Analysis of facial bone fractures: An 11-year study of 2,094 patients

ABSTRACT Purpose: The medical records of these patients were reviewed and analysed to determine the clinical characteristics and treatment of facial bone fractures. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective study of 2,094 patients with facial bone fractures from various accidents that were treated at the Inha University Hospital from 1996 to 2007. Results: The most common age group was the third decade of life (29%). Males were more common than females (3.98:1). The most common aetiology was violent assault or nonviolent traumatic injury (49.4%). The most common isolated fracture site was the nasal bone (37.7%), followed by the mandible (30%), orbital bones (7.6%), zygoma (5.7%), maxilla (1.3%) and the frontal bone (0.3%). The largest group with complex fractures included the inferior region of the orbital floor and zygomaticomaxilla (14%). Closed reduction was performed in 46.3% of the cases while 39.7% of the cases required open reduction. For open reductions, the most commonly used soft-tissue approach was the intraoral approach (32.3%). The complication rate was 6.4% and the most common complication was hypoesthesia (68.4%) followed by diplopia (25.6%). Conclusion: Long-term collection of epidemiological data regarding facial fractures and concomitant injuries is important for the evaluation of existing preventive measures and useful in the development of new methods of injury prevention and treatment.

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Epidemiology of Maxillofacial Injuries in “Heratsi” No 1 University Hospital in Yerevan, Armenia: A Retrospective Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-828087/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lusine V. Aleksanyan ◽

Anna Yu Poghosyan ◽

Martin S. Misakyan ◽

Armen M. Minasyan ◽

Aren Yu Bablumyan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Interpersonal Violence ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Nasal Bone ◽

Fracture Site ◽

University Hospital ◽

Maxillofacial Injuries ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Injury Site ◽

Maxillofacial Fractures

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective analysis of the prevalence, etiologies, and types of maxillofacial injuries (MFI) and sites of maxillofacial fractures (MFF) and their management in Yerevan, Armenia.Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Data including age, sex, date of referral, mode of injury, etiology, radiology records and treatment methods were extracted. Study outcomes were measured using percentages, means, standard deviations and tests of proportions. P <.05 was considered significant.Results: A total of 204 patients had a mean age of 36.26 ±1.08 years (156 males and 48 females), and a total of 259 MFIs were recorded between 2017 and 2020. Interpersonal violence (IV) was found to be the most common etiology of MFFs in this study (42.1%), followed by road traffic accidents (RTAs) (27.9%) and falls (18.6%). The nasal bone was the most common injury site (47.5%), followed by the mandible (31.4%) and zygomatic complex (11.7%). The most common fracture site was the mandibular angle (37.9%), followed by the symphysis/parasymphysis (28.1%) and body (12.6%). The majority of MFFs were treated by open reduction and internal fixation.Conclusion: Interpersonal violence, followed by RTAs and falls, was the most common cause of MFIs. The nasal bone was the most common injury site, followed by the mandible and zygomatic complex. Social education with the objective of reducing aggression and interpersonal conflict should be improved, and appropriate RTA prevention strategies should be strengthened and implemented.

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Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Otolaryngology Surgery in Italy: The Experience of Our University Hospital

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/0194599820928970 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 163 (1) ◽

pp. 86-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Massimo Ralli ◽

Antonio Minni ◽

Francesca Candelori ◽

Fabrizio Cialente ◽

Antonio Greco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Nasal Bone ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Neck Surgery ◽

University Hospital ◽

Outpatient Procedures ◽

Therapeutic Procedures ◽

Adults And Children

Otolaryngology and head and neck surgery underwent drastic changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since March 10, the first day of the lockdown in Italy, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures were limited to emergency and oncology cases, while outpatient procedures and clinical examinations were temporarily suspended to limit virus diffusion and to reallocate personnel into wards dedicated to COVID-19. In our otolaryngology unit, between March 10 and April 28, 2020, we performed 96 surgical procedures; they mainly consisted in diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors of the head and neck (77%), management of acute upper airway obstruction in adults and children (14.7%), drainage of abscesses of the head and neck (6.2%), and treatment of nasal bone fractures (2.1%). When comparing these data with those of the same period in 2019 for emergency and oncology procedures, we noticed a drastic reduction of head and neck abscesses and nasal bone fractures, while oncology surgery remained stable.

