PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA ANGGOTA POLISI LALU LINTAS YANG MELAKUKAN PENGANIAYAAN PADA SAAT BERTUGAS

Penganiayaan diartikan dengan sengaja menyebabkan perasaan tidak enak, rasa sakit, atau luka. Penganiayaan yang dilakukan anggota Polisi Lalu lintas atas dasar-dasar tertentu. Anggota Polri yang melakukan penganiayaan terhadap pengendara motor pada dasarnya tunduk pada Peradilan umum. Temuan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini antara lain : (1) Penerapan hukum terhadap tindak pidana penganiayaan dengan pemberatan yang dilakukan oleh Anggota Polisi lalu lintas yang sedang ditangani oleh Propam Polrestabes Makassar yaitu melanggar Pasal 351 ayat 1 ke-3 dan 5 KUHP. (2) berdasarkan alat-alat bukti yakni keterangan saksi dan keterangan pelaku, pertanggungjawaban tindak pidana sebagai penegakan hukum, mencakup pengertian mengenai subjek dan objek dalam proses tegaknya hukum itu sendiri. Dalam penegakan hukum terhadap anggota Polri yang melakukan pelanggaran disiplin, Polri melalui Propam (Profesi dan Pengamanan) memiliki tanggungjawab dan tugas struktur organisasi di Polres. Hukuman Tindakan Disiplin, Kode Etik, dan Peradilan Umum merupakan bentuk pertanggungjawaban pidana. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Propam Polrestabes Makassar dengan melakukan wawancara langsung dan menganalisis proses hukum Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan yang di lakukan anggota Polisi Lalu lintas. Financial S Persecution is defined as causing unpleasant feelings, pain, or injury intentionally. Persecution committed by Traffic Policemen is based on certain principles. Indonesian policemen who abuse motorcyclists are basically subject to the general court. The findings obtained from this research include: (1) The implementation of the law against the persecution criminal act by aggravating the traffic policemen handled by Profession and Security (Propam) of Makassar Police is violating Article 351 verses 1 to 3 and 5 of the Criminal Code. (2) based on evidence from testimony of witnesses and statements of perpetrators, liability for criminal acts as law enforcement includes the notion of subjects and objects in the process of upholding the law itself. In enforcing the law against Indonesian Policemen who commit disciplinary violations, Indonesia National Police through Propam (Profession and Security) has the responsibility and task of the organizational structure at Police Stations. Disciplinary Action Punishment, Code of Ethics, and General Courts are forms of criminal liability. This research was conducted at Propam of Makassar Police Station by conducting direct interviews and deciding on the Criminal Act of Persecution by the Traffic Policemen.

ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE OF BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS) AMONG TRAFFIC CONSTABLES WORKING IN SOUTHERN CHENNAI - A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

Background:Basic Life Support (BLS) is a lifesaving technique useful in many emergencies like heart attacks, drowning and accidents. BLS is the initial step of prompt recognition and to provide emergency support of ventilation and circulatory in case of respiratory or cardiac arrest. The Traffic Police who would be discharging his duty nearby the accident can help much in saving the lives of victims of RTA with his knowledge of BLS. In India the basic techniques of BLS are not offered to Traffic Police. Hence training the Traffic Constables with BLS techniques will result in improvement in survival rates of victims of RTA. Objective:To assess the knowledge of Basic Life Support (BLS) among traffic constables working in Southern Chennai. Methods:An interventional study design was used. Traffic constables who are working in Greater Chennai were included in the study. A semi structured questionnaire will be used to assess the knowledge on BLS among traffic constables. Then post intervention will be given based on the knowledge they gained. Result:In our sample, most of the traffic policemen were in the age group of 31- 40 years (47.1%) and other 36.5 % of traffic policemen were in the age group of 41-50 years of age. Almost of the participants are married. Among the participants, more than 10 years of experienced people have the adequate knowledge. Remaining them need more information regarding Cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Among the participant, 60% of the traffic policemen were have adequate knowledge. Conclusion:BLS is an integral part of training for first aid. The present study revealed the comprehension and familiarity of the traffic policemen with BLS and attitude towards BLS training.The results indicate that there is sufficient overall awareness of BLS training among traffic police officers and that significant improvements are needed to save lives.

