scholarly journals Cartilage Grafting

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 200-203
Author(s):  
Nikhil Agrawal ◽  
Shawn Yari ◽  
Drew Engles ◽  
Edward M. Reece
Keyword(s):  
Graft Survival ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Alternative Therapies ◽  
Multiple Alternative ◽  
Cartilage Grafting ◽  
Chondrocyte Migration ◽  
Uptake Of Nutrients ◽  
Over Time

AbstractArthritis remains a widespread and yet unsolved therapeutic dilemma. Cartilage grafting has proven to be difficult and satisfactory results are often elusive. There are several inherent difficulties. These include both chondrocyte migration and the lack of sufficient uptake of nutrients to allow for graft survival. With autografts, there is also the paucity of symptom-free donor sites. Accordingly, multiple alternative therapies for cartilage regeneration and/or substitution have been developed over time. In this article, the authors shall discuss the options for the treatment of damaged cartilage with a focus on the cartilage grafting techniques.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF LATE RENAL GRAFT DYSFUNCTION AND ITS EFFECT FOR LONG-TERM RESULTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Stolyarevich ◽  
T. R. Zhilinskaya ◽  
L. Yu. Artyukhina ◽  
I. G. Kim ◽  
V. A. Zaydenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Rejection ◽  
Graft Survival ◽  
Chronic Rejection ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Graft Dysfunction ◽  
Tubular Atrophy ◽  
Allograft Dysfunction ◽  
Over Time

Aim:to analyze the frequency of different histological diagnoses and it simpact on graft survival in a cohort of patients with renal allograft dysfunction, and to determine pathology features, infl uencing prognosis.Materials and methods.The data obtained from 1470 biopsies, performed by indication at different time after kidney transplantation (48.8 ± 46.1 months) were analyzed retrospectively according to the Banff 2013 classifi cation. Results.The majority of graft dysfunction episodes were attributed to fi ve causes: acute (26,8%) and chronic (12,4%) rejection; chronic nephrotoxicity of СNI (19,3%), interstitial fi brosis/tubular atrophy (15,8%) and recurrent or de novo glomerulonephritis (10,6%). T-cell-mediated acute rejection and functional disorders were the most often cause of dysfunction during the fi rst year after transplantation (40,5% and 21% respectively) but decreased over time. On the other hand, the frequency of chronic rejection, interstitial fi brosis/tubular atrophy with or without СNI nephrotoxicity and recurrent or de novo glomerulonephritis increased from 13%, 26% and 5,5% at the fi rst year to 26,4%, 35,3% and 22,8% respectively at 8 year after transplantation. Chronic rejection represented a major risk for graft loss – 8-year graft survival did not exceed 5%. The prognosis of acute rejection as well asde novoor recurrent glomerular pathologies was more favorable (38% and 42% respectively). In cases of interstitial fi brosis/tubular atrophy with or without СNI nephrotoxicity 8-year graft survival was slightly lower than in the functional disorders (62% and 76%). In acute rejection prognosis for C4d-positive forms was worse compared to C4d-negative, while in chronic rejection there was no difference between C4d-positive and C4d-negative forms. The features of СNI nephrotoxicity did not infl uence the prognosis of non-specifi c interstitial fi brosis and tubular atrophy.Conclusion.Transplant pathology in patients with allograft dysfunction is heterogeneous and changes over time. Acute and chronic rejection; interstitial fi brosis/tubular atrophy with or without СNI nephrotoxicity and recurrent/de novoglomerular pathology are the most often causes of graft dysfunction, but only rejection (mostly chronic) and glomerular pathology are associated with unfavorable prognosis.

