scholarly journals The Outcomes of Radiosurgery for Arteriovenous Malformations—Experience of a Tertiary Cancer Center from India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay M. Hunugundmath ◽  
Sumit Basu ◽  
Bhooshan Zade ◽  
Vikram Maiya ◽  
Rahul Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Planning Target Volume ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Median Dose ◽  
Noninvasive Treatment ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Tertiary Cancer Center

Abstract Objectives This article assesses the treatment outcomes in the patients diagnosed with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. Materials and Methods We retrospectively analyzed 30 patients diagnosed with AVM treated between 2010 and 2018.The median age at presentation was 30 years (range: 14–60 years). The median planning target volume (PTV) was 6.8 mL (range: 0.9–54 mL). The median dose prescribed was 18 Gy (range: 16–24 Gy). Modified radiosurgery-based AVM grading score was calculated for all the patients. Results The median follow-up of the entire cohort was 60 months (range: 24–96 months). The obliteration rates for patients followed up for 3 and 5 years were 75 and 86.1%, respectively. Age (< 35 years; p = 0.007) and PTV (< 7 mL; p = 0.04), had better obliteration rates. Three patients had hemorrhage, from the AVM after irradiation. None of them were fatal. Conclusion Stereotactic radiosurgery is a preferred noninvasive treatment modality with acceptable morbidity.

scholarly journals Stereotactic radiosurgery at a low marginal dose for the treatment of pediatric arteriovenous malformations: obliteration, complications, and functional outcomes

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew B. Potts ◽  
Sunil A. Sheth ◽  
Jonathan Louie ◽  
Matthew D. Smyth ◽  
Penny K. Sneed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Time Of Presentation

Object Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is an established treatment modality for brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in children, but the optimal treatment parameters and associated treatment-related complications are not fully understood. The authors present their single-institution experience of using SRS, at a relatively low marginal dose, to treat AVMs in children for nearly 20 years; they report angiographic outcomes, posttreatment hemorrhage rates, adverse treatment-related events, and functional outcomes. Methods The authors conducted a retrospective review of 2 cohorts of children (18 years of age or younger) with AVMs treated from 1991 to 1998 and from 2000 to 2010. Results A total of 80 patients with follow-up data after SRS were identified. Mean age at SRS was 12.7 years, and 56% of patients had hemorrhage at the time of presentation. Median target volume was 3.1 cm3 (range 0.09–62.3 cm3), and median prescription marginal dose used was 17.5 Gy (range 12–20 Gy). Angiograms acquired 3 years after treatment were available for 47% of patients; AVM obliteration was achieved in 52% of patients who received a dose of 18–20 Gy and in 16% who received less than 18 Gy. At 5 years after SRS, the cumulative incidence of hemorrhage was 25% (95% CI 16%–37%). No permanent neurological deficits occurred in patients who did not experience posttreatment hemorrhage. Overall, good functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale Scores 0–2) were observed for 78% of patients; for 66% of patients, functional status improved or remained the same as before treatment. Conclusions A low marginal dose minimizes SRS-related neurological deficits but leads to low rates of obliteration and high rates of hemorrhage. To maximize AVM obliteration and minimize posttreatment hemorrhage, the authors recommend a prescription marginal dose of 18 Gy or more. In addition, SRS-related symptoms such as headache and seizures should be considered when discussing risks and benefits of SRS for treating AVMs in children.

scholarly journals How to improve obliteration rates during volume-staged stereotactic radiosurgery for large arteriovenous malformations

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 (6) ◽  
pp. 1809-1816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Kano ◽  
John C. Flickinger ◽  
Aya Nakamura ◽  
Rachel C. Jacobs ◽  
Daniel A. Tonetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Percentage Volume ◽  
Median Margin ◽  
Median Interval

