The Laryngectomee Substitute Voice: Image Processing of Endoscopic Recordings by Fusion with Acoustic Signals

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (03) ◽  
pp. 277-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Döllinger ◽  
M. Schuster ◽  
U. Eysholdt ◽  
U. Hoppe ◽  
J. Lohscheller
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Signal ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Propagation Direction ◽  
Voice Rehabilitation ◽  
Single Image ◽  
Acoustic Data ◽  
Image Series ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Air Stream

Summary Objectives: The most radical cancer therapy of the throat is the total excision of the larynx which postoperatively results in the loss of voice. A widely-used method of voice rehabilitation is the insertion of a silicone valve, which establishes an unidirectional connection between trachea and esophagus. Thus, during exhalation, air can be directed from the trachea into the esophagus. This air stream excites tissue vibrations of the esophagus and the hypo-pharynx which act as a substitute voice generator. Purpose of the current study is to present a technique for visualizing the dynamics of the substitute voice generating element. Methods: Digital high speed videos of the vibrating tissue are simultaneously recorded with the emitted acoustic signal. The high speed sequences are directly evaluated by a three-step knowledge based algorithm. It considers correlation between image and acoustic data, information about the gray value of each pixel, and continuity of tissue vibration. The temporal properties of an image series are investigated by evaluating the time dependent gray value at each pixel position. Results: The applicability of the algorithm is exemplar-ily demonstrated using the data of one male patient. It enables the identification of the regions within an image series which are mainly responsible for the acoustic signal. Additionally, the dynamics of tissue vibrations are visualized. The main propagation direction can be clearly identified. Conclusions: The new methodology summarizes the information about endoscopic and acoustic recordings of substitute voice into a single image. The results allow a first estimation of tissue velocity and elastic properties of oscillating tissue.

Advanced open rotor noise prediction

2014 ◽  
Vol 118 (1208) ◽  
pp. 1125-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Kingan
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Broadband Noise ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Prediction Methods ◽  
Noise Prediction ◽  
Acoustic Data ◽  
Rotor Noise ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Open Rotor ◽  
Development And Validation

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to describe the current status of open rotor noise prediction methods and to highlight future challenges in this area. A number of analytic and numerical methods are described which can be used for predicting ‘isolated’ and ‘installed’ open rotor tonal noise. Broadband noise prediction methods are also described and it is noted that further development and validation of the current models is required. The paper concludes with a discussion of the analytical methods which are used to assess the acoustic data collected during the high-speed wind-tunnel testing of a model scale advanced open rotor rig.

Study on Two-Phase Fuel Distributions in High-Speed Hot Transverse Air Stream

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-490
Author(s):  
Mao-lin Yang ◽  
Shan-jian Gu ◽  
Xiang-yi Li
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Mass Center ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Fuel Distribution ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
Cold Stream ◽  
Fuel Evaporation ◽  
Semi Empirical

It was found that fuel distribution in a hot high-speed transverse air stream differed greatly from that in a cold stream. In a hot air stream there exist two-phase fuel distributions, and hence, two mass center lines extending downstream. Experimental results of fuel distributions are presented. By using the model of trajectory with diffusion and also considering the fuel evaporation, a semi-empirical method to predict two-phase fuel distributions has been developed.

Research on Semantic Retrieval System for the Document Knowledge Based on Domain Ontology

2011 ◽  
Vol 204-210 ◽  
pp. 2171-2175
Author(s):  
Zi Yu Liu ◽  
Dong Li Zhang ◽  
Xue Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Retrieval System ◽  
Domain Ontology ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Semantic Retrieval ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Railway Domain ◽  
Concept Similarity

Domain ontology can effectively organize the knowledge of that domain and make it easier to share and reuse. We can build domain ontology on thesaurus and thematic words and index document knowledge using domain ontology. Under which this paper designs a semantic retrieval system for the document knowledge based on domain ontology, and the system consists of four main components: ontology query, semantic precomputation for document and the concept similarity, semantic extended search and reasoning search. Finally, this paper makes an experiment on high-speed railway domain. The experimental results show that the developed semantic retrieval system can reach the satisfied recall and precision.

