Anticardiolipin Antibodies Are Elevated in HIV-1 Infected Haemophiliacs but Do Not Predict for Disease Progression

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (01) ◽  
pp. 081-085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Panzer ◽  
Christoph Stain ◽  
Hubert Hartl ◽  
Robert Dudczak ◽  
Klaus Lechner
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
Anticardiolipin Antibodies ◽  
Haemophilia A ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Factor Viii Concentrates ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Cd4 Lymphocytes

SummaryLevels of anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) were measured in 55 patients with haemophilia A in serum samples obtained in 1983 and in 1987. Twenty-one patients were negative for anti HIV-1 antibodies in 1983 and remained negative in 1987; 34 patients had anti HIV-1 antibodies in 1983; 17 of these latter patients remained asymptomatic, whereas 17 patients developed ARC or AIDS during the 4 years follow-up. Thirteen anti HIV-1 negative patients had elevated ACA levels in 1983; subsequently, a significant decrease was observed in all these subjects (p <0.001). All anti HIV-1 positive patients had elevated ACA levels in 1983; normal values were found in 9 patients in 1987. Yet, these changes were not significant (p >0.05). ACA levels were significantly higher in HIV-1 infected patients than in those without anti HIV-1 antibodies (p <0.05). There was no difference of ACA levels between the two anti HIV-1 positive patient groups, be it in 1983 or be it in 1987 (p >0.05). There was no correlation of ACA levels with serum IgG concentrations, CD4+ lymphocytes, or the consumption of factor VIII concentrates.

scholarly journals Early Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Specific B-Lymphocyte-Derived Antibodies in a High-Risk Population

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1060-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odd Odinsen ◽  
David Parker ◽  
Frans Radebe ◽  
Mikey Guness ◽  
David A Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Antibodies ◽  
P24 Antigen ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Diagnosis of acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, a key driver of the HIV epidemic, remains a public health challenge. The PlasmAcute technology offers an opportunity to detect early anti-HIV antibody responses. B lymphocytes (B cells) were isolated from the blood of seronegative miners in South Africa by using the PlasmAcute method. B-cell lysates and paired sera were tested for anti-HIV-1 antibodies by two different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays; immunoreactivity was confirmed by Western blotting. All volunteers were tested for HIV type 1 (HIV-1) viral load, p24 antigen, and CD4 count. Sera from HIV-seronegative men who had positive viral loads and were positive for p24 antigen were retested for anti-HIV antibodies after immune complex dissociation. Anti-HIV antibodies were detected in lysates from 16/259 subjects without immunoreactivity in paired sera. Four subjects, one of whom had a positive viral load initially, subsequently seroconverted. Six subjects showed transient anti-HIV-1 antibodies in the lysates and tested negative for all markers at the follow-up. Five subjects without follow-up data initially had lysate-positive/serum-negative samples, and these cases were classified as inconclusive. One subject had lysate antibodies and a detectable viral load but was seronegative at follow-up. In conclusion, lysate-derived anti-HIV-1 B-cell antibodies can be detected prior to seroconversion and earlier than or contemporary with HIV-1 RNA detection.

scholarly journals Four Years’ Follow-Up Study of Liver Function of Haemophiliacs

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Panicucci ◽  
U. Baicchi ◽  
A. Sagripanti
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Haemophilia A ◽  
Severe Haemophilia ◽  
Serum Albumins ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Hepatitis B Antigen

By physical and biochemical examinations 112 patients with severe haemophilia A or B and 24 with mild to moderate forms were studied to determine the incidence of liver damage, which may have resulted from commercial concentrate therapy.Data of the follow-up study during a period of 4 years showed transiently elevated values of SGOT and SGPT in 100 patients, persistently elevated values in 14 and normal values in 22 patients. Test for hepatitis B antigen was positive in 9 patients. Hepatomegaly, splenomegaly or both were found in 15 patients. Acute hepatitis with jaundice was reported by 23 patients, 17 of whom still showed abnormal enzyme tests. Chronic active hepatitis was very strongly suggested in 5 patients, who on repeated occasions showed, in addition to elevated SGOT and SGPT, abnormal values of serum albumins, immunoglobulins, alkaline phosphatase and Normotest. The majority of patients were free from clinical liver disease.

scholarly journals 2516. Persistence of Anti-HIV Antibodies in HIV-1-infected Patients on Combination Antiretroviral Therapy (cART) with Prolonged Viral Suppression

