scholarly journals Current Avenues for COVID-19 Serology

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (02) ◽  
pp. 087-090
Author(s):  
Saumya Srivastava ◽  
Vidhi Jain ◽  
Vijaya Lakshmi Nag ◽  
Sanjeev Misra ◽  
Kuldeep Singh
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Diagnostic Assays ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractDevelopment of rapid, reliable, and easy diagnostic tests with high-throughput is the need of the hour for laboratories combating the COVID-19 pandemic. While real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard for diagnosing active infections, it is expensive and time-consuming. Serological diagnostic assays with a premise to aid rapid contact tracing, immune status determination, and identification of potential convalescent plasma donors hold great promise. Timely diagnosis, effective treatment, and future prevention are key to management of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Performance comparison of two malaria rapid diagnostic test with real time polymerase chain reaction and gold standard of microscopy detection method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puspa Wardhani ◽  
Trieva Verawaty Butarbutar ◽  
Christophorus Oetama Adiatmaja ◽  
Amarensi Milka Betaubun ◽  
Nur Hamidah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background: The diagnostic test for malaria is mostly based on Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) and detection by microscopy. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is also a sensitive detection method that can be considered as a diagnostic tool. The outcome of malaria microscopy detection depends on the examiner's ability and experience. Some RDT has been distributed in Indonesia, which needs to be evaluated for their results. Objective: This study aimed to compare the performance of RightSign RDT and ScreenPlus RDT for detection of Plasmodium in human blood. We used specific real-time polymerase chain reaction abTESTMMalaria qPCRII) and gold standard of microscopy detection method to measure diagnostic efficiency. Methods: Blood specimens were evaluated using RightSign RDT, ScreenPlus RDT, Microscopy detection, and RT-PCR as the protocol described. The differences on specificity (Sp), sensitivity (Sn), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were analyzed using McNemar and Kruskal Wallis analysis. Results: A total of 105 subjects were recruited. Based on microscopy test, RightSign RDT had sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, 100%, 98%, 98.2%, 100%, respectively. ScreenPlus showed 100% sensitivity, 98% specificity, 98.2% PPV, 100% NPV. The sensitivity of both RDTs became lower (75%) and the specificity higher (100 %) when using real-time PCR. Both RDTs showed a 100% agreement. RT-PCR detected higher mix infection when compared to microscopy and RDTs. Conclusion: RightSign and ScreenPlus RDT have excellent performance when using microscopy detection as a gold standard. Real-time PCR method can be considered as a confirmation tool for malaria diagnosis.

scholarly journals The Value of Pre-operative Testing for COVID-19 in Urological Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. e29-e34
Author(s):  
Vasileios Bonatsos ◽  
Asif Raza
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
The World ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pcr Assays

According to the World Health Organisation there have been 30,055,710 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 933,433 confirmed deaths across 216 countries globally. The availability of the complete SARS-CoV-2 genome relatively early in the epidemic has enabled the development of tests for the diagnosis of COVID-19. There are two broad categories of SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic tests currently in use or development: (1) Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests and (2) serology tests. RT-PCR is considered the gold standard and preferred method of diagnosis of acute infection. There is, however, a plethora of laboratory-developed and commercial RT-PCR assays with different gene targets. We discuss the value of pre-operative testing for COVID-19 before urological surgery.

The diagnostic performance of rapid diagnostic tests and microscopy for malaria diagnosis in eastern Sudan using a nested polymerase chain reaction assay as a reference standard

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (11) ◽  
pp. 701-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakya A Abdalla ◽  
NourElhouda A Rahma ◽  
Elhashimi E Hassan ◽  
Tajeldin M Abdallah ◽  
Hadeel E Hamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Eastern Sudan

