Immunochemical Studies on Proteins Important in Blood Coagulation

1962 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 021-036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion I. Barnhart ◽  
G. F Erson ◽  
W. J Baker
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Double Diffusion ◽  
Single Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Specific Antisera ◽  
Antihemophilic Factor ◽  
Stimulate Antibody ◽  
Homogeneous Preparation

SummaryThis report draws attention to the fact that only minute quantities of purified serum proteins (1 —15 μg/kg body weight) are required to stimulate antibody production. Injection of amounts greater than 1 mg/kg either is a waste or favors the production of non-specific antisera. Potent antisera can be produced in rabbits with a single intramuscular injection using either Al(OH)3 gel or Amphojel as an adjuvant.A number of purified plasma protein preparations which appear homogenous by ultra centrifugation or biological activity studies actually contain several antigenic components and are immunologically heterogeneous, when checked with highly specific antisera.Fibrinogen prepared by alcohol fractionation and tannic acid purification was found to be free of prothrombin, antihemophilic factor and Profibrinolysin. Both Immunoelectrophoresis and double diffusion in agar indicated a homogeneous preparation.Fibrinogens prepared from human, canine and bovine plasmas exhibited a low species specificity.

STREPTOMYCIN INTRAMUSCULAR DOSAGE PER UNIT BODY WEIGHT CORRELATED WITH SERUM LEVELS IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-169
Author(s):  
ANDREW D. HUNT ◽  
MARY B. FELL
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Normal Kidney ◽  
Newborn Period ◽  
Single Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Unit Body Weight ◽  
In Infants And Children

Predictable serum levels of streptomycin can be obtained by calculating dosage on a basis of mg./unit body weight. Dosage can be determined in this fashion in all age groups. The serum streptomycin levels following single intramuscular injections of 6.6, 11.0, and 15.4 mg./kg. body weight are graphically illustrated. The serum level following a single intramuscular injection falls more slowly during the newborn period. This is probably the result of dehydration and consequent low urine output. Healthy children with apparently normal kidney function show little accumulation of streptomycin in the serum during intermittent intramuscular injection at the three and six hour intervals. Eleven mg./kg. body weight every six hours is recommended as a satisfactory dosage schedule when it is desirable to keep the blood streptomycin level constantly above 5 µ. per milliliter.

CHEMISTRY OF GONADOTROPHINS IN RELATION TO THEIR ANTIGENIC PROPERTIES

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (1_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S13-S30 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Butt
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Neuraminic Acid ◽  
Fixation Technique ◽  
Immunological Activity ◽  
Antigenic Properties ◽  
Specific Antisera ◽  
Structural Differences

ABSTRACT Several chemical differences between FSH, LH and HCG have been reported: thus LH and HCG are richer in proline than FSH and FSH and HCG contain more N-acetyl neuraminic acid than LH. Sub-units of LH are formed by treatment with urea, guanidine or acid. HCG also may contain two sub-units. The sub-units from LH are biologically inert but retain their immunological activity: biological activity is restored when the sub-units are incubated together. There is much evidence from chemical and enzymic reactions that antigenic groups are distinct from those parts of the molecule essential for biological activity. N-acetyl neuraminic acid and probably other carbohydrates in FSH and HCG are not involved in immunological activity but are necessary for biological activity. Histidine, methionine and possibly cysteine appear to be essential for biological but not immunological activity of FSH, while tryptophan and possibly tyrosine are not essential for either. A few highly specific antisera to gonadotrophins have been prepared in rabbits and guinea pigs to crude antigens: there is no evidence that purified antigens are more likely to produce specific antisera. Differences in the immunological reactivities of urinary compared with pituitary gonadotrophins have been observed both by radioimmunoassay and by the complement fixation technique. The latter may be particularly useful for detecting structural differences in the hormones.

scholarly journals Tissue distribution of marbofloxacin in pigs after a single intramuscular injection

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Yiming Liu ◽  
Zhili Li ◽  
Yuqin Wang ◽  
Baobao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Single Intramuscular Injection

Immunochemical Investigation of the Serum Proteins in Chick Embryos

Development ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-688
Author(s):  
F. Peetoom ◽  
W. J. A. TH. Kraijenhoff Sloot ◽  
M. W. Woerdeman
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Lens Proteins ◽  
Embryonic Antigens ◽  
Specific Antisera ◽  
Precipitation Band ◽  
Immunochemical Investigation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Chick Lens

The use of specific antisera against different embryonic antigens to detect a correlation between morphological and immunochemical differentiation in ontogenesis has proved to be a valuable technique. In a study of the appearance of lens proteins in chick embryos, using various antisera and agar precipitation methods, we observed the development of precipitation lines which did not correspond to specific lens proteins. These lines were encountered in the Ouchterlony and immunoelectrophoretic pictures obtained with young (up to 120 hr.) embryo or lens extracts when these were tested with antiserum to 24-hr, embryo extract or to adult chick serum. However, this type of precipitation band was never found when antiserum against adult chick lens was used. Some of our experimental results which clarify the nature of these precipitation reactions are summarized below. Full details of these experiments are the subject of another publication.

THE EFFECT OF BETAMETHASONE ON GLUCOSE PRODUCTION AND ON GLUCONEOGENESIS FROM AMINO ACIDS IN SHEEP

1974 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. B. REILLY ◽  
E. J. H. FORD
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Entry Rate ◽  
Steroid Administration ◽  
Single Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Mean Glucose

SUMMARY Primed continuous infusions of tracer amounts of [U-14C]glucose and of [U-14C]labelled mixed amino acids were used to measure plasma glucose and amino acid entry rates and to obtain an index of the incorporation of amino acid carbon into glucose by sheep before and 24 h after a single intramuscular injection of betamethasone. Maximum hyperglycaemia occurred 24 h after administration of the steroid, but there was no significant change in arterial amino acid concentration. Mean glucose entry rate was significantly raised 24 h after steroid administration. The rate of incorporation of amino acid carbon into glucose also increased significantly. The increases in plasma glucose concentration and in glucose entry confirm the authors' previous results. The results also indicate that a significant proportion of the additional glucose entry is synthesized from amino acid carbon.

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