Relative Risk Over Time of Donor and Recipient Factors on Kidney Graft Survival

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. S155-S156
Author(s):  
Jingyan Yang ◽  
Christine L Sardo Molmenti ◽  
Elliot Grodstein ◽  
Horacio Rilo ◽  
Lewis W Teperman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Graft Survival ◽  
Kidney Graft ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Improvement of Grafted Watermelon Transplant Survival as a Result of Size and Starch Increases Over Time Caused by Rootstock Fatty Alcohol Treatment: Part I

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-349
Author(s):  
Shawna L. Daley ◽  
Jeffrey Adelberg ◽  
Richard L. Hassell
Keyword(s):  
Graft Survival ◽  
Fatty Alcohol ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Alcohol Treatment ◽  
Sufficient Energy ◽  
Seedless Watermelon ◽  
The One ◽  
Grafted Transplants ◽  
Grafting Experiment ◽  
Over Time

Application of fatty alcohol to rootstocks used for vegetable grafting has been shown to increase the efficiency of producing grafted transplants by controlling cucurbit (Cucurbitaceae) rootstock meristematic regrowth and by allowing the rootstocks to accumulate carbohydrates, especially starch, over time in the hypocotyl and cotyledon. A grafting experiment was conducted to determine the effect of increased carbohydrates on survival of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) grafts using standard grafting procedures. ‘Carnivor’ interspecific hybrid squash (Cucurbita maxima × C. moschata) and ‘Macis’ bottle gourd (Lagenaria sicereria) rootstocks at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days after fatty alcohol treatment were grafted with ‘Tri-X 313’ seedless watermelon using the one-cotyledon method. Graft survival on ‘Macis’ rootstock was acceptable or significantly increased up to day 14, with a slight decrease at day 21. Graft survival on ‘Carnivor rootstock was also acceptable up to day 21, with a significant increase between days 1 and 7. The second experiment was conducted to determine whether the increased carbohydrates provide sufficient energy to successfully graft without the rootstock cotyledon, a method that has previously shown inconsistent results. Graft survival was improved by 90% using treated ‘Carnivor’ rootstock 7 days after fatty alcohol treatment and ‘Macis’ rootstock 14 days after fatty alcohol treatment. Adoption of the hypocotyl-only graft method in commercial production may increase efficiency by better using greenhouse space and could decrease disease probability by removing the cotyledons before grafting.

Grafting – Basic Principles and Surgical Applications, Part II

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Henn ◽  
Kellen Chen ◽  
Janos A. Barrera ◽  
Jagannath Padmanabhan ◽  
Sun Hyung Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graft Survival ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Cartilage Grafting ◽  
Autologous Grafts

Grafting of blood vessels and nerves are essential surgical techniques which are used to restore continuity in cases of acute or chronic vascular or nervous damage. Due to superior outcomes autologous grafts are generally preferred over allografts or alloplastic grafts. Bone, cartilage and tendons are physiologically subjected to various degrees of mechanical stress, which has been observed to play a critical role in graft survival and remodeling. Bone grafting is used to replace missing bone or to enhance new bone formation in the treatment of fractures, delayed or non-unions or in reconstructive surgery after trauma or tumor resection. Unlike bone, cartilage and tendons have a low capacity for self-renewal due their avascular nature and low cellularity which presents challenges to graft survival and healing rates. This review contains 2 figures, and 68 references.  Keywords: autograft, allograft, vascular grafting, nerve grafting, bone grafting, cartilage grafting, tendon grafting, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine

MO970GRAFT OUTCOME AFTER ACUTE REJECTION: A CASE CONTROL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Safa Fattoum ◽  
Mohamed Mongi Bacha ◽  
Tasnim Mosbahhi ◽  
Nesrine Braiek ◽  
Ezzedine Abderrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Rejection ◽  
Graft Survival ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Graft Function ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Graft Outcome ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background and Aims Although Acute rejection (AR) is a complication associated with the early period after kidney transplantation (KT), its complications are mostly seen after a long term. The aim of this study was to evaluate graft outcome after AR. Method It was a longitudinal, retrospective, analytical study including kidney transplant patients followed up in our department between 1986 and 2019. Our population was divided in 2 groups: group A (129 KT complicated by at least one episode of AR) and group B (491 KT not complicated by AR). Results AR was responsible of immediate loss of 2 grafts. Chronic graft dyfonction was more frequent in group A (44,1% versus 17,4%, p<0,0001). Creatininemia levels were significantly higher at 3, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years (respectively p =0,0113 ; <0,0001 ; 0,0003 and 0,0172) after KT. The percentage of patients having creatinine levels > 130 µmol/l was higher in group A at 3, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years and 5 years (respectively p =0,0186 ; 0,001 ; <0,0001 ; 0,0115 ; 0,0073 and 0,0255). Graft survival was better in group B (p<0,0001). In group A, AR recurrence was responsible of a worser survival (p<0,0001). Over time, graft survival improved in the 2 groups. Complete functional recovery survival was similar to graft with no rejection but with impared graft function. The worst graft survival was noted if the functional recovery was absent. Conclusion Even if graft outcome after AR has improved over time, its deleterious effect is still inevitable. So AR must be prevented in order to enhance graft outcome.