Abstract Background Accurate diagnosis of malaria infection is essential for successful control and management of the disease. Both microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are recommended for malaria diagnosis, however, RDTs are more commonly used. The aim of the current study was to assess the performance of microscopy and RDTs in the diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum infection using a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay as the gold standard. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in Kassala Hospital, eastern Sudan. A total of 341 febrile participants of all ages were recruited. Blood specimens were collected and malaria testing was performed using an RDT (SD Bioline Malaria Ag Pf), microscopy and nested PCR. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV, respectively) of microscopy and the RDT were investigated. Results The prevalence of P. falciparum malaria infections in this study was 22.9%, 24.3% and 26.7% by PCR, microscopy and RDT, respectively. Compared with microscopy, the RDT had slightly higher sensitivity (80.7% vs 74.3%; p=0.442), equivalent specificity (89.3% vs 90.4%), a similar PPV (69.2% vs 69.8%) and a higher NPV (94.0% vs 92.2%). Conclusions The diagnostic performance of the RDT was better than that of microscopy in the diagnosis of P. falciparum malaria when nested PCR was used as the gold standard.

scholarly journals Dynamic Prediction of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR status on Chest Radiographs using Deep Learning Enabled Radiogenomics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Hang Keith Chiu ◽  
Dmytro Poplavskiy ◽  
Sailong Zhang ◽  
Philip Leong Ho Yu ◽  
Michael D. Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Chest Imaging ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Dynamic Prediction ◽  
Specialized Equipment ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but requires specialized equipment and reagents and suffers from long turnaround times. While valuable, chest imaging currently only detects COVID-19 pneumonia, but if it can predict actual RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 status is unknown. Radiogenomics may provide an effective and accurate RT-PCR-based surrogate. We describe a deep learning radiogenomics (DLR) model (RadGen) that predicts a patient's RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 status solely from their frontal chest radiograph (CXR).

scholarly journals Retour d’expérience sur Covisan : un dispositif médicosocial pour casser les chaînes de transmission de la Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pernet ◽  
H. de Bonnières ◽  
C. Breton ◽  
V. Hirsch ◽  
J.S. Molitor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Prise En Charge ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Dépistage Systématique

Covisan a été mis en place à partir du 14 avril 2020 au niveau de quatre sites pilotes de l’Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP) pour casser les chaînes de transmission au SARS-CoV-2 selon un modèle original déjà éprouvé en Haïti pour éliminer le choléra dans les années 2010. Le dispositif consiste en un dépistage systématique des cas possibles de Covid-19, un accompagnement dans leur confinement et une prise en charge de leurs proches. Des équipes mobiles se sont déplacées au domicile des cas contacts afin d’évaluer les possibilités d’un isolement au domicile, de proposer des aides matérielles (courses, blanchisserie, hébergement externalisé) et de dépister leurs proches. Au 17 juin 2020, 6 376 patients ont été orientés vers Covisan, parmi lesquels 153 avaient une RT-PCR (reverse transciptase polymerase chain reaction) positive au SARSCoV-2. Covisan a permis un partenariat ville–hôpital innovant, en impliquant de multiples acteurs (personnels soignants, administratifs, logisticiens, métiers de service). Les autorités sanitaires se sont d’ailleurs inspirées de ce modèle pour lutter contre l’épidémie en mettant en place le contact tracing. Covisan, qui a appris en marchant, a également rencontré quelques difficultés, en particulier au niveau de la gestion des différents statuts des personnels ainsi qu’au niveau de la communication interne et externe.

scholarly journals DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) DAN NS1 ANTIGEN UNTUK DETEKSI DINI INFEKSI AKUT VIRUS DENGUE