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3-Dimensional Plates Versus Conventional Mini plates in Maxillofacial Trauma- A Review

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4269 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽

pp. 1222-1225

Author(s):

Subhashini Ramasubbu ◽

Shivangi Gaur ◽

Ramvihari Thota ◽

Abdul Wahab P U

Keyword(s):

Bone Fractures ◽

Soft Tissue Injury ◽

Nasal Bone ◽

Maxillofacial Trauma ◽

Mandibular Fractures ◽

Facial Bone ◽

Facial Bones ◽

3 Dimensional ◽

Maxillomandibular Fixation ◽

Wire Osteosynthesis

Maxillofacial trauma is any physical injury to the facial bones. Facial bones are frequently fractured bones in RTA, Assault, Domestic violence etc. Facial trauma includes Maxillary fractures, Mandibular fractures, Orbital Fractures, Nasal Bone Fractures, soft tissue injury such as lacerations, bruises etc. Over the years, there are many refinements in the management of maxillofacial trauma. The incidence of maxillofacial trauma is more in males because they are involved in more physical activities and assault compared to women. In Older times for facial bone fractures, surgeons performed maxillomandibular fixation using wire osteosynthesis for minimum three weeks to 6 weeks, and mouth opening was difficult, poor oral hygiene leading to periodontal problems, difficulty in speech and masticatory functions. The management of maxillofacial trauma includes the use of Maxillomandibular fixation using wire osteosynthesis, conventional mini plates and 3-D plates. For the management of facial bone fractures, Maxillofacial surgeons perform open reduction and internal fixation(ORIF) whenever needed. In the case of ORIF, Surgeons use mini plates either 3D or Conventional Plates for stabilising the fractured segments. This technique requires skill and experience and is also expensive. The advantages of this method are improved quality of life. The objective of this review is to compare 3-Dimensional plates and Conventional Plates in Maxillofacial trauma.

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Sports-Related Pediatric Facial Trauma: Analysis of Facial Fracture Pattern and Concomitant Injuries

The Surgery Journal ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1697627 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 05 (04) ◽

pp. e146-e149 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Andrew A. Dobitsch ◽

Nicholas C. Oleck ◽

Farrah C. Liu ◽

Jordan N. Halsey ◽

Ian C. Hoppe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Population ◽

Skull Fracture ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Nasal Bone ◽

Fracture Pattern ◽

University Hospital ◽

Facial Trauma ◽

Facial Fractures ◽

Facial Skeleton ◽

Concomitant Injuries

Abstract Objective Sports-related injuries, such as facial fractures, are potentially debilitating and may lead to long-term functional and aesthetic deficits in a pediatric patient. In this study, we analyze sports-related facial fractures in the urban pediatric population in an effort to characterize patterns of injury and improve management strategies and outcomes. Methods Retrospective chart review was performed for all facial fractures resulting from sports injuries in the pediatric population at a level-1 trauma center (University Hospital, Newark, NJ). Results Seventeen pediatric patients were identified as having sustained a fracture of the facial skeleton due to sports injury. Mean age was 13.9 years old. A total of 29 fractures were identified. Most common fracture sites included the orbit (n = 12), mandible (n = 5), nasal bone (n = 5), and zygomaticomaxillary complex (n = 3). The most common concomitant injuries included skull fracture (n = 3), intracranial hemorrhage (n = 4), and traumatic brain injury (n = 4). One patient was intubated upon arrival to the emergency department. Hospital admission was required in 13 patients, 4 of which were admitted to an intensive care setting. Nine patients required operative intervention. Mean length of hospital stay was 2.4 days. No patients were expired. Conclusions Sports-related facial fractures are potentially debilitating injuries in the pediatric population. Analysis of fracture pattern and concomitant injuries is imperative to develop effective management strategies and prevention techniques.

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Incidence of bone fracture in Japanese patients receiving long-term hormone therapy for prostate cancer.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e16098 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e16098-e16098

Author(s):

Hiroji Uemura ◽

Hideo Fusayasu ◽

Shinji Ohtake ◽

Narihiko Hayashi ◽

Yumiko Yokomizo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Gnrh Agonist ◽

Hormonal Therapy ◽

Bone Fracture ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Japanese Patients ◽