OBJECTIVEThe management of large-volume arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) remains challenging. The authors retrospectively tested the hypothesis that AVM obliteration rates can be improved by increasing the percentage volume of an AVM that receives a minimal threshold dose of radiation.METHODSIn 1992, the authors prospectively began to stage anatomical components in order to deliver higher single doses to AVMs > 15 cm3 in volume. Since that time 60 patients with large AVMs have undergone volume-staged SRS (VS-SRS). The median interval between the first stage and the second stage was 4.5 months (2.8–13.8 months). The median target volume was 11.6 cm3 (range 4.3–26 cm3) in the first-stage SRS and 10.6 cm3 (range 2.8–33.7 cm3) in the second-stage SRS. The median margin dose was 16 Gy (range 13–18 Gy) for both SRS stages.RESULTSAVM obliteration after the initial two staged volumetric SRS treatments was confirmed by MRI alone in 4 patients and by angiography in 11 patients at a median follow-up of 82 months (range 0.4–206 months) after VS-SRS. The post–VS-SRS obliteration rates on angiography were 4% at 3 years, 13% at 4 years, 23% at 5 years, and 27% at 10 years. In multivariate analysis, only ≥ 20-Gy volume coverage was significantly associated with higher total obliteration rates confirmed by angiography. When the margin dose is ≥ 17 Gy and the 20-Gy SRS volume included ≥ 63% of the total target volume, the angiographically confirmed obliteration rates increased to 61% at 5 years and 70% at 10 years.CONCLUSIONSThe outcomes of prospective VS-SRS for large AVMs can be improved by prescribing an AVM margin dose of ≥ 17 Gy and adding additional isocenters so that ≥ 63% of the internal AVM dose receives more than 20 Gy.

Stereotactic radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations, Part 5: management of brainstem arteriovenous malformations

2012 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Kano ◽  
Douglas Kondziolka ◽  
John C. Flickinger ◽  
Huai-che Yang ◽  
Thomas J. Flannery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Latency Interval ◽  
Brain Avms

Object In this paper, the authors' goal was to define the long-term outcomes and risks of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the medulla, pons, and midbrain. Methods Between 1987 and 2006, the authors performed Gamma Knife surgery in 996 patients with brain AVMs; 67 patients had AVMs in the brainstem. In this series, 51 patients (76%) had a prior hemorrhage. The median target volume was 1.4 cm3 (range 0.1–13.4 cm3). The median margin dose was 20 Gy (range 14–25.6 Gy). Results Obliteration of the AVMs was eventually documented in 35 patients at a median follow-up of 73 months (range 6–269 months). The actuarial rates of documentation of total obliteration were 41%, 70%, 70%, and 76% at 3, 4, 5, and 10 years, respectively. Higher rates of AVM obliteration were associated only with a higher margin dose. Four patients (6%) suffered a hemorrhage during the latency period, and 2 patients died. The rate of AVM hemorrhage after SRS was 3.0%, 3.0%, and 5.8% at 1, 5, and 10 years, respectively. The overall annual hemorrhage rate was 1.9%. Permanent neurological deficits due to adverse radiation effects (AREs) developed in 7 patients (10%) after SRS, and a delayed cyst developed in 2 patients (3%). One patient died at an outside institution with symptoms of AREs and unrecognized hydrocephalus. Higher 12-Gy volumes and higher Spetzler-Martin grades were associated with a higher risk of symptomatic AREs. Ten of 22 patients who had ocular dysfunction before SRS had improvement, 9 were unchanged, and 3 were worse due to AREs. Eight of 14 patients who had hemiparesis before SRS improved, 5 were unchanged, and 1 was worse. Conclusions Although hemorrhage after obliteration did not occur in this series, patients remained at risk during the latency interval until obliteration occurred. Thirty-eight percent of the patients who had neurological deficits due to prior hemorrhage improved. Higher dose delivery in association with conformal and highly selective SRS is required for safe and effective radiosurgery.

Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Motor Cortex Region Arteriovenous Malformations

Neurosurgery ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantinos G. Hadjipanayis ◽  
Elad I. Levy ◽  
Ajay Niranjan ◽  
Andrew D. Firlik ◽  
Douglas Kondziolka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Complete Obliteration ◽  
Target Volumes ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract OBJECTIVE The optimal management of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in critical brain locations remains controversial. To reduce the risk of an AVM hemorrhage and to enhance the possibility of preserving neurological function, stereotactic radiosurgery was performed in 33 patients with newly diagnosed or residual AVMs located within the motor cortex. The role of embolization also was examined. METHODS During a 9-year study period, 33 patients with AVMs located primarily in the motor cortex region were treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. These patients were followed up radiographically for a minimum of 36 months, or less if obliteration was documented before 36 months had elapsed. Of the 33 patients, 9 underwent embolization and 1 underwent microsurgery before radiosurgery. Nine patients required a second radiosurgery. The mean AVM target volume was 4.35 cc, and the average radiation dose to the AVM margin was 20 Gy. The median follow-up was 36 months (range, 10–91 mo), and angiographic follow-up of eligible patients was performed 24 or 36 months after radiosurgery. RESULTS Results were stratified by radiosurgical target volumes: less than 3 cc (Group 1), 3 to 10 cc (Group 2), and greater than 10 cc (Group 3). Overall (including second radiosurgery), 13 (87%) of 15 patients in Group 1 had complete obliteration confirmed by angiography. Nine (64%) of 14 patients in Group 2 exhibited nidus obliteration, and one (25%) of four patients in Group 3 demonstrated obliteration on a magnetic resonance imaging scan. Eight patients (24%) underwent second-stage radiosurgery after angiography revealed a persistent AVM nidus; three patients demonstrated complete obliteration on follow-up angiography. The obliteration rate was higher (87%) for AVMs with less than 3 cc target volume and lower (56%) for those with target volumes larger than 3 cc. One patient experienced worsening neurological function after radiosurgery, and one died from delayed AVM hemorrhage during the latency period. No patient bled after angiographically confirmed AVM obliteration. CONCLUSION Stereotactic radiosurgery is a successful and safe management option for patients with motor cortex AVMs. The obliteration of AVMs and the attendant low morbidity rates indicate a primary role for radiosurgery in these patients. Staged radiosurgery may be necessary to increase obliteration rates for larger AVMs or for those that are not obliterated after the first procedure.

