun Enteroenterostomy (BEE). Aim of the present study was to determine any possible benefit with addition of BE to the standard reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy.Methods: In this prospective randomized controlled study, all patients who underwent Pancreaticoduodenectomy from June 2012 to July 2016 were included. They were randomized to undergo either standard reconstruction (Group A) or with addition of Braun Enteroenterostomy to standard reconstruction (Group B). Outcomes were compared between 2 groups and the results were analyzed. P value of <0.05 was considered significant.Results: 104 patients were included in the study. Group A included 56 patients who underwent standard reconstruction and Group B had 48 patients who had addition of BEE to standard reconstruction. The demographic profile, tumour characteristics, and biochemical profile were similar in 2 groups. Mean operating time and Intra operative blood loss were similar. The incidence of pancreatic fistula (POPF) did not differ significantly in 2 groups (14/56, 25% in group A versus 8/48, 16.6% in group B; p = 0.42). The incidence of Delayed Gastric Emptying (DGE) was not statistically different in 2 groups (20/56, 35.7% in group A versus 12/48, 25% in group B; p=0.77). Infection rates were similar in two groups. Mean hospital stay was similar in both groups (11.2 days versus 10.7 days; p=0.68).Conclusions: The outcomes of patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy were not altered by addition of Braun Enteroenterostomy to standard reconstruction. 

The Role of Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Clean Incised Hand Injuries: A Prospective Randomized Placebo Controlled Double Blind Trial

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. WHITTAKER ◽  
J. D. NANCARROW ◽  
G. D. STERNE
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Hand Injuries ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

A prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial was designed to investigate the effect of prophylactic flucloxacillin on the infection rate in clean incised hand injuries, which included trauma to skin, tendon and nerve in adults. Using strict exclusion criteria, a total of 170 patients were recruited into one of three trial groups; Group A – intravenous flucloxacillin on induction followed by an oral placebo; Group B – intravenous flucloxacillin on induction followed by an oral flucloxacillin course or Group C – oral placebo. Thirteen of the patients were subsequently withdrawn, leaving 92% available to complete the trial. Infection was diagnosed using clinical criteria. The infection rates in the three groups were Group A – 13%, Group B – 4% and Group C – 15%. Strictly, the results demonstrate no statistically significant difference in the infection rates between the groups.

scholarly journals Moleculare detection of Bartonella in ixodid ticks and plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) in Shiqu county, China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiancai Tang ◽  
Chengcheng Liu ◽  
Aiguo Yang ◽  
Dongbo Yuan ◽  
Li Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Bartonella Species ◽  
Plateau Pika ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Dermacentor Everestianus

Abstract Background Bartonella bacteria have been associated with an increasingly wide range of human and animal diseases and were also recognized to be globally dispersed as emergent pathogens. Ticks and small rodents are known vectors of human and animal bartonellosis and play important roles in maintenance and circulation of bartonellae in nature. In China, Shiqu county is located on the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and about 26 thousands square kilometers with an average altitude of above 4,200 meters and vast area of pastureland. In present study, the occurrence of Bartonella spp. in ticks and plateau pika was firstly investigated in Shiqu county.Results A total of 818 ticks ( Dermacentor everestianus , 79.0%, 646/818; Haemphysalis qinghaiensis , 21.0%, 172/818), were collected in 4 villages in Shiqu county. Only Bartonella melophagi was detected in tick samples with a total prevalence of 30.1% (246/818). Significant difference was observed (P<0.05) between D.everestianus (17.0%) and H.qinghaiensis (79.1%).The infection rates of Bartonella spp. in ticks from Arizha, Maga, Derongma and Changxgma villages were 4.8%, 76.8%, 12.5% and 18.0%, respectively. Compared with other villages, the infection rate of Bartonella spp. in Maga was higher (P<0.01). As for plateau pika, total infection rate of Bartonella spp was 24.1%, with 20.8% (15/72), 30.9% (25/81), 13.8% (9/65) and 29.4% (20/68) in Arizha, Maga, Derongma and Changxgma, respectively. Totally, B. queenslandensis , B.grahamii and two unvalidated Bartonella species were detected. No significant difference in infection rates was observed (P>0.05) between theses study sites. Conclusion At present, only D.everestianus and H.qinghaiensis were found in Shiqu county with high infection of Bartonella spp. in theses ticks and plateau pika. The threats to public health by these Bartonella species should be monitored.

