Endotoxin And Blood Coagulation In Patients With Traumatic- Haemorrhagic And Bacteriotoxic Shock

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Stemberger ◽  
F Straßer ◽  
G Blüimel ◽  
B v Hundel shausen ◽  
S Jelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Haemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Septic Complications ◽  
Fibrin Degradation Products ◽  
Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
At Iii

Blood coagulation and fibrinolysis was carefully monitored in patients suffering from traumatic-haemorrhagic shock. Parameters like antithrombin III (AT III),factor X (IIa), plasminogen,fibrin degradation products, antiplasmin and fibronectin were measured. It could be demonstrated that a severe haemorrhagic shock correlated with an activated blood coagulation and stabilisation of circulation was followed by normalisation of blood coagulation.However in patients developping septic complications new disorders in blood coagulation were observed. The appearance of endotoxins was measured by a recently developped limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL). Best results were obtained by diluting heat treated heparinized plasma samples followed by an incubation step with the X a substrate S-2222. Detection of less than 0.2 ng endotoxin/ml plasma could be achieved. The available data of 30 patients with traumatic-haemorrhagic and bacteriotoxic shock showed that the appearance of endotoxin mostly correlated with a decrease of AT III and fibronectin.In conclusion, AT III, fibronectin and endotoxin may serve as sensitive markers in the early diagnosis of sepsis.

Blood Coagulation after Long Distance Running: Antithrombin III Prevents Fibrin Formation

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (03) ◽  
pp. 430-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Bärtsch ◽  
André Haeberli ◽  
P Werner Straub
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Distance Running ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Fibrin Formation ◽  
Long Distance Running ◽  
At Iii

SummaryPhysical exercise causes shortening of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and euglobulin clot lysis time. To investigate whether this activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis leads to in vivo thrombin or plasmin action after long distance running, 19 well trained male runners (36-65 years) were examined 5 to 53 min after termination of a 100 km race and 5 days later after at least 1 day without physical exercise. Compared to the control examination aPTT was decreased (30.2 ± 2.8 vs 35.3 ± 3.0 sec) and the following parameters were increased after the race: betathromboglobulin (40 ± 16 vs 23 ± 7 ng/ml), thrombin-antithrombin III (TAT) complexes (5.5 ± 3.4 vs 2.3 ± 0.7 pg/1), the fibrin(ogen) degradation products fragment E (57 ± 15 vs 35 ± 7 ng/ml) and B(3 15-42 (8.5 ± 2.5 vs 6.5 ± 2.5 ng/ml) (all p values <0.001). Platelet count, platelet factor 4, fibrinoepetide A (FPA) and haematocrit did not change significantly. Increased TAT complexes and unchanged FPA suggest that the generated thrombin was fully inactivated by antithrombin III (AT III) and did therefore not give rise to fibrin formation. The small increase of fibrin(ogen) degradation products indicates a minor in vivo activity of the fibrinolytic system. This investigation demonstrates the importance of AT III in the regulation of haemostasis in activated blood coagulation.

Hemostatic Variables In A Group Of Traffic Police Men

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Mandalaki ◽  
A Hatzakis ◽  
C Louizou ◽  
A Antonopoulou ◽  
M Vergi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Fibrin Degradation Products ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Traffic Policemen ◽  
At Iii ◽  
Euglobulin Lysis Time

A study of various haemostasis parameters in a group of twenty-two traffic policemen working under special conditions, i.e. in locations of heavy traffic (5 hours shifts in the centre of Athens) is presented. These normal subjects (aged 22-39) are subjected to physical and psychological stress and to the effect of increased air pollution. Pretests were conducted before the beginning of the shift (6 a.m.) and postests were conducted at the end of the shift (12 noon).The following tests were performed: 1. Prothrombin Time (P.T.), 2. Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (A.P.T.T.), 3. Fibrinogen, 4. Euglobulin Lysis Time (E.L.T.), 5. Fibrin Degradation Products (F.D.P.), 6. Platelets, 7. Platelet Aggregation by A.D.P., 8. PF4 9. F VIII:C, F VIII:Ag, F VIII:Rcof, 10. Antithrombin III (AT III).Results: Significant decrease of Fibrinogen, ELT and AT III, significant increase in APTT, FDP. Increase in PF4 levels. The results are indicative of the occurence of an activation of the fibrinolytic mechanism after the shift with signs of consumption of certain coagulation factors. There is an adverse effect on the hemostatic balance of traffic policemen during their service.