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meddy Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Dengue Shock Syndrome ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
Ns1 Antigen ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) atau Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) disebabkan oleh infeksi virus dengue. Virus dengue merupakan virus RNA yang termasuk ke dalam famili flaviviridae , genus flavivirus dan ada 4 serotipe yang berbeda yaitu DEN1, DEN 2, DEN 3, dan DEN 4. Keempat serotipe terdapat di Indonesi a dengan dominasi DEN 3 dan DEN 2.   Dengue ini merupakan penyakit arbovirus endemik yang saat ini telah menjangkiti lebih dari 100 negara, baik  yang terletak di dae rah tropik maupun su btropik. WHO memperkirakan sekitar 50-100 juta ka sus infeksi virus dengue terjadi setiap tahun, menghasilkan 250.000-500.000 kasus demam berdarah dengue dan  24.000 kematian setiap tah unnya. Virus dengue ini dapat ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegyp ti dan Aedes albopictus sebagai vektornya dengan masa inkubasi ra ta-rata 4-6 hari. Infeksi virus dangue dapat menyebabkan manifestasi kilinis yang bervariasi mulai dari asimtomatik sampai manifestasi klinis  yang berat yang mengakibatka n kematian. Demam dengue atau dengue fever merupakan manifestasi klinis yang ringan, sedangkan DBD/DHF dan  Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) merupakan manifestasi klinis  yang berat.  Berbagai teori yang menjelaskan patogenesis DBD dan DSS banyak bermunculan dan saling kontroversi. Pada saat ini teori yang banyak dianut adalah teori Antibody Dependent Enhancement (ADE). Menurut teori ini, infeksi sekunder yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue dengan serotipe yang berbeda dengan infeksi primer akan menimbul kan antibodi heterologous yang dibentuk pada infeksi pertama namun tidak bisa mengeliminasi virus dengue pada infeksi sekunder (bersifat subnetralisasi) bahkan antibodi tersebut bersifat opsonis asi sehingga sel target menjadi lebih mudah di infeksi oleh virus dan  menyebabkan manifestasi klinis yang lebih berat.  Saat ini telah tersedia berbagai teknik pemeriksaan untuk mendeteksi infeksi virus dengue yaitu  pemeriksaan kultur dan isolasi  virus, RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction), serologi (anti dengue lgG dan lgM) dan juga pemeriksaan hematologi rutin. Kultur virus atau PCR saat ini dianggap sebagai gold standard untuk mendeteksi virus dengue, namun memiliki keterbatasan dalam hal biaya dan teknis pengerjaannya. Pemeriksaan  serologi anti dengue lgG dan lgM yang dike rjakan secara rutin di laboratorium juga  memiliki ketrbatasan yaitu tidak dapat mendeteksi infeksi dengan lebih aw al.  Saat ini telah dikembangkan suatu pemeriksaan baru terhadap antigen non struktural-1 dengue (NS1) yang  dapat mendeteksi infeksi virus dengue dengan  lebih awal bahkan pada hari pertama ons et demam.

scholarly journals Usefulness of the extraction-free RT-PCR methods for the SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics: An Italian experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Domnich ◽  
Vanessa De Pace ◽  
Beatrice M. Pennati ◽  
Patrizia Caligiuri ◽  
Serena Varesano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Valuable Alternative ◽  
Italian Experience ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pcr Techniques

Abstract The extraction-based real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is currently the “gold standard” for the SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics. However, some extraction-free RT-PCR techniques have been recently developed. In this study we compared the performance of heated and unheated extraction-free methods with the traditional extraction-based SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR. The unheated extraction-free showed a perfect agreement with the standard extraction-based RT-PCR. By contrast, the heat-treated technique was associated with an 8.2% false negativity rate. The unheated extraction-free RT-PCR for the SARS-CoV-2 molecular diagnostics is a valuable alternative to the traditional extraction-based methods and may accelerate turnaround times by about two hours.

1504: Molecular Diagnosis and Staging of Prostate Cancer Using Clusterin in Real Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR)

2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4S) ◽  
pp. 485-486
Author(s):  
Sabarinath B. Nair ◽  
Christodoulos Pipinikas ◽  
Roger Kirby ◽  
Nick Carter ◽  
Christiane Fenske
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Molecular Diagnosis ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Polymerase chain reaction amplification and typing of rotavirus in environmental samples

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 371-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gajardo ◽  
R. M. Pintó ◽  
A. Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Group A ◽  
Reaction Amplification ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Polymerase Chain

A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay is described that has been developed for the detection and serotyping of group A rotavirus in stool specimens and concentrated and non-concentrated sewage specimens.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document