scholarly journals Comparative study of delayed primary closure by shoelace technique versus conventional secondary suturing method in closure of fasciotomy wounds, done for spreading cellulitis with compartment syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 471
Author(s):  
Hareesh H. D. ◽  
Thrishuli P. B. ◽  
Girish Kumar N. M.
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Primary Closure ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Wound Complications ◽  
Delayed Primary Closure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Fasciotomy is a standard treatment for acute compartment syndrome. Historically, fasciotomy incisions were usually left open till oedema settles down. In literature, there is a wide range of wound closure techniques published, but none of them is deemed to be the best. In this study, focus is laid on whether delayed primary closure (DPC) by shoelace technique, is as effective as conventional secondary suturing, in closure of fasciotomy wounds, done for spreading cellulitis.Methods: All those patients who met below mentioned inclusion criteria and underwent fasciotomy, were allocated into 2 groups (A and B) where Group A consists of 30 patients undergoing conventional secondary suturing, whereas Group B consists of 30 patients undergoing DPC by shoelace technique for closure of fasciotomy wounds. Parameters such as duration of hospital stay, time taken for complete wound closure, local wound complications, hospital expenses, anaesthesia related complications between the two groups were compared.Results: Patients who underwent DPC for fasciotomy wound closure achieved wound closure ~7 days earlier with 5 days lesser hospital stay than that of those who underwent conventional secondary suturing. Average health care cost of Group B was significantly lower compared to Group A, but there was no statistically significant difference in incidence of wound infections between the two groups.Conclusions: DPC by shoelace technique, takes less time for wound closure and hence the need for nursing care and hospital stay is significantly reduced in comparison to the conventional secondary suturing method.

scholarly journals Molecular detection of Bartonella in ixodid ticks and plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) in Shiqu County, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Hao ◽  
Dongbo Yuan ◽  
Li Guo ◽  
Wei Hou ◽  
Xi Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
Plateau Pika ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Dermacentor Everestianus

Abstract Background: Bartonella bacteria have been associated with an increasingly wide range of human and animal diseases. They were identified as being globally dispersed as emerging pathogens. Ticks and small rodents are known as hosts of human and animal bartonellosis. They play a significant role in the preservation and circulation of bartonellae in nature. This study investigates the occurrence of Bartonella spp. in ticks and plateau pika in Shiqu county which is located on the Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan plateau in China. Shiqu county is spread over approximately 26,000 square kilometers, with an average altitude of above 4,200 meters and vast area of pastureland.Results: A total of 818 ticks (Dermacentor everestianus, 79.0%, 646/818; Haemphysalis qinghaiensis, 21.0%, 172/818) were collected in 4 villages of Shiqu county. Only Bartonella melophagi was detected in tick samples with a total prevalence of 30.1% (246/818). The infection rates of Bartonella spp. in ticks from Arizha, Maga, Derongma, and Changxgma were 4.8%, 76.8%, 12.5%, and 18.0% respectively. The infection rate of Bartonella spp. in Maga was higher (p< 0.01) than in other villages. Regarding plateau pika, the total infection rate of Bartonella spp was 24.1%, with 20.8% (15/72), 30.9% (25/81), 13.8% (9/65), and 29.4% (20/68) in Arizha, Maga, Derongma, and Changxgma respectively. Finally, B. queenslandensis, B. grahamii, and two unvalidated Bartonella species were detected. No significant difference was observed (p> 0.05) in the infection rates between these study sites.Conclusion: To date, only D. everestianus and H. qinghaiensis were found in Shiqu county with high infection of Bartonella spp. in the ticks and plateau pika. The threats of Bartonella species to the public health should be closely monitored.

