Late-term Effects of Surgery on Nasal Functions in Patients who Underwent Total Laryngectomy Surgery

Introduction There is a common opinion that losing airway functions in total laryngectomy patients cause changes in nasal physiological rates. Studies conducted to review the subject present gaps, especially in terms of objective measurements. Objective We evaluated late-term effects of surgery on nasal functions in patients who underwent total laryngectomy surgery more than two years ago. Methods We included in the study 22 patients who had undergone total laryngectomy, as well as 24 healthy subjects with similar demographic characteristics as the control group. We performed acoustic rhinometry for intranasal volume and cross-sectional area measurements, saccharin test for measurement of nasal mucociliary clearance, and smell identification test for evaluation of olfactory function in the patient and control groups. We compared and statistically analyzed the data obtained from the groups. Results In our study, although late-term (>2 years) measurements were not statistically significant, we detected more nasal passage patency in the patient group than in the control group. In smell identification test, lower scores were obtained in the patient group. The difference between measurements in both groups was statistically significant. Conclusion We believe that since the upper respiratory tract is disabled due to tracheostomy in patients with total laryngectomy, atrophy occurs in the late term and, consequently, nasal mucociliary clearance is impaired. We also see diminished olfactory function in total laryngectomy patients.

Download Full-text

Subjective and Objective Assessment of Olfactory Function in Post-Laryngectomy Patients

Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.32412/pjohns.v24i2.679 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 19-22

Author(s):

Ricardo L. Ramirez ◽

Windolyn D. Panganiban ◽

Joel A. Ramirez

Keyword(s):

Health Care Providers ◽

Total Laryngectomy ◽

Objective Assessment ◽

Olfactory Function ◽

Care Providers ◽

Management Options ◽

Olfactory Testing ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Identification Test ◽

Smell Identification

Objective: To determine the olfactory function among post-laryngectomy patients using a questionnaire adapted from that of the Smell and Taste Clinic of Hospital of University Pennsylvania (HUP) and the Santo Tomas Smell Identification Test. Methods: Design: Descriptive study Setting: Tertiary Private Hospital Outpatient Department Patients: Twenty five subjects who had undergone total laryngectomy and met inclusion and exclusion criteria underwent rigid nasal endoscopy and olfactory function assessment using an adaptation of the questionnaire of the Smell and Taste Clinic of Hospital of University Pennsylvania (HUP) and the Santo Tomas Smell Identification Test (ST-SIT). Results: Twenty one male subjects completed olfactory testing. All had subjective sense of smell before laryngectomy. Statistically significant correlation was noted between the subjective post-operative smell function and the objective olfactory function test scores. There was no statistically significant difference noted in the ST SIT scores with regards age, duration from laryngectomy to olfactory testing, number of smoking pack- years, use of olfactory technique/maneuver, loss of appetite and adjunctive chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Conclusion: All subjects post-laryngectomy had subjective complaints of varying levels of olfactory difficulties based on a structured questionnaire and were documented to be anosmic by an objective smell identification test. Olfactory problems following laryngectomy can have significant effects on the lives of laryngectomees, and health care providers should be knowledgeable of available management options for this condition. Key words: olfaction, anosmia, total laryngectomy, olfactory testing

Download Full-text

The evaluation of nasal mucociliary clearance in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215119000136 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 133 (03) ◽

pp. 220-223

Author(s):

S Üstün Bezgin ◽

T Çakabay ◽

K Irak ◽

M Koçyiğit ◽

B Serin Keskineğe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Mucociliary Clearance ◽

Endoscopic Examination ◽

Control Group ◽

Clearance Time ◽

Saccharine Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Gender ◽

H Pylori ◽

Nasal Mucociliary Clearance

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to examine nasal mucociliary clearance time in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection.MethodsFifty patients who were newly diagnosed with H pylori infection using gastric biopsy in the gastroenterology out-patient clinic, and 50 age- and gender-matched healthy adults who were admitted to the otorhinolaryngology out-patient clinic, were included in this study. After an otorhinolaryngological examination (anterior rhinoscopy and nasal endoscopic examination), the nasal mucociliary clearance time of each subject was calculated using the saccharine test.ResultsThe mean mucociliary clearance time was 06:29 ± 3:31 minutes (range, 00:55–15:19 minutes) in the control group and 10:12 ± 06:09 minutes (range, 01:28–32:00 minutes) in the study group. Comparisons of the two groups revealed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.002).ConclusionNasal mucociliary clearance time was significantly increased in patients with H pylori infection. The results suggest that H pylori infection may have an unfavourable effect on nasal mucociliary clearance.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of nasal mucociliary clearance in rheumatoid arthritis: a comparative analysis using saccharin test