Stereotactic radiosurgery for sylvian fissure arteriovenous malformations with emphasis on hemorrhage risks and seizure outcomes

2014 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Bowden ◽  
Hideyuki Kano ◽  
Daniel Tonetti ◽  
Ajay Niranjan ◽  
John Flickinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Seizure Control ◽  
Cyst Formation ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Sylvian Fissure ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Latency Interval

Object Sylvian fissure arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) present substantial management challenges because of the critical adjacent blood vessels and functional brain. The authors investigated the outcomes, especially hemorrhage and seizure activity, after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) of AVMs within or adjacent to the sylvian fissure. Methods This retrospective single-institution analysis examined the authors' experiences with Gamma Knife surgery for AVMs of the sylvian fissure in cases treated from 1987 through 2009. During this time, 87 patients underwent SRS for AVMs in the region of the sylvian fissure. Before undergoing SRS, 40 (46%) of these patients had experienced hemorrhage and 36 (41%) had had seizures. The median target volume of the AVM was 3.85 cm3 (range 0.1–17.7 cm3), and the median marginal dose of radiation was 20 Gy (range 13–25 Gy). Results Over a median follow-up period of 64 months (range 3–275 months), AVM obliteration was confirmed by MRI or angiography for 43 patients. The actuarial rates of confirmation of total obliteration were 35% at 3 years, 60% at 4 and 5 years, and 76% at 10 years. Of the 36 patients who had experienced seizures before SRS, 19 (53%) achieved outcomes of Engel class I after treatment. The rate of seizure improvement was 29% at 3 years, 36% at 5 years, 50% at 10 years, and 60% at 15 years. No seizures developed after SRS in patients who had been seizure free before treatment. The actuarial rate of AVM hemorrhage after SRS was 5% at 1, 5, and 10 years. This rate equated to an annual hemorrhage rate during the latency interval of 1%; no hemorrhages occurred after confirmed obliteration. No permanent neurological deficits developed as an adverse effect of radiation; however, delayed cyst formation occurred in 3 patients. Conclusions Stereotactic radiosurgery was an effective treatment for AVMs within the region of the sylvian fissure, particularly for smaller-volume AVMs. After SRS, a low rate of hemorrhage and improved seizure control were also evident.

scholarly journals Hemorrhage during pregnancy in the latency interval after stereotactic radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations

2014 ◽  
Vol 121 (Suppl_2) ◽  
pp. 226-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Tonetti ◽  
Hideyuki Kano ◽  
Gregory Bowden ◽  
John C. Flickinger ◽  
L. Dade Lunsford
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Bleeding Events ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Latency Interval

