Dynamics of Visual Functions in Patient with Pituitary Tumors before and after Surgery

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliya Khisanova ◽  
Bakhtiyar Pashaev ◽  
Gulnar Vagapova ◽  
Valery Danilov ◽  
Dmitry Bochkarev
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
Visual Functions ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals Training-induced plasticity enables visualizing sounds with a visual-to-auditory conversion device

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Pesnot Lerousseau ◽  
Gabriel Arnold ◽  
Malika Auvray
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Sensory Modality ◽  
Sensory Substitution ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Visual Functions ◽  
Tactile Stimuli ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Visual Distractors ◽  
Auditory Processes

AbstractSensory substitution devices aim at restoring visual functions by converting visual information into auditory or tactile stimuli. Although these devices show promise in the range of behavioral abilities they allow, the processes underlying their use remain underspecified. In particular, while an initial debate focused on the visual versus auditory or tactile nature of sensory substitution, since over a decade, the idea that it reflects a mixture of both has emerged. In order to investigate behaviorally the extent to which visual and auditory processes are involved, participants completed a Stroop-like crossmodal interference paradigm before and after being trained with a conversion device which translates visual images into sounds. In addition, participants' auditory abilities and their phenomenologies were measured. Our study revealed that, after training, when asked to identify sounds, processes shared with vision were involved, as participants’ performance in sound identification was influenced by the simultaneously presented visual distractors. In addition, participants’ performance during training and their associated phenomenology depended on their auditory abilities, revealing that processing finds its roots in the input sensory modality. Our results pave the way for improving the design and learning of these devices by taking into account inter-individual differences in auditory and visual perceptual strategies.

Chronobiological aspects of headache syndromes due to sellar or pituitary pathology

Cephalalgia ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
Pierangelo Bossolo ◽  
Claudio Canepari ◽  
Mimma Maria Daguati ◽  
Alberto Cozzi ◽  
Marisa Fioravanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
Empty Sella ◽  
Circadian Rhythmicity ◽  
Circadian Pattern ◽  
Empty Sella Syndrome ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Transsphenoidal Adenomectomy ◽  
Adenoma Ipofisario

A chronobiological study was carried out in headache syndromes due to empty sella or to pituitary G.H.- and PRL-secreting adenomas. In the empty sella syndrome only the chrono-organization of G.H. secretion was disturbed, whereas pl. PRL exhibited the usual circadian pattern. The circadian rhythms of pl. G.H. and pl. PRL were abolished in G.H.-and PRL-secreting pituitary tumors, respectively, and were again detectable when patients were cured by selective transsphenoidal adenomectomy. A normal circadian rhythmicity of pl. cortisol was demonstrable in the empty sella syndrome and in pituitary adenomas, both before and after surgery. On a étudié les aspects rhythmométriques de certains cas de céphalée secondaire à un atteinte sellaire ou bien hypophysaire, tels la syndrome de la selle vide et les adénomes GH- ou PRL-secrétants. Au cours du syndrome de la selle vide on observe un trouble de la rhythmicité circadienne du GHpl., tandis que les autres rhythmes (PRL et cortisol pl., température orale) sont normaux. Dans les adénomes GH- ou PRL-secrétants on observe une altération sélective du rhythme circadien de l'hormone spécifiquement secrétée par l'adénome. Après l'exérèse chirurgicale de l'adénome par voie transphénoidale, la normalization des niveaux plasmatiques hormonaux s'accompagne à la réapparition du rhythme circadien habituel. Le rhythme circadien du cortisol plasmatique ne semble pas être affecté par la présence d'une selle vide ou bien d'un adénome GH- ou PRL-secrétant ni par l'adenomectomie par voie transphénoidale. E’ stata attuata una indagine cronobiologica in corso di cefalea secondaria a patologie sellario ipofisarie, quali la sindrome della sella vuota e gli adenomi GH- o PRL-secernenti, con sindrome cefalalgica. In presenza di empty sella si riscontra un'alterazione della cronoorganizzazione circadiana solo per la secrezione di G.H., mentre la PRL pl. presenta il normale ritmo circadiano. Negli adenomi ipofisari si rileva la scomparsa della normale ritmicità circadiana dell'ormone specificamente ipersecreto e la completa rimozione dell'adenoma per via trans-nasosfenoidale è seguita dal ripristino del ritmo circadiano dell'ormone stesso. Il ritmo circadiano del cortisolo pl. non risulta alterato nell'empty sella nè in presenza di adenoma ipofisario GH o PRL-secernente e non viene significativamente modificato dall'intervento neurochirurgico.