Social transmission bias and the cultural evolution of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hirshleifer ◽  
Siew Hong Teoh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Social Transmission ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Economic Attitudes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Beliefs ◽  
Over Time

AbstractEvolved dispositions influence, but do not determine, how people think about economic problems. The evolutionary cognitive approach offers important insights but underweights the social transmission of ideas as a level of explanation. The need for asocialexplanation for the evolution of economic attitudes is evidenced, for example, by immense variations in folk-economic beliefs over time and across individuals.

Articulatory Generalization in Two Word-Medial, Ambisyllabic Contexts

1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia I. Wolfe ◽  
Suzanne D. Blocker ◽  
Norma J. Prater
Keyword(s):  
Common View ◽  
Perceptual Salience ◽  
The Common ◽  
Unitary Concept ◽  
Over Time

Articulatory generalization of velar cognates /k/, /g/ in two phonologically disordered children was studied over time as a function of sequential word-morpheme position training. Although patterns of contextual acquisition differed, correct responses to the word-medial, inflected context (e.g., "picking," "hugging") occurred earlier and exceeded those to the word-medial, noninflected context (e.g., "bacon," "wagon"). This finding indicates that the common view of the word-medial position as a unitary concept is an oversimplification. Possible explanations for superior generalization to the word-medial, inflected position are discussed in terms of coarticulation, perceptual salience, and the representational integrity of the word.

Treatment Fidelity Procedures for an Aphasia Intervention Within a Randomized Controlled Trial: Design, Feasibility, and Results

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1S) ◽  
pp. 412-424
Author(s):  
Elissa L. Conlon ◽  
Emily J. Braun ◽  
Edna M. Babbitt ◽  
Leora R. Cherney
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Treatment Fidelity ◽  
Protocol Adherence ◽  
Study Condition ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Aphasia Therapy ◽  
Percent Accuracy ◽  
Over Time

Purpose This study reports on the treatment fidelity procedures implemented during a 5-year randomized controlled trial comparing intensive and distributed comprehensive aphasia therapy. Specifically, the results of 1 treatment, verb network strengthening treatment (VNeST), are examined. Method Eight participants were recruited for each of 7 consecutive cohorts for a total of 56 participants. Participants completed 60 hr of aphasia therapy, including 15 hr of VNeST. Two experienced speech-language pathologists delivered the treatment. To promote treatment fidelity, the study team developed a detailed manual of procedures and fidelity checklists, completed role plays to standardize treatment administration, and video-recorded all treatment sessions for review. To assess protocol adherence during treatment delivery, trained research assistants not involved in the treatment reviewed video recordings of a subset of randomly selected VNeST treatment sessions and completed the fidelity checklists. This process was completed for 32 participants representing 2 early cohorts and 2 later cohorts, which allowed for measurement of protocol adherence over time. Percent accuracy of protocol adherence was calculated across clinicians, cohorts, and study condition (intensive vs. distributed therapy). Results The fidelity procedures were sufficient to promote and verify a high level of adherence to the treatment protocol across clinicians, cohorts, and study condition. Conclusion Treatment fidelity strategies and monitoring are feasible when incorporated into the study design. Treatment fidelity monitoring should be completed at regular intervals during the course of a study to ensure that high levels of protocol adherence are maintained over time and across conditions.

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