ObjectThe presentation for patients with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is often intracranial hemorrhage; for women, this frequently occurs during the prime childbearing years. Although previous studies have addressed the risk for AVM hemorrhage during pregnancy, such studies have not assessed the risk for hemorrhage among women who become pregnant during the latency interval between stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and documented obliteration of the lesion. The authors sought to evaluate the risk for hemorrhage in patients who become pregnant during the latency interval after SRS.MethodsThis single-institution retrospective analysis reviewed the authors' experience with Gamma Knife SRS during 1987–2012. During this time, 253 women of childbearing age (median age 30 years, range 15–40 years) underwent SRS for intracranial AVM. The median target volume was 3.9 cm3 (range 0.1–27.1 cm3), and the median marginal dose was 20 Gy (range 14–38 Gy). For all patients, the date of AVM obliteration was recorded and the latency interval was calculated. Information about subsequent pregnancies and/or bleeding events during the latency interval was retrieved from the medical records and supplemented by telephone contact.ResultsAVM obliteration was confirmed by MRI or angiography at a median follow-up time of 39.3 months (range 10–174 months). There were 828.7 patient-years of follow-up within the latency interval between SRS and the date of confirmed AVM obliteration. Among nonpregnant women, 20 hemorrhages occurred before AVM obliteration, yielding an annual hemorrhage rate of 2.5% for nonpregnant women during the latency interval. Among women who became pregnant during the latency interval, 2 hemorrhages occurred over the course of 18 pregnancies, yielding an annual hemorrhage rate of 11.1% for women who become pregnant during the latency interval. For the 2 pregnant patients who experienced hemorrhage, the bleeding occurred during the first trimester of pregnancy.ConclusionsThe authors present the first series of data for women with intracranial AVMs who became pregnant during the latency interval after SRS. Hemorrhage during the latency interval occurred at an annual rate of 2.5% for nonpregnant women and 11.1% for pregnant women. The data suggest that pregnancy might be a risk factor for AVM hemorrhage during the interval between SRS and AVM obliteration. However, this suggestion is not statistically significant because only 18 patients in the study population became pregnant during the latency interval. To mitigate any increased risk for hemorrhage, patients should consider deferring pregnancy until treatment conclusion and AVM obliteration.

124 Repeat Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Incompletely Obliterated Arteriovenous Malformations: An International Multicenter Study

Neurosurgery ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (CN_suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 227-228
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Kano ◽  
Nathaniel Sisterson ◽  
Dale Ding ◽  
Jason P Sheehan ◽  
Roberto Martinez-Alvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Volume Reduction ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Initial Procedure ◽  
International Multicenter Study ◽  
Second Procedure ◽  
Risk Of Hemorrhage

Abstract INTRODUCTION To evaluate the outcomes and risks of repeat stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for incompletely obliterated cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM). METHODS Six participating centers of the International Gamma Knife Research Foundation (IGKRF) identified 335 patients who had incompletely obliterated AVMs at a median follow-up of 45.6 months after initial SRS (range, 15–283 months). The median AVM target volume at initial SRS was 4.3 cc but was reduced to 1.4cc at the time of the second procedure. The median margin dose at both initial SRS and repeat SRS was 20 Gy. The median follow-up after repeat SRS was 64 months (range, 6–218 months). RESULTS >The actuarial rate of total obliteration by angiography or MRI after repeat SRS was 31%, 50%, 61%, and 80% at 3, 4, 5, and 10 years, respectively. Factors associated with a higher rate of AVM obliteration were smaller residual AVM target volume, and >50% of volume reduction after the initial procedure. The cumulative actuarial rates of new AVM hemorrhage after repeat SRS were 1.8%, 4.5%, 6.6%, 8.9% and 14.9% at 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10 years. Factors associated with a higher risk of hemorrhage after repeat SRS were a larger number of a prior hemorrhages, larger AVM target volume, and initial AVM volume reduction <50%. Symptomatic adverse radiation effect (ARE) developed in 29 patients (8.6%) after initial SRS and 27 patients (8.1%) after repeat SRS. CONCLUSION Repeat SRS for incompletely obliterated AVMs increases the eventual obliteration rate but patients remain at risk of hemorrhage until obliteration occurs. The best results for incompletely obliterated AVMs were seen in patients with a smaller residual AVM volume and no prior hemorrhages.

Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy For the Treatment of Large Arteriovenous Malformations with or without Previous Partial Embolization

Neurosurgery ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erol Veznedaroglu ◽  
David W. Andrews ◽  
Ronald P. Benitez ◽  
M. Beverly Downes ◽  
Maria Werner-Wasik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Stereotactic Radiotherapy ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