scholarly journals A Morphometric Study of the Foramen of Diaphragma Sellae and Delineation of Its Relation to Optic Neural Pathways through Computer Aided Superimposition

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris George Yohannan ◽  
Renuka Krishnapillai ◽  
Romi Suresh ◽  
Shobha Ramnarayan
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Optic Chiasma ◽  
Lateral Dimension ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diaphragma Sellae ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The diaphragma sellae (DS) is a fold of dura that forms a partial roof over the pituitary gland. The foramen of the diaphragma sellae (FDS) is thereby a pathway for suprasellar extension of pituitary tumors. The purpose of this study was to describe the anatomical dimensions of the DS and FDS and to understand the relationship of FDS with the overlying optic chiasma. The study was conducted in 100 autopsy cases. Measurements were taken using vernier calipers. Photographs, taken before and after removal of optic pathway, were superimposed using image processing software. The results showed that the mean A-P dimension of DS was 1.17 ± 0.48 cm; the lateral dimension of DS was 1.58 ± 0.60 cm. The mean A-P dimension of FDS was 0.66 ± 0.42 cm; the lateral dimension of FDS was 0.82 cm ± 0.54 cm. The shapes of FDS were irregular (40%), transversely oval (29%), circular (13%), sagittally oval (11%), or trapezoid with posterior dimension more than the anterior one (6%) or anterior dimension more than the posterior one (1%). The margins of FDS were either well defined (31%) or ill defined (69%). The positional relation of FDS to optic chiasma was also found out.

Endocrine Function in Patients with Large Pituitary Tumors Treated with Operative Decompression and Radiation Therapy

Neurosurgery ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul B. Nelson ◽  
Michael L. Goodman ◽  
John C. Flickenger ◽  
Donald W. Richardson ◽  
Alan G. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Pituitary Function ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Delayed Onset ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Operative Decompression

Abstract Large pituitary tumors are still a common problem. Thirty consecutive patients underwent operative decompression and radiation therapy for large sellar and suprasellar tumors. They were studied prospectively in terms of their endocrine outcome. Ten of the patients had panhypopituitarism both before and after treatment. The other 20 patients had partial hormonal deficits prior to treatment. Ten (50%) of the 20 patients who had partial preoperative deficits went on to develop delayed onset of worsening in their endocrine function; 9 of the 10 developed panhypopituitarism, and 1 patient developed decreased thyroid function. The mean time from surgery until the onset of delayed worsening in endocrine function was 26.1 months. The mean age of those patients who developed delayed onset of worsening in pituitary function was significantly higher than that of those who did not develop further hormonal loss (40.5 ± 3.1 years versus 52.0 ± 4.1 years, P < 0.05). None of the 10 patients with delayed onset of worsening in pituitary function had anatomical evidence by computed tomographic scan of tumor recurrence. Delayed onset radiation effect is the most likely cause of the late onset of worsening in endocrine function.

scholarly journals Spared perilesional V1 activity underlies training-induced recovery of luminance detection sensitivity in cortically-blind patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Barbot ◽  
Anasuya Das ◽  
Michael D. Melnick ◽  
Matthew R. Cavanaugh ◽  
Elisha P. Merriam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Visual Field Loss ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Perceptual Training ◽  
Visual Functions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Plastic Changes ◽  
V1 Cortex

AbstractDamage to the primary visual cortex (V1) causes homonymous visual-field loss long considered intractable. Multiple studies now show that perceptual training can restore visual functions in chronic cortically-induced blindness (CB). A popular hypothesis is that training can harness residual visual functions by recruiting intact extrageniculostriate pathways. Training may also induce plastic changes within spared regions of the damaged V1. Here, we link changes in luminance detection sensitivity with retinotopic fMRI activity before and after visual discrimination training in eleven patients with chronic, stroke-induced CB. We show that spared V1 activity representing perimetrically-blind locations prior to training predicts the amount of training-induced recovery of luminance detection sensitivity. Additionally, training results in an enlargement of population receptive fields in perilesional V1, which increases blind-field coverage and may support further recovery with subsequent training. These findings uncover fundamental changes in perilesional V1 cortex underlying training-induced restoration of conscious luminance detection sensitivity in CB.