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S874-S874
Author(s):  
Kanal Singh ◽  
Ivery Davis ◽  
Robin L Dewar ◽  
Hiromi Imamichi ◽  
H Clifford Lane
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
Quantitative Calculation ◽  
General Decline ◽  
Hiv Antibodies ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background Despite years of cART with sustained HIV-RNA plasma viral load (pVL) < 50 copies/mL, antibodies (Abs) to HIV-1 proteins persist. The reasons for this are unknown but may reflect long-lived B cell responses and/or persistence of antigen. To address which of these may be the case, we compared decay rates of anti-HIV Abs to those of anti-Measles Abs. Methods A cohort of 10 HIV-infected patients on cART with pVL < 50 (average 3 years, range 0–7.1 years) were studied. Baseline and 5-year follow-up serum were collected and assessed for anti-HIV-1 Abs via western blot (Cambridge Biotech WB kit), with additional densiometric analysis used for quantitative calculation of a western blot “score” that was normalized to control specimens. The kinetics of measles Abs titers over the same 5-year period were also analyzed by the quantitative Serion Measles IgG ELISA kit, given a history of prior vaccination in these participants. McNemar’s and paired t-tests were used for analysis. Results All 10 patients exhibited persistence of anti-HIV-1 Abs at ≥ 5 year follow-up as determined by persistence of ≥ 2 diagnostic bands on WB (P = 0.003). The patterns for all 10 participants varied individually by patient with each exhibiting a unique profile (representative figure); 7/10 patients had WBs that could be analyzed quantitatively and showed no significant change over the study period (average baseline score 5.9 vs 5.3 at follow-up, P = 0.26). 7/9 patients had valid measles IgG measurements showing a consistent but nonsignificant decline over the same 5-year study period (measles titer 55–2800 mIU/mL at baseline vs 50–1300 mIU/mL at follow-up, n = 9, P = 0.18). Conclusion The mechanism leading to the persistence of anti-HIV-1 Abs in HIV-infected individuals with prolonged viral suppression has been unclear. The general decline in anti-Measles IgG titer over the 5-year observational period in 7/9 patients is likely to be explained by waning B cell-mediated humoral immunity in these vaccinated individuals and consistent with their lack of ongoing exposure to this pathogen. The persistence of anti-HIV-1 Abs over the same 5-year period, on the other hand, may indicate persistent HIV-1 viral protein production either from active reservoirs or by transcription of “defective” HIV-1 proviruses as recently reported. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

TRANSIENT SEROREVERSION IN CHILDREN BORN TO HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1-INFECTED MOTHERS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-276
Author(s):  
Susan E. Pacheco ◽  
William T. Shearer
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Hiv Seropositive ◽  
Breast Fed ◽  
Hiv 1

Purpose of the Study. To review the clinical and laboratory data of three infants born to HIV-1-infected mothers, who became HIV-1 seronegative after 6 months of age, but subsequently became HIV-infected and seropositive. Study Population. Three infants are described from a cohort of 218 born to HIV seropositive mothers at the Maternity Ward of the Centre Hospitalier de Kigali, Rwanda, enrolled from November 1988 to June 1989. Of these, 140 infants (64.2%) became HIV-1 seronegative (based on a minimum of two negative serum samples). Three (2.1 %) of these 140 infants were subsequently found to be seropositive for HIV-1 antibodies after 6 to 9 months of seronegativity. The infants had no history of blood transfusion or exposure to contaminated needles. They were breast-fed during at least 18 months of their lives. Methods. Sera were screened for anti-HIV-1 antibodies by ELISA, and those positive were confirmed by Western Blot (WB). Serum immunoglobulins were measured by radial immunodiffusion. Mononuclear cell subpopulations were analyzed using indirect immunofluorescence and monoclonal antibodies. A double PCR was performed with three pairs of HIV-1-specific oligonucleotide primers with amplified sequences located in the gag, pol, and env region of the HIV-1 genome. A positive PCR was defined as a detectable signal for at least two of the three primer pairs. Results. The infants were HIV-1 seropositive until 6 months of age and were seronegative on the following examination at 9 months of age. They remained seronegative for 6-9 months when HIV seropositivity was again noted. Case 1 had a normal physical examination until seroconversion at 15 months (hepatosplenomegaly was noted once at 3 months of age).

scholarly journals The V3 region of gp120 is responsible for anti-HIV-1 activity of heparin sulphate.

1998 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 799-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
P P Jagodzinski ◽  
W H Trzeciak
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
V3 Region ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Cd4 Lymphocytes

The effect of heparin sulphate on the infection of CD4+ lymphocytes by recombinant HIV-1 clones pIIIB and by pIIIB/V3-BaL was investigated. It was demonstrated that heparin sulphate decreased the infectivity of CD4+ lymphocytes by the pIIIB virus stronger than by the pIIIB/V3-BaL clone, and that the effect of heparin was concentration-dependent. This was accompanied by an inhibition of binding of the monoclonal antibodies 447-52-D to the V3 region and G45-60 to the C4 region of oligomeric glycoprotein 120 (gp120). It has been concluded that the inhibitory effect of heparin sulphate on the infection of CD4+ lymphocytes by recombinant HIV-1 clones is mediated mainly by the V3 region of gp120. However, the C4 region contributes to the inhibitory effect of heparin sulphate.