ANTITHROMBIN-III SUPPLEMENTATION ATTENUATES DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION IN THEE.COLI ENDOTOXEMIC DOG MODEL

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
J G Hauptman ◽  
H I Hassouna ◽  
J A Penner ◽  
T G Bell ◽  
T E Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sodium Pentobarbital ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Fibrin Degradation Products ◽  
At Iii

We reported previously that disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) occurs early during E. coli endotoxemia in the rat, before the development of serious cardiovascular, metabolic or biochemical abnormalities, and that pretreatment with large doses of purified human antithrombin-III (AT-III; 250 U/kg) markedly attenuates DIC and increases survival (PC0.05). The present study was an extension ofan earlier one in which pretreatment of dogs with a low dose ofhuman AT-III (50 U/kg) provided borderline protection against DIC during endotoxemia. In the present study, mongrel dogs were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, continuously monitored over a 21 hour protocol and given full fluid support. Twenty-three dogs were given iv infusions of E. coli endotoxin (0.5mg/kg) at times zero and 15 hours. Of these, seven received iv infusions of purified human AT-III (250 U/kg) 30 minutes prior to endotoxin; 16 received no AT-III and served as controls. Comparing the AT-III treated with the control group, there was significantimprovement in the activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time (P<0.05). Also, fibrinogenand fibrin degradation products were improved significantly in the AT-III treated group (P<0.05). Platelet counts decreased in both groups and there was no between group difference (P>0.05). There was no s i gni fi cant between group differences in other parameters (e.g. hemodynamic, acid-base, metabolic). These data are in agreement with earlier studies in the endotoxemic rat which show that ore occurs early in endotoxemia, that DIC occurs before the development of serious abnormalities in other systems and that AT-III supplementation significantly attenuates OIC. This study supports the hypothes1s that AT-III supplementation is efficacious in conditions of impending OIC such as gram-negative endotoxemia/septicemia.

Is Quantitative Determination of Fibrin(ogen) Degradation Products and Thrombin-Antithrombin III Complexes Useful to Diagnose Deep Venous Thrombosis in Outpatients?

1989 ◽  
Vol 62 (04) ◽  
pp. 1043-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F M M van Bergen ◽  
Eduard A R Knot ◽  
Jan J C Jonker ◽  
Auke C de Boer ◽  
Moniek P M de Maat
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Impedance Plethysmography ◽  
Fibrin Degradation Products

SummaryWe studied the diagnostic value of recently introduced ELISA’s for the determination of thrombin-antithrombin III (TAT) complexes, fibrin degradation products (FbDP), fibrinogen degradation products (FgDP) and total degradation products (TDP) for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in plasma of 239 consecutive outpatients, suspected for DVT by their family doctor. DVT was confirmed by impedance plethysmography in 60 patients. Using the 95th percentile range of 42 healthy volunteers the sensitivity for the detection of DVT was: 37% for TAT, 95% for TDP, 92% for FbDP and 90% for FgDP. Specificity was: 88% for TAT, 16% for TDP, 20% for FbDP and 25% for FgDP.We conclude that these assays are of little value in the diagnosis of DVT in outpatients.