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20174964 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

pp. 5026 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shelja Deswal ◽

Jyoti Yadav ◽

Mohit Deswal ◽

Harpreet Singh

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Disease Duration ◽

Mucociliary Clearance ◽

Systemic Disease ◽

Unknown Etiology ◽

Control Group ◽

Ciliary Activity ◽

Multisystem Disease ◽

Organic Particles ◽

Nasal Mucociliary Clearance

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic multisystem disease of unknown etiology characterized by persistent inflammatory synovitis, usually involving peripheral joints in a symmetric distribution. RA is a systemic disease often associated with cutaneous and organ-specific extra-articular manifestations the mucociliary clearance system protects the lower respiratory system by trapping and removing inhaled pathogenic viruses and bacteria, in addition to nontoxic and toxic particulates (e.g., pollen, ash, mineral dust, mold spores, and organic particles), from the lungs. Effective clearance requires both ciliary activity and the appropriate balance of periciliary fluid and mucus.Methods: This was a case control study conducted in the Department of Physiology, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak in 50 females of age group 30-50 years. Control group comprised of 25 healthy volunteer females while study group comprised of 25 rheumatoid arthritis female patients with disease duration of more than five years. Proven cases of RA (as per 1987 ACR criteria) were taken with disease duration of more than five years from Rheumatology clinic of Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak. Nasal mucociliary clearance time was evaluated by saccharin method.Results: The results of our study showed abnormal mucociliary clearance in rheumatoid arthritis patients.Conclusions: The study shows an abnormal mucociliary clearance in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Impairment of mucociliary clearance seems to be the result of qualitative and quantitative alterations in respiratory secretions.

Download Full-text

Olfaction and essential tremor

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x2009000100006 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 21-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Lucas Barasnevicius Quagliato ◽

Maura Aparecida Viana ◽

Elizabeth Maria Aparecida Barasnevicius Quagliato ◽

Samuel Simis

Keyword(s):

Essential Tremor ◽

Age Groups ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

University Of Pennsylvania ◽

Control Group ◽

Clinical Scale ◽

Olfactory Identification ◽

Identification Test ◽

The University ◽

Smell Identification

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the olfactory identification in 40 essential tremor (ET) patients, with the University of Pennsylvania 12 Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), to correlate UPSIT scores to clinical and epidemiological data and to compare it to 89 aged matched controls. METHOD: Patients were assessed using ET Clinical Scale of Evaluation and UPSIT. RESULTS: In patients with ET, the UPSIT medium score was 9.10, similar to the control group (9.11), which was also observed in all age groups. ET severity did not correlate to UPSIT scores. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated normality of olfactory identification on ET, qualifying UPSIT to be an important tool on tremor differential diagnosis of undetermined origin.

Download Full-text

Development of the university of pennsylvania smell identification test: A standardized microencapsulated test of olfactory function

Physiology & Behavior ◽

10.1016/0031-9384(84)90269-5 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 489-502 ◽

Cited By ~ 1020

Author(s):

Richard L. Doty ◽

Paul Shaman ◽

Michael Dann

Keyword(s):

Olfactory Function ◽

University Of Pennsylvania ◽

Identification Test ◽

The University ◽

Smell Identification

Download Full-text

Effects of rapid maxillary expansion on nasal mucociliary clearance

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/121714-918.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 86 (2) ◽

pp. 250-254

Author(s):

Hasan Babacan ◽

Cenk Doruk ◽

Ismail Onder Uysal ◽

Salim Yuce

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Mucociliary Clearance ◽

Systemic Disease ◽

Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽

Control Group ◽

Maxillary Expansion ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Orthodontic Patients ◽

Nasal Mucociliary Clearance

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the changes in nasal mucociliary clearance in orthodontic patients after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) therapy. Materials and Methods: Forty-two children (25 boys and 17 girls) participated in this study. The RME group consisted of 21 patients (mean age, 13.8 years), who had undergone RME at the initiation of orthodontic treatment. The control group consisted of 21 subjects (mean age, 13.6 years), who were attending the department of orthodontics for active orthodontic treatment. The nasal mucociliary clearance was assessed by the saccharin test. Saccharin transit times (STTs) were measured for each treated subject before expansion (T1), after RME (T2), and after a 3-month retention period (T3). Records were obtained at the same time intervals for each group. Results: The STT decreased significantly in the RME group after expansion and retention (P < .05). A statistically significant difference was found when the STTs of the control and RME groups were compared after expansion and retention (P < .05). Conclusions: The STTs of young orthodontic patients with maxillary narrowness and without any history of nasal or systemic disease were within normal limits. However, RME increased the mucociliary clearance in patients who had maxillary narrowness, having positive effects on nasal physiology and increasing nasal cavity volume.

