scholarly journals Bone Morphogenetic Protein in Scaphoid Nonunion: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. Polmear ◽  
Ashley B. Anderson ◽  
Paul J. Lanier ◽  
Justin D. Orr ◽  
Leon J. Nesti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Scaphoid Nonunion ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Carpal Collapse ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Combination Of Methods

Abstract Background Scaphoid nonunion can lead to carpal collapse and osteoarthritis, a painfully debilitating problem. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) has been successfully implemented to augment bone healing in other circumstances, but its use in scaphoid nonunion has yielded conflicting results. Case Description The purpose of this study is to assess the outcomes and complications of scaphoid nonunion treated surgically with BMP. Literature Review A literature review of all available journal articles citing the use of BMP in scaphoid nonunion surgery from 2002 to 2019 was conducted. We included studies that used BMP as an adjunct to surgical treatment for scaphoid nonunions in both the primary and revision settings with computed tomography determination of union. Demographic information, dose of BMP, tobacco use, outcomes, and complications were recorded. A total of 21 cases were included from four different studies meeting inclusion criteria. Clinical Relevance The union rates were 90.5% overall, 100% for primary surgeries, and 77.8% for revision surgeries. Five patients (24%) experienced 11 complications, including four cases (19%) of heterotrophic ossification. Use of BMP in scaphoid nonunion surgery resulted in a 90.5% overall union rate but was also associated with complications such as heterotopic ossification. All included studies used BMP to augment bone graft, screw or wire fixation, or a combination of methods. The efficacy of BMP in scaphoid nonunion is unclear, and a sufficiently powered, randomized controlled trial is needed to determine optimal fixation methods, dosing, and morbidity of the use of BMP. Level of Evidence This is a Level IC, therapeutic interventional study.

scholarly journals A Systematic Literature Review of Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurostimulation for the Treatment of Pain

Pain Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1581-1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy R Deer ◽  
Corey W Hunter ◽  
Pankaj Mehta ◽  
Dawood Sayed ◽  
Jay S Grider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Bias Assessment ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Objective To conduct a systematic literature review of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) stimulation for pain. Design Grade the evidence for DRG stimulation. Methods An international, interdisciplinary work group conducted a literature search for DRG stimulation. Abstracts were reviewed to select studies for grading. General inclusion criteria were prospective trials (randomized controlled trials and observational studies) that were not part of a larger or previously reported group. Excluded studies were retrospective, too small, or existed only as abstracts. Studies were graded using the modified Interventional Pain Management Techniques–Quality Appraisal of Reliability and Risk of Bias Assessment, the Cochrane Collaborations Risk of Bias assessment, and the US Preventative Services Task Force level-of-evidence criteria. Results DRG stimulation has Level II evidence (moderate) based upon one high-quality pivotal randomized controlled trial and two lower-quality studies. Conclusions Moderate-level evidence supports DRG stimulation for treating chronic focal neuropathic pain and complex regional pain syndrome.

scholarly journals Novel bone repairing scaffold consisting of bone morphogenetic Protein-2 and human Beta Defensin-3

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei He ◽  
Daixu Wei ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Xiaonan Huang ◽  
Da He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Long Time

Abstract Background Synthetic biomaterials assist in modulating the vascular response in an injured bone by serving as delivery vehicles of pro-angiogenic molecules to the site of injury or by serving as mimetic platforms which offer support to cell growth and proliferation. Methods This study applied natural phospholipid modified protein technologies together with low temperature three-dimensional printing technology to develop a new model of three-dimensional artificial bone scaffold for potential use in repairing body injuries. The focus was to create a porous structure (PS) scaffold of two components, Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Human Beta Defensin-3 (BMP2 and hBD3), which can synchronously realize directional bone induction, angiogenesis and postoperative antibacterial effects. BMP2 induces osteogenesis, whereas hBD3 is antibacterial. Results Our data showed that in the BMP2-hBD3-PS or hBD3-PS scaffolds, BMP2 had a slow-release rate of about 40% in 30 days, ensuring that BMP2 could penetrate into stem cells for osteogenic differentiation for a long time. The scaffolds promoted cell growth when in combination with BMP2, thus showing its importance in promoting cell growth. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) staining showed that the ALP content of BMP2-hBD3-PS and BMP2-PS had a significant increase in samples that contained BMP2, thus showing that these scaffolds promoted osteogenic differentiation. In all the constructs that had hBD3, they displayed antibacterial properties with hBD3, having a slow release of about 35% in 30 days, thus ensuring they provided protection. Conclusion Based on this study, the 3D printed BMP2 scaffolds show a great potential for the development of biodegradable bone implants. Level of evidence Level II, experimental comparative design.

