Immunochemical Investigation of the Serum Proteins in Chick Embryos

Development ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-688
Author(s):  
F. Peetoom ◽  
W. J. A. TH. Kraijenhoff Sloot ◽  
M. W. Woerdeman
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Lens Proteins ◽  
Embryonic Antigens ◽  
Specific Antisera ◽  
Precipitation Band ◽  
Immunochemical Investigation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Chick Lens

The use of specific antisera against different embryonic antigens to detect a correlation between morphological and immunochemical differentiation in ontogenesis has proved to be a valuable technique. In a study of the appearance of lens proteins in chick embryos, using various antisera and agar precipitation methods, we observed the development of precipitation lines which did not correspond to specific lens proteins. These lines were encountered in the Ouchterlony and immunoelectrophoretic pictures obtained with young (up to 120 hr.) embryo or lens extracts when these were tested with antiserum to 24-hr, embryo extract or to adult chick serum. However, this type of precipitation band was never found when antiserum against adult chick lens was used. Some of our experimental results which clarify the nature of these precipitation reactions are summarized below. Full details of these experiments are the subject of another publication.

Cytotoxicity of lens antisera to dissociated chick neural retina cells in tissue culture

Development ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-406
Author(s):  
Max Braverman ◽  
Carl Cohen ◽  
Arthur Katoh
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Neural Retina ◽  
Vitreous Humour ◽  
Specific Antiserum ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Ocular Tissues ◽  
Lens Proteins ◽  
Chick Lens

Immunoprecipitation techniques have shown that characteristic lens proteins can be found in many tissues of the chick eye. Langman & Prescott (1959), Maisel & Langman (1961a), Maisel (1962) and Maisel & Harmison (1963), among others, have demonstrated antigens cross-reacting with adult chick lens antisera in iris, pigmented retina, cornea and aqueous and vitreous humour. Maisel (1963) suggested that lens antigens are present in neural retina, but the presence of lens antigens in this tissue has not been firmly established, and a number of investigators reporting lens antigens in other ocular tissues have not found them in the neuro-retina. [For reviews of immunological investigations on the development and ubiquity of lens proteins see Langman (1959a, b), Maisel & Langman (1961b), Rabaey (1962), Woedereman (1961), Zwaan (1963), Ikeda & Zwaan (1966, 1967), Zwaan & Ikeda (1968) and Clayton, Campbell & Truman (1968).] Chick embryos developing in the presence of lens specific antiserum do, however, exhibit defects of the neural retina.

Structures and phase transitions in barium sodium niobate tungsten bronze (BNN)

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Whittle ◽  
Christopher J. Howard ◽  
Siegbert Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Tungsten Bronze ◽  
Standard Setting ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Temperature Structure ◽  
Sodium Niobate ◽  
Tetragonal Tungsten Bronze ◽  
Space Group ◽  
The Subject

The room-temperature structure of the filled tetragonal tungsten bronze, Ba2NaNb5O15 (BNN), has been the subject of a number of studies, and these studies have given an almost corresponding number of different results. From a group theoretical examination of the different possibilities and a review of the published experimental results we conclude that the room-temperature structure is that proposed by Labbé et al. [J. Phys. Condens. Matter (1989), 2, 25–43] in the space group Bbm2 (Ama2 in standard setting) on a 2\sqrt{2}a × \sqrt{2}a × 2c cell. Upon heating, the structure remains ferroelectric but becomes tetragonal (space group P4bm) at 550 K, then paraelectric (space group P4/mbm) at and above 860 K.

Permissive and directive interactions in lens induction

Development ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-179
Author(s):  
Marketta Karkinen-Jääskeläinen
Keyword(s):  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Optic Vesicle ◽  
Lens Proteins ◽  
Lens Formation

The interactive events leading to lens formation and the developmental potentialities of the presumptive lens ectoderm were examined in vitro. The presumptivelens ectoderm of both mouse and chick embryos was capable of forming a lens even when isolated from the optic vesicle before the two tissues reach the stage of close association.This lens-forming bias can be released with favourable culture conditions and by various heterotypic mesenchymes. The same permissive, unspecific conditions or heterotypic tissues failed to trigger lens formation in trunk ectoderm. The directive effect of the optic vesicle was demonstrated in experiments where it was grown in contact with the trunk ectoderm. The latter developed distinct lentoid bodies synthesizing lens proteins. The origin of the lentoid was confirmed in interspecies combination of chick and quail tissues. Itis concluded that lens formation is governed by a series of interactive events consisting of both directive and permissive influences.

The semantic role of the wh-element and subject position in Spanish and Catalan

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aria Adli
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Results ◽  
Subject Position ◽  
Semantic Role ◽  
The Subject

AbstractThis work presents experimental results on the position of the subject in

Necessity of Automated Vehicle Control Customization: Experimental Results during Lane Changing

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (22) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Naohisa Hashimoto ◽  
Simon Thompson ◽  
Shin Kato ◽  
Ali Boyali ◽  
Sadayuki Tsugawa
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Control ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Automated Vehicle ◽  
Vehicle Trajectories ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Automated Vehicle Control

This study investigated the necessity of automated vehicle control customization for individual drivers via a lane-changing experiment involving 35 subjects and an automated minivan. The experiment consisted of two automated driving conditions: one in which the subject was unable to override vehicle controls, the other with the option to override when the subject felt it was necessary. The automated vehicle drove at a speed of 40 km/h along three kinds of planned paths for lane changing, generated by Bezier curves; the distance required for lane changing was varied to obtain the preferred path of each subject. Various data obtained during driving, including vehicle trajectories and steering angles produced by subjects were logged. After automated driving, a questionnaire was administered to each subject. The experimental data showed that there was a statistically significant difference between comfort when the vehicle drove along the subject’s preferred path, and when it drove along other paths. The results of the questionnaire indicated that 46% of the subjects preferred the planned path that most closely resembled their own. In addition, quantitative analysis of driving data found that approximately 69% of the subjects preferred an automated driving control that resembled their own. However, it was also observed that certain subjects were open to multiple types of automated vehicle control. The experimental results indicate that drivers will not necessarily accept a single type of automated vehicle control, therefore customization will be necessary to improve acceptance of automated driving.