Abstract OBJECTIVE: Despite the success of stereotactic radiosurgery, large inoperable arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of 14 cm3 or more have remained largely refractory to stereotactic radiosurgery, with much lower obliteration rates. We review treatment of large AVMs either previously untreated or partially obliterated by embolization with fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSR) regimens using a dedicated linear accelerator (LINAC). METHODS: Before treatment, all patients were discussed at a multidisciplinary radiosurgery board and found to be suitable for FSR. All patients were evaluated for pre-embolization. Those who had feeding pedicles amenable to glue embolization were treated. LINAC technique involved acquisition of a stereotactic angiogram in a relocatable frame that was also used for head localization during treatment. The FSR technique involved the use of six 7-Gy fractions delivered on alternate days over a 2-week period, and this was subsequently dropped to 5-Gy fractions after late complications in one of seven patients treated with 7-Gy fractions. Treatments were based exclusively on digitized biplanar stereotactic angiographic data. We used a Varian 600SR LINAC (Varian Medical Systems, Inc., Palo Alto, CA) and XKnife treatment planning software (Radionics, Inc., Burlington, MA). In most cases, one isocenter was used, and conformality was established by non-coplanar arc beam shaping and differential beam weighting. RESULTS: Thirty patients with large AVMs were treated between January 1995 and August 1998. Seven patients were treated with 42-Gy/7-Gy fractions, with one patient lost to follow-up and the remaining six with previous partial embolization. Twenty-three patients were treated with 30-Gy/5-Gy fractions, with two patients lost to follow-up and three who died as a result of unrelated causes. Of 18 evaluable patients, 8 had previous partial embolization. Mean AVM volumes at FSR treatment were 23.8 and 14.5 cm3, respectively, for the 42-Gy/7-Gy fraction and 30-Gy/5-Gy fraction groups. After embolization, 18 patients still had AVM niduses of 14 cm3 or more: 6 in the 7-Gy cohort and 12 in the 5-Gy cohort. For patients with at least 5-year follow-up, angiographically documented AVM obliteration rates were 83% for the 42-Gy/7-Gy fraction group, with a mean latency of 108 weeks (5 of 6 evaluable patients), and 22% for the 30-Gy/5-Gy fraction group, with an average latency of 191 weeks (4 of 18 evaluable patients) (P = 0.018). For AVMs that remained at 14 cm3 or more after embolization (5 of 6 patients), the obliteration rate remained 80% (4 of 5 patients) for the 7-Gy cohort and dropped to 9% for the 5-Gy cohort. A cumulative hazard plot revealed a 7.2-fold greater likelihood of obliteration with the 42-Gy/7-Gy fraction protocol (P = 0.0001), which increased to a 17-fold greater likelihood for postembolization AVMs of 14 cm3 or more (P = 0.003). CONCLUSION: FSR achieves obliteration for AVMs at a threshold dose, including large residual niduses after embolization. With significant treatment-related morbidities, further investigation warrants a need for better three-dimensional target definition with higher dose conformality.

STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY FOR CAVERNOUS SINUS OR ORBITAL HEMANGIOMAS

Neurosurgery ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 914-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aftab A. Khan ◽  
Ajay Niranjan ◽  
Hideyuki Kano ◽  
Douglas Kondziolka ◽  
John C. Flickinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Cavernous Sinus ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Symptomatic Improvement ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Vascular Tumors ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Primary Treatment Modality

Abstract OBJECTIVE Hemangiomas are rare but highly vascular tumors that may develop in the cavernous sinus or orbit. These tumors pose diagnostic as well as therapeutic challenges to neurosurgeons during attempted removal. We analyzed our increasing experience using stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). METHODS Eight symptomatic patients with hemangiomas underwent SRS between 1988 and 2007. The presenting symptoms included headache, orbital pain, diplopia, ptosis, proptosis and impaired visual acuity. The hemangiomas were located in either the cavernous sinus (7 patients) or the orbit (1 patient). Four patients underwent SRS as primary treatment modality based on clinical and imaging criteria. Four patients had previous microsurgical partial excision or biopsy. The median target volume was 6.8 mL (range, 2.5–18 mL). The median prescription dose delivered to the margin was 14.5 Gy (range, 12.5–19 Gy). The dose to the optic nerve in all patients was less than 9 Gy (range, 4.5–9 Gy). RESULTS The median follow-up period after SRS was 80 months (range, 40–127 months). Six patients had symptomatic improvement; 2 patients reported persistent diplopia. Follow-up imaging revealed tumor regression in 7 patients and no change in tumor volume in 1 patient. All the patients improved after SRS. CONCLUSION Our extended experience confirms that SRS is an effective management strategy for symptomatic intracavernous and intraorbital hemangiomas. Our study is the first long-term report on the safety and efficacy of SRS.

Stereotactic radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations: 1-year follow-up

1995 ◽  
pp. 527-528
Author(s):  
K. Suzuki ◽  
T. Hirai ◽  
A. Makino ◽  
A. Moriki ◽  
M. Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations
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