RHINOPLASTY DIARIES PART #2: DON'T TAKE THE ARAB OUT FROM MY SON'S NOSE

As promised I am writing the second part of my series of articles covering interactions I have had during my 30 years in Rhinoplasty. This focuses on my journey as a Rhinoplasty at a time when the specialty was developing in India. Nowadays with all the audio-visual aids and experienced surgeon learning Rhinoplasty is much simpler in India. But when I started, there was no authority on Rhinoplasty, at least in Mumbai. At the time there were some famous genral plastic surgeons treating 􀃶lm stars( but not particularly known for Rhinoplasty) but they were so secretive that they never allowed juniors to watch or learn their surgery , Especially if you weren't a plastic surgeon – I would go so far as to say it was considered a sin for an ENT surgeon to even think of Rhinoplasty, all that was expected from us was to divert cases like traffic policemen. As with all careers luck played a part, I joined as a Lecturer at theT.N.Medical college & B.Y.L Nair Hospital Mumbai,, the professor was very friendly with a German plastic surgeon and ordered a full Karl storz Rhinoplasty instrument set. KEY WORDS: RHINOPLASTY, NOSE DEFORMITY, CORRECTION OF NOSE DEFORMITY

Assessment of Traffic Policemen Exposure To Benzene by Using Trans, Trans-Muconic Acid Biomarker in Ahvaz City, Iran

Benzene is known as an environmental and industrial pollutant. One way to check the amount of exposure to benzene is to measure its metabolites in the urine. Trans, Trans-Muconic Acid which is one of its metabolites is also as a biological indicator of exposure to benzene. In this study, the relationship between the amount of this biomarker and the environmental benzene concentration was investigated in two groups of policemen working outdoors in the traffic-congested areas and indoor in the same area. The results showed that the highest amount of benzene was in Salman Farsi Station at 4.44 ppm. At the same time, the biomarker measured in the urine showed 127.20 μg / L, which was the highest amount. In addition, the amount of benzene in the outdoor was approximately 3 times more than indoor and the amount of biomarker measured in outdoor employees was two times more than indoors ones. In general, wherever there was more benzene, the biomarker would also show a higher amount.

ASSESSMENT OF MICRONUCLEUS FREQUENCY AND RESPIRATORY HEALTH SYMPTOMS AMONG TRAFFIC POLICEMEN EXPOSED TO BTEX AND PM2.5 IN KLANG VALLEY, MALAYSIA

Volatile organic compounds such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene (BTEX), and particulate matter (PM) with a diameter of less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5) are often associated with traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and harm the health of the community. This study aimed to evaluate the personal air pollutant exposure, micronucleus (MN) frequency, and respiratory health symptoms among 160 traffic policemen and 149 office workers in Klang Valley. Personal exposure concentrations for BTEX and PM2.5 among traffic police were 390.12 μg/m3 and 140.00 μg/m3 respectively, whereas 97.64 μg/m3 (BTEX) and 23.00 µg/m3 (PM2.5) among office workers. Statistical analysis for MN frequency between traffic policemen (6.2±2.6) and office workers (3.0±2.0) shows a significant difference (p < 0.001). The Chi-Square test for respiratory health symptoms indicates that only cough shows the significant differences between traffic policemen and office workers (χ2 = 5.645, p = 0.018, PR = 1.800). In short, this study showed that TRAP exposure would increase the chromosomal damage that can cause high MN frequency among traffic policemen and would increase the prevalence of respiratory health symptoms among urban workers.

Multilevel Analysis of 24-Hour Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and Associated Factors among Police Officers in Hanoi, Vietnam

Background. Due to long-hour outdoor working environment, policemen have been subjected to tremendous health risks including blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). In tropical countries, the temperature is extremely harsh which may get peak at above 40 Celsius degrees or drops under 8 Celsius degrees. However, the existing data on the effects of weather variation on BP and HR among police task force has been scarce in Vietnam. Aims. This study aimed to describe the variation of 24-hour BP and HR and identify factors associated with BP and HR for further appropriate interventions in order to reduce health risks from occupational exposure. Methods. Multilevel regression analysis (MLRA) was applied with two levels of influent factors. 24-hour holter measured systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and HR values were the first level which should then be nested in the second level (individual). 24-hour temperature and humidity variations were extracted, respectively, from Hanoi Hydrometeorology Department. All individual characteristics and risk behaviours were measured within 24 studying hours. Results. Temperature and humidity were major factors that influenced (74%-78%) the variation of BP and HR among the policemen population. When each of the Celsius degree temperature or percentage humidity increases, the SBP goes down by 0.44 (0.11-0.77) and by 0.2 (0.33-0.77), respectively, and the DBP goes down by 0.21 (-0.05-0.48) and by 0.12 (0.02-0.22), respectively, and vice versa. Interaction between temperature and humidity was significantly influent to SBP. The farther the time section from the first time section (0-6AM) the more the variation of the BP and HR. Transition from winter to summer made SBP and DBP decrease and vice versa. Individual characteristics including body mass index (BMI), bad life styles, and stress contributed 22% to 26% to the variation of BP and HR. Traffic policemen were at the greatest risks of the outdoor ambient variation in comparison with the firefighters and office-based policemen. Conclusion. Designing and equipping appropriate uniform and outdoor facilities could help to reduce influence of temperature and humidity variation in the outdoor workplace. Besides, training and educating programs that aimed at controlling BMI, risk behaviours, and stress for police taskforce, especially the traffic policemen, should be implemented.