scholarly journals XXII. On the thermal resistance of liquids

1869 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 637-660 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Contact Heat ◽  
The Subject

§ 1. The passage of heat through matter has been mainly examined in reference to the diathermancy of solids, liquids, and gases to radiant heat, and to the conduction of contact-heat through solids and gases. The conduction of contact-heat through liquids forms a chapter in heat transference which has not hitherto received as much attention from experimental physicists as it merits. § 2. In the following pages I have the honor of submitting to the Royal Society certain experimental results and considerations to which I have been led during an investigation of this subject. These results are necessarily incomplete. The inquiry is fraught with very numerous and considerable experimental difficulties; but I venture to hope that such as the results are, they may be found useful to those who shall hereafter pursue the subject with greater skill and more perfect appliances.

Dynamic Compression of Rigid and Flexible Risers: Part I — Experimental Results

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre´ L. C. Fujarra ◽  
Alexandre N. Simos ◽  
Newton Y. Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Compression ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Steel Catenary Riser ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Floating System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Flexible Risers

Dynamic compression is a critical issue for the viability of submerged lines used in offshore applications, especially for deepwater operations. The subject has been addressed both numerically and analytically. However, few experimental data exist in literature for validation purposes. The aim of this first paper is to present experimental results on the dynamic compression of rigid and flexible risers, obtained in towing-tank tests. Two small-scale models have been built, one emulating the dynamic behavior of a steel catenary riser (SCR) and the other corresponding to a much more flexible case. Uniform circular motion has been applied to the top of the line, representing the floating system oscillation. Four different amplitudes have been considered, each one of them with five different frequencies. The influence of current velocity has also been evaluated. Tension has been measured at the top. In this work the small-scale models and experimental setup are described and some comprehensive results are presented and discussed. In a companion paper, comparisons between theoretical (numerical and analytical) and experimental results are presented.

A Low-Cost Head Supported Eye Tracker with High Precision

2013 ◽  
Vol 772 ◽  
pp. 455-460
Author(s):  
Jie Chun Chen ◽  
Shi Quan Ma ◽  
Li Ping Zhao
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Maximal Average

This paper discusses a low cost head-supported eye tracker. To measure the coordinates associated with a subjects gaze point fallen on a monitor, the subject places his head on a head support and keeps his head fixed. Meanwhile, a camera is used to capture images of the subjects left or right eye. The subjects gaze point fallen on a monitor can be determined according to the relative position of the pupil and glint in an eye image. This paper presents not only the principle of this eye tracker, but also the methods used to detect the pupil and glint in an eye image. At last, this paper presents some experimental results, and the experimental results show that the maximal average error of the experimental apparatus is 15 pixels or 0.4 in degrees.

scholarly journals THE SECRETORY PATHWAYS OF RAT SERUM GLYCOPROTEINS AND ALBUMIN

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colvin M. Redman ◽  
M. George Cherian
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Secretory Pathways ◽  
Specific Antisera ◽  
Microsome Fraction

These studies compare the secretory pathways of newly formed rat serum glycoproteins and albumin by studying their submicrosomal localization at early times after the beginning of their synthesis and also by determining the submicrosomal site of incorporation of N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, galactose, and leucine into protein. N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, and galactose were only incorporated in vitro into proteins from membrane-attached polysomes and not into proteins from free polysomes. Mannose incorporation occurred in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, was stimulated by puromycin but not by cycloheximide, and 90% of the mannose-labeled protein was bound to the membranes. Galactose incorporation, by contrast, occurred in the smooth microsome fraction and 89% of the radioactive protein was in the cisternae. Albumin was mostly recovered (98%) in the cisternae, with negligible amounts in the membranes. To determine whether the radio-active sugars were being incorporated into serum proteins or into membrane protein, the solubilized in vivo-labeled proteins were treated with specific antisera to rat serum proteins or to albumin. Immunoelectrophoresis of the 14C-labeled leucine membrane and cisternal proteins showed that the membranes contained radioactive serum glycoprotein but no albumin, while the cisternal fraction contained all of the radioactive albumin and some glycoproteins. The results indicate that newly formed serum glycoproteins remain attached to the membranes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum after they are released from the membrane-attached polysomes, while albumin passes directly into the cisternae.

scholarly journals Lifetimes and heavy quark expansion

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1543005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Lenz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Quark ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Heavy Quarks ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Matrix Elements ◽  
Weak Decays ◽  
The Subject

Kolya Uraltsev was one of the inventors of the Heavy Quark Expansion (HQE), that describes inclusive weak decays of hadrons containing heavy quarks and in particular lifetimes. Besides giving a pedagogic introduction to the subject, we review the development and the current status of the HQE, which just recently passed several non-trivial experimental tests with an unprecedented precision. In view of many new experimental results for lifetimes of heavy hadrons, we also update several theory predictions: [Formula: see text], τ(Bs)/τ(Bd) = 1.001 ±0.002, τ(Λb)/τ(Bd) = 0.935 ±0.054 and [Formula: see text]. The theoretical precision is currently strongly limited by the unknown size of the non-perturbative matrix elements of four-quark operators, which could be determined with lattice simulations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document