Download Full-text

The effect of vidian neurectomy on nasal mucociliary clearance

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215100106759 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 102 (10) ◽

pp. 894-895 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. A. Greenstone ◽

P. J. Stanley ◽

I. S. Mackay ◽

P. J. Cole

Keyword(s):

Neural Control ◽

Mucociliary Clearance ◽

Control Group ◽

Mucociliary Transport ◽

Vasomotor Rhinitis ◽

Physiological Factors ◽

Tear Secretion ◽

Vidian Neurectomy ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Nasal Mucociliary Clearance

AbstractThe physiological factors controlling mucociliary transport are largely unknown. Nasal mucociliary clearance was measuredusing the saccharin test in seven patients who had previously undergone vidian neurectomy for vasomotor rhinitis. Persistent denervation was suggested by impaired tear secretion. The control group consisted of thirty-four patients with vasomotor rhinitis who had not had surgery. There was no significant difference in clearance times between the two groups, suggesting that mucociliary transport is well preservedin the absence of neural control.

Download Full-text

Applicability of the Cross-Culturally Modified University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test in a Japanese Population

American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy ◽

10.2500/ajra.2011.25.3658 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 25 (6) ◽

pp. 404-410 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Hitomi Ogihara ◽

Masayoshi Kobayashi ◽

Kohei Nishida ◽

Masako Kitano ◽

Kazuhiko Takeuchi

Keyword(s):

Japanese Population ◽

Japanese Version ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Japanese Patients ◽

Olfactory Function ◽

Cultural Bias ◽

University Of Pennsylvania ◽

Test Results ◽

Identification Test ◽

Smell Identification

Background The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) is a popular olfactory function test used throughout the world. In Japan, however, it is not widely used because it is written in English and some of the test odorants are unfamiliar to the Japanese population. Recently, a cross-culturally modified UPSIT was developed. This study was designed to determine if the Japanese version of the UPSIT (UPSIT-J) is effective in Japanese populations. Methods We administered the UPSIT-J to 50 normosmic Japanese subjects and 54 Japanese patients with known olfactory dysfunction. Subjects were also administered the Japanese standard olfactory threshold test (T&T olfactometry), the Odor Stick Identification Test for Japanese (OSIT-J) and i.v. olfactometry (the Alinamin test). Test results from the UPSIT-J and subjects’ opinions were compared with the standard Japanese tests of olfactory function. Results Most subjects reported that the UPSIT-J was easy and interesting compared with OSIT-J and easier and more interesting than the T&T olfactometry and Alinamin test. Identification rates for nine of the UPSIT-J odorants were found to be < 80% for normal subjects. UPSIT-J scores correlated with subjects’ self-reported levels of olfactory function (r s = 0.85), OSIT-J score (r s = 0.86), recognition threshold of the T&T olfactometry (r s = 0.80), and Alinamin test results (r s = 0.38 for latency; r s = 0.52 for duration time). Conclusion Although a cultural bias was detected for some test odorants, this study indicates that the UPSIT-J is effective for use in the clinic to assess olfactory function in the Japanese population.

Download Full-text

Effect of Deviated Nasal Septum Type on Nasal Mucociliary Clearance, Olfactory Function, Quality of Life, and Efficiency of Nasal Surgery

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery ◽

10.1097/scs.0000000000002696 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 1151-1155 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Güler Berkiten ◽

Tolgar Lütfi Kumral ◽

Ziya Saltürk ◽

Yavuz Atar ◽

Güven Yildirim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Nasal Septum ◽

Mucociliary Clearance ◽

Olfactory Function ◽

Nasal Surgery ◽

Deviated Nasal Septum ◽

Nasal Mucociliary Clearance

Download Full-text

A comparative study of effect of deviated nasal septum on nasal mucociliary clearance and to comprehend the effect of septal and turbinate surgeries on restoring the mucociliary clearance

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20181868 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 764

Author(s):

Smitha B. C. Chandra ◽

Kiran Bylappa

Keyword(s):

Nasal Septum ◽

Mucociliary Clearance ◽

Concave Side ◽

Control Group ◽

Convex Side ◽

Clearance Time ◽

Deviated Nasal Septum ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Nasal Mucociliary Clearance

Background: One of the important functions of nose is mucociliary transport by its epithelium. Any structural abnormalities of nose like deviated nasal septum, turbinate hypertrophy and polyps can easily damage the mucociliary clearance. This can lead to increased inflammation leading to osteomeatal complex obstruction and sinusitis. The purpose of the study is to determine the nasal mucociliary clearance time (NMC) in patients with deviated nasal septum. And to compare the changes in nasal mucociliary clearance time before and after septoplasty and septoplasty with turbinectomy.Methods: Nasal mucociliary clearance time was measured preoperatively in patients with deviated nasal septum on concave and convex side. Post operatively it was again recorded after septoplasty in group A and septoplasty with turbinectomy in group B. These values were compared with the control group C. Results: Postoperatively group A patients NMC time was 11.11±2.76 on convex side, 14.01±2.39 on concave side. In group B patients NMC time was 11.18±1.91 on convex side and 12.62±1.42 on concave side.Conclusions: Nasal septal deviation and hypertrophied inferior turbinates can cause considerable impairment of nasal mucociliary clearance. Septoplasty combined with partial inferior turbinectomy of compensatory hypertrophied inferior turbinate on concave side preserves the normal NMC mechanism on both the sides of nasal cavity than just septoplasty.

Download Full-text