Infection rates in surgical procedures: a comparison of cefalexin vs. a placebo

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 146-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Fayolle ◽  
E. Yiguier ◽  
Y. Viateau ◽  
P. Moissonnier ◽  
A. Daude-Lagravei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Group A ◽  
Prophylactic Use ◽  
Animal Surgery ◽  
Group B ◽  
Clean Contaminated

SummaryThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in small animal surgery. Three hundred and twenty-nine dogs and 544 cats were included in a prospective, randomised, blind trial to determine the frequency of wound infection after clean and cleancontaminated surgical procedures. The animals were allocated to one of two groups: group A received a placebo and group B received cefalexin. The infection rate was measured in each group and correlated with different criteria (age, duration and type of the operation, anaesthetic and Altemeier’s class, surgeon’s experience). Globally, seventyeight cases of infection were noted (8.9%). The infection rates in the two groups were not significantly different (9.4% in group A and 8.5% in group B). Infection rate was not affected by the different criteria studied. However, the percentage of animals infected in group B tended to be lower than that of group A as the surgeons’ experience increased.The results of a study to evaluate the efficacy of the prophylactic use of antibiotics are described. The infection rates in animals that received the placebo and in those that received cefalexin were not significantly different (9.4% vs. 8.5%, p <0.05, respectively). We conclude that the antibiotic prophylaxis is not recommended for clean and clean-contaminated surgical procedures.

DeVega versus ring annuloplasty in severe functional tricuspid insufficiency and their impact on the right ventricle

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Yasser Hamdy ◽  
Mohammed Mahmoud Mostafa ◽  
Ahmed Elminshawy
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Tricuspid Valve Repair ◽  
Ring Annuloplasty ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Background: Functional tricuspid valve regurgitation secondary to left-sided valve disease is common. DeVega repair is simple, but residual regurgitation with subsequent impairment of the right ventricular function is a concern. This study aims to compare tricuspid valve repair using DeVega vs. ring annuloplasty and their impact on the right ventricle in the early postoperative period and after six months. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of 51 patients with rheumatic heart disease who underwent tricuspid valve repair for secondary severe tricuspid regurgitation. Patients were divided into two groups: group A; DeVega repair (n=34) and group B; ring annuloplasty repair (n=17). Patients were assessed clinically and by echocardiography before discharge and after six months for the degree of tricuspid regurgitation, right ventricular diameter and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE). Results: Preoperative echocardiographic assessment showed no difference in left ventricular end-systolic diameter, end-diastolic diameter, ejection fraction and right ventricular diameter, however; group A had significantly better preoperative right ventricular function measured by TAPSE (1.96 ± 0.27 vs1.75 ± 0.31 cm; p=0.02). Group B had significantly longer cardiopulmonary bypass time (127.65 ± 13.56 vs. 111.74 ± 18.74 minutes; p= 0.003) and ischemic time (99.06 ± 11.80 vs. 87.15 ± 16.01 minutes; p= 0.009). Pre-discharge, there was no statistically significant difference in the degree of tricuspid regurgitation, but the right ventricular diameter was significantly lower in group B (2.66 ± 0.41 and 2.40 ± 0.48 cm; p=0.049). After six months of follow up, the degree of tricuspid regurgitation (p= 0.029) and the right ventricular diameter were significantly lower in the ring annuloplasty group (2.56 ± 0.39 and 2.29 ± 0.44 cm; p=0.029). Although there was a statistically significant difference in preoperative TAPSE, this difference disappeared after six months. Conclusion: Both DeVega and ring annuloplasty techniques were effective in the early postoperative period, ring annuloplasty was associated with lesser residual regurgitation and better right ventricular remodeling in severe functional tricuspid regurgitation than DeVega procedure after 6-months of follow up.

Effect of short-term use of oral contraceptive pills on intraocular pressure

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayyaba Gul Malik ◽  
Hina Nadeem ◽  
Eiman Ayesha ◽  
Rabail Alam
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Short Time

Objective: To study the effect of short-term use of oral contraceptive pills on intra-ocular pressures of women of childbearing age.   Methods: It was a comparative observational study, conducted at Arif memorial teaching hospital and Allied hospital Faisalabad for a period of six months. Hundred female subjects were divided into two groups of 50 each. Group A, included females, who had been taking oral contraceptive pills (OCP) for more than 6 months and less than 36 months. Group B, included 50 age-matched controls, who had never used OCP. Ophthalmic and systemic history was taken. Careful Slit lamp examination was performed and intraocular pressures (IOP) were measured using Goldman Applanation tonometer. Fundus examination was done to rule out any posterior segment disease. After collection of data, we analyzed and compared the intra ocular pressures between the two groups by using ANOVA in SPSS version 21.   Results: Average duration of using OCP was 14.9 months. There was no significant difference of Cup to Disc ratios between the two groups (p= 0.109). However, significant difference was noted between the IOP of OCP group and controls. (p=0.000). Conclusion: OCP significantly increase IOP even when used for short time period.

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