Effect of Cooling Techniques on Temperature Control and Cutting Rate for High-Speed Dental Drills

1978 ◽  
Vol 57 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 675-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.A. Lloyd ◽  
J.A. Rich ◽  
W.S. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Control ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Water Spray ◽  
Water Stream ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
Cutting Rate ◽  
Made In

This paper describes a series of tests conducted to determine the effectiveness of various cooling techniques used while preparing teeth for restoration. Comparisons are presented for four cooling techniques: air stream, air-water spray, water stream from a separate hand-held syringe, and water applied through a hollow bur. The comparisons were made in two ways, temperature control and influence on cutting rate. It was demonstrated that wet cooling techniques provided better temperature control than cooling with air and also improved the rate of material removal.

Knowledge based design of EDM electrodes for mould cavities pre-machined by high-speed milling

2004 ◽  
Vol 149 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.R. Mahajan ◽  
G.E. Knoppers ◽  
J.A.J. Oosterling ◽  
C.A. van Luttervelt
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Milling ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Edm Electrodes ◽  
Knowledge Based Design

Effect of Cross-Flow Swirl on the Trajectory of Spray in an Annular Passage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tushar Sikroria ◽  
Abhijit Kushari
Keyword(s):  
Momentum Flux ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Flux Ratio ◽  
Liquid Jet ◽  
Swirl Number ◽  
Flow Swirl ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper presents the experimental analysis of the impact of swirl number of cross-flowing air stream on liquid jet spray trajectory at a fixed air flow velocity of 42 m/s with the corresponding Mach number of 0.12. The experiments were conducted for 4 different swirl numbers (0, 0.2, 0.42 and 0.73) using swirl vanes at air inlet having angles of 0°, 15°, 30° and 45° respectively. Liquid to air momentum flux ratio (q) was varied from 5 to 25. High speed (@ 500 fps) images of the spray were captured and those images were processed using MATLAB to obtain the path of the spray at various momentum flux ratios. The results show interesting trends for the spray trajectory and the jet spread in swirling air flow. High swirling flows not only lead to spray with lower radial penetration due to sharp bending and disintegration of liquid jet, but also result in spray with high jet spread and spray area. Based on the results, correlations for the spray path have been proposed which incorporates the effects of the swirl number of the air flow.

Electrostatic Fluid Accelerator under High-Speed Free Air Stream

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 951-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Y. Wen ◽  
K. Lindgren ◽  
A. V. Mamishev
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
Free Air

Normal Voice Production: Computation of Driving Parameters from Endoscopic Digital High Speed Images

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (03) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Braunschweig ◽  
J. Lohscheller ◽  
U. Eysholdt ◽  
U. Hoppe ◽  
M. Döllinger
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Biomechanical Model ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Inversion Algorithm ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Normal Voice ◽  
Inversion Procedure ◽  
High Speed Glottography

Summary Objectives: A central point for quantitative evaluation of pathological and healthy voices is the analysis of vocal fold oscillations. By means of digital High Speed Glottography (HGG), vocal fold oscillations can be recorded in real time. Recently, a numerical inversion procedure was developed that allows the extraction of physiological parameters from digital high speed videos and a classification of voice disorders. The aim of this work was to validate the inversion procedure and to investigate the applicability to normal voices. Methods: High speed recordings were performed during phonation within a group of five female and five male persons with normal voices. By using knowledge based image processing algorithms, motion curves of the vocal folds were extracted at three different positions (dorsal, medial, ventral). These curves were used to obtain physiological voice parameters, and in particular the degree of symmetry of the vocal folds based upon a biomechanical model of the vocal folds. Results: The highest degree of symmetry was observed for the medial motion curves. While the dor-sally and ventrally extracted motion curves exhibited similar results concerning the degree of symmetry the performance of the algorithm was less stable. Conclusions: The inversion algorithm provides reasonable results for all subjects when applied to the medial motion curves. However, for dorsal and ventral motion curves, correct performance is reduced to 85 %.

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