Management of Haemophilia in Sweden

1976 ◽  
Vol 35 (03) ◽  
pp. 510-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Marie Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Factor Ix ◽  
Haemophilia A ◽  
Severe Haemophilia ◽  
Haemophilia B ◽  
Human Fraction ◽  
Mild Haemophilia

SummaryThe incidence of living haemophiliacs in Sweden (total population 8.1 millions) is about 1:15,000 males and about 1:30,000 of the entire population. The number of haemophiliacs born in Sweden in 5-year periods between 1931-1975 (June) has remained almost unchanged. The total number of haemophilia families in Sweden is 284 (77% haemophilia A, 23% haemophilia B) with altogether 557 (436 with A and 121 with B) living haemophiliacs. Of the haemophilia A patients 40 % have severe, 18 % moderate, and 42 % mild, haemophilia. The distribution of the haemophilia B patients is about the same. Inhibitors have been demonstrated in 8% of the patients with severe haemophilia A and in 10% of those with severe haemophilia B.There are 2 main Haemophilia Centres (Stockholm, Malmo) to which haemophiliacs from the whole of Sweden are admitted for diagnosis, follow-up and treatment for severe bleedings, joint defects and surgery. Minor bleedings are treated at local hospitals in cooperation with the Haemophilia Centres. The concentrates available for treatment in haemophilia A are human fraction 1-0 (AHF-Kabi), cryoprecipitate, Antihaemophilic Factor (Hyland 4) and Kryobulin (Immuno, Wien). AHF-Kabi is the most commonly used preparation. The concentrates available for treatment in haemophilia B are Preconativ (Kabi) and Prothromplex (Immuno). Sufficient amounts of concentrates are available. In Sweden 3.2 million units of factor VIII and 1.0 million units of factor IX are given per year. Treatment is free of charge.Only 5 patients receive domiciliary treatment, but since 1958 we in Sweden have practised prophylactic treatment of boys (4–18 years old) with severe haemophilia A. At about 5-10 days interval they receive AHF in amounts sufficient to raise the AHF level to 40–50%. This regimen has reduced severe haemophilia to moderate. The joint score is identical with that found in moderate haemophilia in the same age groups. For treatment of patients with haemophilia A and haemophilia B complicated by inhibitors we have used a large dose of antigen (factor VIII or factor IX) combined with cyclophosphamide. In most cases this treatment produced satisfactory haemostasis for 5 to 30 days and prevented the secondary antibody rise.

A Higher than Expected Incidence of Factor VIII Inhibitors in Multitransfused Haemophilia A Patients Treated with an Intermediate Purity Pasteurized Factor VIII Concentrate

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (02) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathelijne Peerlinck ◽  
Jef Arnout ◽  
Jean Guy Gilles ◽  
Jean-Marie Saint-Remy ◽  
Jos Vermylen
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Factor Viii Inhibitor ◽  
Haemophilia A ◽  
Viral Inactivation ◽  
Gradual Decline ◽  
Inhibitor Level ◽  
Factor Viii Concentrates ◽  
Viii Inhibitor

SummaryIn May 1990, 218 patients with haemophilia A regularly attending the Leuven Haemophilia Center were randomly assigned to a group receiving either of two newly introduced factor VIII concentrates: factor VIII-P, an intermediate purity pasteurized concentrate, or factor VIII-SD, a high purity concentrate treated with solvent-detergent for viral inactivation.Patients were followed from May 1990 until October 1991. Between August 1991 and October 1991 a clinically important factor VIII inhibitor was detected in five out of the 109 patients receiving factor VIII-P while none of the 109 patients receiving factor VIII-SD developed such antibodies. All patients acquiring an inhibitor had previously been clinically tolerant to transfused factor VIII with 200 to more than 1,000 days of exposure to factor VIII prior to May 1990. Patients with inhibitors were transfused daily with 30 U factor VIII-SD per kg body weight, which was associated with a gradual decline of the inhibitor level. In all patients the antibodies were relatively slow-acting and predominantly directed towards the light chain of factor VIII.This study demonstrates a higher than expected incidence of factor VIII inhibitors associated with the use of a specific factor VIII concentrate in multitransfused haemophilia A patients. It indicates the usefulness of evaluating newly introduced concentrates in prospective, randomized trials.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document