Healing of a Scaphoid Nonunion Using Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil F. Jones ◽  
Erin E. Brown ◽  
Amir Mostofi ◽  
Esther Vogelin ◽  
Marshall R. Urist
Keyword(s):  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Scaphoid Nonunion ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein

scholarly journals Current Management of Scaphoid Nonunion Based on the Biomechanical Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 094-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiro Oka ◽  
Hisao Moritomo
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
Distal Fragment ◽  
Scaphoid Nonunion ◽  
Degenerative Arthritis ◽  
Carpal Collapse ◽  
Interosseous Ligament ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dorsal Intercalated Segment Instability

AbstractScaphoid nonunion causes abnormal wrist kinematics and typically leads to carpal collapse and subsequent degenerative arthritis of the wrist. However, the natural history, including carpal collapse and degenerative arthritis of scaphoid nonunion, may vary at different fracture locations. This article reviews recent biomechanical studies related to the natural history of scaphoid nonunion. In the distal-type fractures (type B2 in Herbert classification), where the fracture located distal to the scaphoid apex, the proximal scaphoid fragment and lunate, which are connected through the dorsal scapholunate interosseous ligament (DSLIL) and dorsal intercarpal ligament (DIC), extend together, and the distal fragment of the scaphoid flexes individually. Therefore, untreated type B2 fractures normally show the humpback deformity, resulting in dorsal intercalated segment instability deformity relatively earlier after the injury. In the proximal-type fractures (type B1), where the fracture is located proximal to the scaphoid apex, the connection between the distal fragment and lunate is preserved through the DSLIL and DIC so that the scaphoid–lunate complex remains stable and the carpal collapse is less severe than that in distal-type fractures. The fracture location relative to the apex of the dorsal scaphoid ridge is a reliable landmark in the determination of the natural history of scaphoid nonunion.

scholarly journals Potentiation of Astrogliogenesis by STAT3-Mediated Activation of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-Smad Signaling in Neural Stem Cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (13) ◽  
pp. 4931-4937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinji Fukuda ◽  
Masahiko Abematsu ◽  
Hiroyuki Mori ◽  
Makoto Yanagisawa ◽  
Tetsushi Kagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Regulatory Loop ◽  
Bmp Antagonist

ABSTRACT Astrocytes play important roles in brain development and injury response. Transcription factors STAT3 and Smad1, activated by leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), respectively, form a complex with the coactivator p300 to synergistically induce astrocytes from neuroepithelial cells (NECs) (K. Nakashima, M. Yanagisawa, H. Arakawa, N. Kimura, T. Hisatsune, M. Kawabata, K. Miyazono, and T. Taga, Science 284:479-482, 1999). However, the mechanisms that govern astrogliogenesis during the determination of the fate of neural stem cells remain elusive. Here we found that LIF induces expression of BMP2 via STAT3 activation and leads to the consequent activation of Smad1 to efficiently promote astrogliogenic differentiation of NECs. The BMP antagonist Noggin abrogated LIF-induced Smad1 activation and astrogliogenesis by inhibiting BMPs produced by NECs. NECs deficient in suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), a negative regulator of STAT3, readily differentiated into astrocytes upon activation by LIF not only due to sustained activation of STAT3 but also because of the consequent activation of Smad1. Our study suggests a novel LIF-triggered positive regulatory loop that enhances astrogliogenesis.

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