Headache Before and After Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Pituitary Tumor Surgery: A Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Andersson ◽  
Tobias Hallén ◽  
Daniel S. Olsson ◽  
Dan Farahmand ◽  
Ann-Charlotte Olofsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Midas Questionnaire ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Postoperative Improvement

Abstract Objective Headache is a common symptom among patients with pituitary tumors, as it is in the general population. The aim of the study was to investigate headache as a symptom in patients with pituitary tumors before and 6 months after endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (TSS). Design This is a prospective observational cohort study. Setting This study was conducted at university tertiary referral hospital. Participants A total of 110 adult patients underwent endoscopic TSS for pituitary tumors. Main Outcome Measures The Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire was used before and 6 months after surgery for the assessment of headache. Clinical variables with potential influence on headache were analyzed. Results Sixty-eight (62%) patients experienced headaches at least once during the 3 months before surgery. Thirty (27%) patients reported disabling headache before surgery, with younger age being an independent associated factor (p < 0.001). In patients with disabling headache before surgery, the median (interquartile range) MIDAS score improved from 78 (27–168) to 16 (2–145; p = 0.049), headache frequency decreased from 45 (20–81) to 14 (4–35) days (p = 0.009), and headache intensity decreased from 6 (5–8) to 5 (4–7) (p = 0.011) after surgery. In total, 16 of the 30 (53%) patients reported a clinically relevant improvement and five (17%) a clinically relevant worsening. Four (5%) patients developed new disabling headache. No predictor for postoperative improvement of headache was identified. Conclusion In this prospective study, the results show that disabling headache improves following endoscopic TSS in a subset of patients with pituitary tumors. However, no predictive factors for improvement could be identified.

Sinonasal Symptoms and Self-Reported Health before and after Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery—A Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Hallén ◽  
Daniel S Olsson ◽  
Dan Farahmand ◽  
Daniela Esposito ◽  
Ann-Charlotte Olofsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
Pituitary Surgery ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Patient Counselling ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Snot 22 ◽  
Sinonasal Symptoms

Abstract Objectives Despite the limited invasiveness of endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (ETSS), some degree of nasal structure destruction is unavoidable. Our objective was to evaluate sinonasal morbidity and self-reported health before and 6 months after ETSS for pituitary tumors, and to identify possible predictive factors for deterioration in sinonasal health. Design Prospective observational cohort study. Setting University tertiary referral hospital. Participants Totally 109 consecutive adult patients undergoing ETSS for pituitary tumors between 2015 and 2019. Main Outcome Measures Sinonasal symptoms and self-reported health before and 6 months after ETSS, assessed by the Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) and the EQ-5D questionnaire. Predictive factors for postoperative deterioration in sinonasal symptoms. Results The overall SNOT-22 score did not change, but the score of the rhinologic domain of SNOT-22 worsened from 6.0 ± 5.9 before to 8.0 ± 7.4 6 months after surgery (p = 0.011). The EQ-5D visual analog scale improved from 64.0 ± 22.9 before to 71.1 ± 18.7 6 months after surgery (p = 0.00088). Univariate and multivariable regression analyses showed that prior sinonasal surgery was associated with a significant worsening in rhinologic symptoms 6 months after surgery (p = 0.046 and p = 0.020, respectively). Conclusions Although self-reported overall health improved, significant deterioration of rhinologic symptoms was seen 6 months after ETSS. This information is important for preoperative patient counselling. Further refinement of the surgical technique and follow-up strategies to reduce postoperative sinonasal morbidity could be of value, especially in patients who have undergone prior sinonasal surgery.

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