MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES AGAINST THROHBIN-ANTITHROMBIN III COMPLEX: EPITOPE SPECIFICITY AND EFFECT ON THROMBIN-ANTITHROMBIN III
INTERACTION
Among monoclonal antibodies (MCA´s) raised against human thrombin (T)-antithrombin m (AT) complex (TAT), two MCA´s designated as JITAT-16 and 17 with high affinity, Kd = 4.6nMand 4.1 nfi, respectively, were selected and characterized for specificity and functions. Their respective immunoglobulin subclasses are IgGi and IgG2a, and epitopes were found to be different from each Dther as shown by crisscross inhibition experiments. Immuno-alotting of normal plasma and serum electrophoresed on non-SDS aolyacrylamide gel showed that these antibodies reacted with normal serum but not with plasma. This was verified by an anzyme-linked differential antibody immunosorbent assay using aither one of the MCA´s as the first antibody and the other MCA labeled with peroxidase as the second one. By immunoblotting after SDS-PAGE, we found that both antibodies reacted with TAT, nut not with its respective nascent constituent, AT or T. However, they reacted with reactive site-cleaved AT (or thrombin-nodified AT, ATM) and also a complex of AT with activated factor K (Xa-AT). These results indicate that both of these antibodies recognize enzyme-treated forms of AT, including AT molecules :omplexed with enzymes reversibly or irreversibly as well as ATM. Jpon incubation of T with AT in the presence of JITAT-16, T activity remained nearly unchanged and formation of irreversible rAT did not proceed as expected. Moreover, AT was preferentially :onverted to ATM. When JITAT-16 was added after completion of FAT formation, however, neither recovery of T activity nor generation of ATM was observed. These findings were not obtained vhen JITAT-17 had been substituted for JITAT-16. These data suggest that JITAT-16 may have converted AT from an inhibitor to a substrate for T after having recognized a possible intermediate reversible complex of AT with T. Undoubtedly, in the presence of a polyclonal antibody against AT, neither TAT formation nor ATM neneration was observed at all. The mechanism of the unique Function of JITAT-16 has not been fully clarified as yet, but this antibody seems to give us new information on the kinetic study of TAT formation and ATM generation when AT was allowed to react with enzymes.