University Hospital ◽

Long Term Treatment

e16098 Background: For patients with advanced prostate cancer, long-term treatment of androgen deprivation has been conventionally performed. Among the adverse events such as hormonal therapy, bone fracture due to osteoporosis or metastatsis is one of indispensable events. We assessed the frequency of bone fractures in Japanese patients received hormonal therapy. Methods: Between 2000 and 2010, 1,108 Japanese patients were treated with hormonal therapy including GnRH agonist plus anti-androgens or GnRH agonist alone at Yokohama City University Hospital. Of those patients, 48 patients (4.3%) had bone fractures during their treatment. In this retrospective study, we examined the association of bone fracture with the long-term hormonal therapy by investigating the duration of hormonal therapy, fracture sites, and the occurrence of fracture in castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients. Results: The median age of the patients with fracture was 77 (60-85) years; the median duration from the start of hormonal therapy to fracture was 29.4 (5.4-110.4) months. Eight patients with CRPC had pathological fractures at bone metastases. With respect of fracture sites, 22 patients (46%) had spinal fractures and 10 patients (21%) had fracture of lower legs. Of 8 CRPC patients, 7 patients had spinal fracture after long-term hormonal therapy (median: 38.6 months, range: 15.7-99.1 months). Conclusions: Japanese patients with prostate cancer treated with hormonal therapy have lower risk for bone fracture compared with those in western countries and USA, and interestingly, it is recognized that vertebral body is vulnerable to fracture in Japanese, especially in CRPC patients treated for long-term hormonal therapy. Because bone fracture in patients with prostate cancer endanger their prognosis, the bone management how to prevent bone fracture is very important during hormonal therapy. For the purpose of it, more detailed analysis in this retrospective study should be required.

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Facial Injuries Due to Criminal Violence: A Retrospective Study of Hospital Attenders

Medicine Science and the Law ◽

10.1177/002580249203200411 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 345-353 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

C Ström ◽

G Johanson ◽

Å Nordenram

Keyword(s):

Women Victims ◽

Oral Surgery ◽

Nasal Bone ◽

Fracture Site ◽

University Hospital ◽

Patient Records ◽

Criminal Violence ◽

Assault Victims ◽

The University ◽

Nose And Throat

The material comprised 222 assault victims whose injuries required attention at the Departments of Oral Surgery and Ear, Nose, and Throat diseases, the Central Hospital in Falun or corresponding departments at the Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm or the University Hospital in Huddinge. Information was obtained from patient records. One hundred and thirty-eight patients had fractures and the remainder had flesh-wounds, haematomas or swellings. The most frequent fracture site was the nasal bone followed by the jaws. Forty-one per cent of the patients in Falun and 28 per cent in Stockholm reported the assaults to the police: in Falun the proportion of women victims who reported the assault was significantly higher than those who did not. The willingness to notify the police of the violence was not influenced by the use of drugs or the seriousness of the injuries. The study showed that violence in suburban Stockholm was aggravated: one-third of the patients in the study required hospitalization compared to a quarter in a rural area.

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A Clinical Analysis Of Associated Injuries With Facial Bone Fractures In Critical Care Medical Center of Kinki University Hospital

Nihon Kyukyu Igakukai Zasshi ◽

10.3893/jjaam.14.400 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. 400-405

Author(s):

Kenji Fukunishi ◽

Akira Yanagihara ◽

Yasushi Abe ◽

Keiichi Yokoyama ◽

Ikuhiro Sakata

Keyword(s):

Critical Care ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Medical Center ◽

Clinical Analysis ◽

University Hospital ◽

Associated Injuries ◽

Facial Bone

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An Initial Survey of Septorhinoplasty in Crooked Nose Deformities

Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.32412/pjohns.v31i1.311 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 31-34

Author(s):

Cesar V. Villafuerte ◽

Alexander Edward S. Dy ◽

Jose Florencio F. Lapeña

Keyword(s):

Physical Violence ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Nasal Bone ◽