Effects of Human Antithrombin III on Mortality and Blood Coagulation Induced in Rabbits by Endotoxin

1984 ◽  
Vol 51 (02) ◽  
pp. 232-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
D C Triantaphyllopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Bolus Dose ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Coagulation Parameters ◽  
E Coli ◽  
At Iii ◽  
Baseline Values

SummaryTwenty-one rabbits were infused with 20μg/kg/hr of E. coli endotoxin for 6 hr. Eight of the animals were preinjected immediately before the infusion of endotoxin, with a bolus dose of human AT III calculated to increase the antithrombin content of the plasma by about 4 units/ml. All eight animals which were preinjected with AT III survived, while 5 of the 13 control rabbits infused with endotoxin alone died. The changes in coagulation parameters from the baseline values, between the 8 control rabbits which survived and the 8 animals which were preinjected with AT III were compared. The concentration of the preinjected human AT III declined significantly faster (P: <0.01) than that of the native rabbit AT III. AT III prevented the decline of F.XII throughout the infusion of the endotoxin. However, the decline in F.V, fibrinogen, prothrombin and platelets was not affected (P: >0.5) by the injection of AT III.

LOCAL ACTIVATION OF COAGULATION AND FIBRINOLYSIS IN LUNG DISEASE IS REFLECTED IN BR0NCH0ALVE0LAR LAVAGE FLUID

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britt Nakstad ◽  
Torstein Lyberg
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Fibrin Degradation Products ◽  
Activation Products ◽  
Coagulation And Fibrinolysis

Fibrin deposition in the alveolar space and the lung interstitium is a prominent feature of many types of pulmonary inflammatory diseases.Ce11s of the monocyte/ macrophage lineage have a dualistic role in the balance between coagulation and fibrinolysis having the ability to synthesize both procoagulant factors and plasminogen activators. In the present studies bronchoa1veo1 ar lavage were performed on 128 patients with various lung diseases and 29 healthy controls.Both lung alveolar macrophages (LAM) and the supernatant bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) expressed two types of procoagulant activities a)thromboplastin and b) a direct factor X activator.The procoagulant in BALF was associated with membrane vesicles which sedimented at 100000g,lh.By electron microscopy the BALF ultrasediment was seen to consist for a large part of membrane material and this was confirmed by monitoring the content of different marker enzymes for specific subcellular structures. LAM from patients had significantly higher specific thromboplastin activity than LAM from controls (4,36 -0.98(SEM)vs.0.81± 0.14 U/mg cell protein).BALF collected from patients had significantly higher levels than BALF from controls of a ) thrombop1 astin(0.66-0.18vs.0.07 ±0.01 U/ml) b ) factor VII activity(1.33±0.31vs.0.48±0.06 U/ml) c)fibrin degradation products(presentin 28,7vs.0% of the cases) and d) fibronectin(491±103 vs.35±5 ng/ml ) In addition,the level of plasminogen activator was higher in controls than in patients(294±68 vs.!02±14 m U/m1).These studies show that activation products of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems can be detected in BALF and that lung disease often is associated with abberations in the balance between these systems.Fibrin serves as a substrate for fibronectin and the increases in lavage fibronectin may reflect the development of lung fibrosis.

scholarly journals Thrombin antithrombin complex and IL-18 serum levels in stroke patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ornella Piazza ◽  
Giuliana Scarpati ◽  
Simona Cotena ◽  
Maria Lonardo ◽  
Rosalba Tufano
Keyword(s):  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Fibrin Degradation Products ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
Thrombin Antithrombin Iii Complex ◽  
D Dimer

The complex picture of inflammation and coagulation alterations comes to life in acute stroke phases. Increasing evidence points to a strong interaction and extensive crosstalk between the inflammation and coagulation systems: the interest towards this relationship has increased since recent experimental research showed that the early administration of antithrombin III (ATIII) decreases the volume of ischemia in mice and might be neuroprotective, playing an antiinflammatory role. We aimed to establish the extent of the relationship among markers of inflammation (S100B and IL-18) and procoagulant and fibrinolytic markers (ATIII, thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT), Fibrin Degradation Products (FDP), D-dimer) in 13 comatose patients affected by focal cerebral ischemia. Plasma levels of TAT, D-dimer and FDP, IL18 and S100B were increased. IL-18 and S100B high serum levels in ischemic patients suggest an early activation of the inflammatory cascade in acute ischemic injury. The basic principles of the interaction between inflammatory and coagulation systems are revised, from the perspective that simultaneous modulation of both coagulation and inflammation, rather than specific therapies aimed at one of these systems could be more successful in stroke therapy.

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