Mucosal invariant T (MAIT) cells are depleted from blood in advanced cirrhosis and accumulate in the peritoneal cavity during bacterial peritonitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (01) ◽  
pp. E2-E89
Author(s):  
O Akinhanmi ◽  
S Stengel ◽  
N Köse ◽  
A Stallmach ◽  
M Bauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Mait Cells ◽  
Advanced Cirrhosis

Functional assessment of peritoneal mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in advanced cirrhosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Ibidapo-obe ◽  
S Stengel ◽  
N Köse ◽  
A Stallmach ◽  
M Bauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Assessment ◽  
Mait Cells ◽  
Advanced Cirrhosis

scholarly journals Effects of the povidone-iodine (PVPI) in treatment of bacterial peritonitis induced in rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Duval de Araujo ◽  
Giovanni Cezar Xavier Grossi ◽  
Simone Odília Fernandes Diniz ◽  
Tarcizo Afonso Nunes ◽  
Eduardo Ângelo Braga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Absorption Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Viable Bacteria ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of the use of the povidone-iodine (PVI) added to the liquid of wash of the peritoneal cavity in the reduction of bacterial absorption and in the remainder non-phagocyted bacteria in the circulating blood of rat. METHODS: Thirty four Wistar females rats were used, distributed in the following groups: A (n=10), non-treated; B (n=9), wash of the peritoneal cavity with solution of PVI to 1% in saline solution; C (n=15), wash of the cavity with saline solution. After anesthesia, it was made intraperitoneal infusion of solution of Escherichia coli labeled with 99mTc containing 10(8) CFU/ml. After 40 minutes, it was made the treatment, in the group A, manipulation of the viscera; in the group B, irrigation of the peritoneal cavity with warm solution of 1% PVPI to 37,5ºC, and in the group C irrigation with warm saline (37,5ºC). After 15 minutes of the treatment, blood samples and fragments of liver, spleen and lung was obtained for count of the radioactivity, and animals killed by abdominal aorta section. There were determined the bacterial absorption index and the remainder index in the bloodstream. RESULTS: Of the total of bacteria infused in the peritoneum, there was absorption of 0,92% (0,14% to 2,13%) in the animals of the group A (controls), 0,49% (0,18% to 0,71%) after use of topical PVPI (group B) and 0,80% (0,04% to 3,8%) after wash with saline solution (group C). There was significant reduction of the absorption when compared the treated animals with PVPI and the controls (p=0,003). Of the total of bacteria absorbed for the circulatory current, the percentile amount of bacteria non-phagocyted in the outlying blood was of 2,9% (1,1% to 17,7%) in the control group, 15,2% (8,3% to 21,4%) in those treated with PVPI (group B) and 6,9% (0,8% to 29,7%) after wash with saline solution (group C), with difference among controls and treated with PVPI (p=0,01). CONCLUSION: The wash of the cavity peritoneal of mice with solution containing PVPI showed to be capable to reduce the absorption of bacteria by peritoneum of rat; however it seems to interfere with the function of the phagocytic cells for the observation of the increase of viable bacteria in the outlying blood of those animals.

scholarly journals Study on ascitic fluid protein level in cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Golam Mustafa ◽  
M. Ayub Al Mamun ◽  
A.K.M. Khorshed Alam
Keyword(s):  
Ascitic Fluid ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Complement 3 ◽  
Advanced Cirrhosis ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Hepatic Synthesis

Complement 3 is an important component of ascitic fluid total protein, which offers local defence against infection of the ascitic fluid. Hepatic synthesis of complement 3 as well as other proteins and their concentrations in ascitic fluid is significantly reduced in patients with advanced cirrhosis. The level of protein in ascitic fluid in cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis was compared with that in patients without spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Ascitic fluid protein level in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (n=15) was 1.1 ± 0.3 g/dL whereas it was 1.5 ± 0.5 g/dL in patients without spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (n=15). In conclusion, this study suggests that, ascitic fluid protein level is significantly (p=0.008) reduced in cirrhotic patients who develop spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.Keywords: Ascitic fluid; Bacteria; Cirrhosis; PeritonitisOnline: 11 August 2009DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v35i2.3023Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2009; 35: 41-43

scholarly journals The Relationship between Renal Dysfunction and Abnormalities of the Immune System in Patients with Decompensated Cirrhosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiji Kakazu ◽  
Yasuteru Kondo ◽  
Tooru Shimosegawa
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Decompensated Cirrhosis ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Clinical Complications ◽  
Vasoactive Mediators ◽  
Advanced Cirrhosis ◽  
Amino Acid Imbalance ◽  
Central Pathology

In patients with advanced cirrhosis, not only hepatocellular carcinoma but also bacterial infections, such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) or pneumonia, are frequent clinical complications in such immune-compromised patients. These pathologies often progress to renal dysfunction, especially hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). The central pathology of HRS is splanchnic arterial vasodilation and hyperpermeability followed by bacterial translocation (BT). BT induces a severe inflammatory response in the peritoneal lymphoid tissue, with the activation of the immune systems and the long-lasting production of vasoactive mediators that can impair the circulatory function and cause renal failure. Recent studies report that the plasma amino acid imbalance appeared to be related to an abnormality of the immune system in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. This paper can provide a new approach for future studies of the pathology in cirrhotic patients with renal dysfunction.

Inflammatory peritoneal MAIT cells accumulate during the early phase of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Ibidapo-Obe ◽  
S Stengel ◽  
N Köse-Vogel ◽  
S Quickert ◽  
P Reuken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Phase ◽  
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Mait Cells

scholarly journals Effect of Anatomical Distribution of Mast Cells on Their Defense Function against Bacterial Infections

2003 ◽  
Vol 197 (11) ◽  
pp. 1417-1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Jippo ◽  
Eiichi Morii ◽  
Akihiko Ito ◽  
Yukihiko Kitamura
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Poor Survival ◽  
Anatomical Distribution ◽  
Neutrophil Influx ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Defense Function

Mast cells were depleted in the peritoneal cavity of WBB6F1-tg/tg mice that did not express a transcription factor, MITF. When acute bacterial peritonitis was induced in WBB6F1-+/+, WBB6F1-W/Wv, and WBB6F1-tg/tg mice, the proportion of surviving WBB6F1-+/+ mice was significantly higher than that of surviving WBB6F1-W/Wv or WBB6F1-tg/tg mice. The poor survival of WBB6F1-W/Wv and WBB6F1-tg/tg mice was attributed to the deficient influx of neutrophils into the peritoneal cavity. The injection of cultured mast cells (CMCs) derived from WBB6F1-+/+ mice normalized the neutrophil influx and reduced survival rate in WBB6F1-W/Wv mice, but not in WBB6F1-tg/tg mice. This was not attributable to a defect of neutrophils because injection of TNF-α increased the neutrophil influx and survival rate in both WBB6F1-W/Wv and WBB6F1-tg/tg mice. Although WBB6F1-+/+ CMCs injection normalized the number of mast cells in both the peritoneal cavity and mesentery of WBB6F1-W/Wv mice, it normalized the number of mast cells only in the peritoneal cavity of WBB6F1-tg/tg mice. Mast cells within the mesentery or mast cells in the vicinity of blood vessels appeared to play an important role against the acute bacterial peritonitis. WBB6F1-tg/tg mice may be useful for studying the effect of anatomical distribution of mast cells on their antiseptic function.

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