Case Series ◽

Sports Injury ◽

University Hospital ◽

Open Rhinoplasty ◽

Crooked Nose ◽

Columellar Strut ◽

Nose Deformity

Objectives: Crooked nose deformity is a commonly seen reason for septorhinoplasty in the otolaryngology clinic. The purpose of this study is to initially determine the different etiologies of patients with crooked nose deformities who underwent septorhinoplasty, and to describe the different types of crooked nose by their level of deviation and surgical management in our institution. Methods: Study design: Case Series Setting: Tertiary Public University Hospital Subjects: A chart review of all patients with a crooked nose deformity who were admitted at the otorhinolaryngology ward of the National University Hospital and underwent septorhinoplasty from January 2012 to January 2015 was conducted, and data consisting of age, sex, etiology of crooked nose deformity, level of deviation, cartilage source, and surgical intervention were obtained and analyzed. Results: A total of 21 patients underwent septorhinoplasty for crooked nose deformity in the study period. The most common etiology for crooked nose was physical violence (13/21 or 62%), followed by sports injury (4/21 or 19%), vehicular accidents (2/21 or 9%), and accidental fall (1/21 or 5%). There were more upper and middle third deviations than lower third deviations. Sixteen out of 21 patients (76%) underwent open rhinoplasty, while the rest underwent an endonasal approach. Twelve (57%) underwent intervention on the nasal fracture after at least a year (old or neglected fracture) as compared to the 9 (43%) who had immediate intervention after less than two weeks. Thirteen used septal cartilage, while 4 used conchal cartilage, and 1 used tragal cartilage. The most common grafts used were spreader and camouflage, followed closely by dorsal onlay, and columellar strut grafts. Conclusions: The majority of crooked nose deformities that were subjected to septorhinoplasty in our department were secondary to old nasal bone fractures caused by physical violence. Upper and middle third level deviations were more common, and most underwent open rhinoplasty with autologous cartilage grafts. Future studies may increase our understanding of, and improve our techniques in septorhinoplasty for crooked nose deformities in Filipino noses in particular, and Asian noses in general. Keywords: rhinoplasty, deviated nose, crooked nose, septorhinoplasty, nasal trauma

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Knowledge, Perceptions and Concerns of Diabetes-Associated Complications among Individuals Living with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare8010025 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

Clara Sanz-Nogués ◽

Mohamad Mustafa ◽

Helen Burke ◽

Timothy O’Brien ◽

Cynthia Coleman

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

University Hospital ◽

Related Complication ◽

Preventative Measures ◽

Health Complications

The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge, perceptions and concerns of individuals living with diabetes mellitus regarding the disorder and its associated long-term health complications. Individuals living with type 1 (N = 110) and type 2 (N = 100) diabetes were surveyed at the Diabetes Centre at University Hospital Galway (Ireland). A questionnaire was used to record respondent’s perceptions and concerns about living with diabetes and developing associated long-term health complications, especially diabetes-induced osteopathy. Participants’ responses revealed a variety of perspectives. Individuals with type 1 diabetes had a deeper understanding of the aetiology of diabetes and were more concerned about its complications than individuals with type 2 diabetes. The most recognized complications identified by the participants were retinopathy (92% type 1; 83% type 2), amputations (80% type 1; 70% type 2) and nephropathy (83% type 1; 63% type 2). Diabetes-related osteopathy was under-recognized, with 37% (type 1) and 23% (type 2) of respondents identifying bone fractures as a diabetes-related complication. Enhancing the patient awareness of this under-recognized diabetes-associated complication and ensuring that preventative measures are incorporated within health care programmes may offer methodologies to address this complication clinically.

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EPIDEMIOLOGY OF MAXILLOFACIAL INJURIES IN "HERATSI" №1 UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN YEREVAN, ARMENIA: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

10.1101/2021.06.02.21258208 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lusine Aleksanyan ◽

Anna Poghosyan ◽

Martin Misakyan ◽

Armen Minasyan ◽

Aren Bablumyan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Interpersonal Violence ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Nasal Bone ◽

Fracture Site ◽

University Hospital ◽

Maxillofacial Injuries ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Injury Site ◽

Maxillofacial Fractures

Objective: The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective analysis of the prevalence, etiologies, and types of maxillofacial injuries (MFI) and sites of maxillofacial fractures (MFF) and their management in the Department of ENT and Maxillofacial Surgery of "Heratsi" No. 1 University Hospital in Yerevan, Armenia. Material and methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Data including age, sex, date of referral, mode of injury, etiology, radiology records and treatment methods were extracted. Study outcomes were measured using percentages, means, standard deviations and tests of proportions. P <.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 204 patients had a mean age of 36.26 years (156 males and 48 females), and a total of 259 MFIs were recorded between 2017 and 2020. Interpersonal violence (IV) was found to be the most common etiology of MFFs in this study (42.1%), followed by road traffic accidents (RTAs) (27.9%) and falls (18.6%). The nasal bone was the most common injury site (47.5%), followed by the mandible (31.4%) and zygomatic complex (11.7%). The most common fracture site was the mandibular angle (37.9%), followed by the symphysis/parasymphysis (28.1%) and body (12.6%). The majority of MFFs were treated by open reduction and internal fixation. Conclusion: Interpersonal violence, followed by RTAs and falls, was the most common cause of MFIs. The nasal bone was the most common injury site, followed by the mandible and zygomatic complex. Social education with the objective of reducing aggression and interpersonal conflict should be improved, and appropriate RTA prevention strategies should be strengthened and implemented.

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