Relationship between myometrial thickness and latency interval of pregnancy after preterm premature rupture of membranes

Background: Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) increases the risk of prematurity and leads to a number of other perinatal and neonatal complications. Prolonged latency interval increases probability of complications in mothers with PPROM. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the myometrial thickness and the length of latency interval after PPROM.Methods: This study included 62 pregnant women admitted due to spontaneous PPROM from 26 to 37 weeks gestational age. All selected cases were subjected to full medical history, full clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and ultrasound evaluation with measurement of myometrium thickness at lower uterine segment and uterine fundus, measurement of amniotic fluid index.Results: A total 32 (51.7%) of our patients had latency interval <1 week while the rest of patients had latency interval ≥1 week with mean latency interval value was 5.45±2.4 days. Sonographic evaluation of the myometrial thickness showed that the mean thickness at lower uterine segment was 6.6±1.26 mm and at fundus was 6.1±1.28 mm. we found that at cut off point ≥6.9 mm lower uterine segment myometrial thickness had 87.5% sensitivity and 93.3% specificity in prediction of latency interval≥1 week, while at cut off point≥6.4 mm uterine fundus myometrial thickness had 81.3% sensitivity and 63.3% specificity in prediction of latency interval more than 1 week.Conclusions: Sonographic evaluation of myometrial thickness appears to be helpful in prediction of latency interval in PPROM.

Analysis of the factors affecting the duration of the latent period from the moment of prelabor rupture of membranes to the onset of labor

Introduction. Premature rupture of membranes during full-term pregnancy represents an increased risk of septic complications for both the mother and the fetus due to the prolongation of the latency period, the period from the discharge of amniotic fluid till the onset of labor. Purpose of the study: to assess the factors affecting the duration of the latent period (from the moment of discharge of amniotic fluid to the development of labor) during full-term pregnancy. Materials and methods. A prospective analysis of the labor of 136 patients with premature rupture of membranes and full-term pregnancy (37-42 weeks) of low and moderate risk groups, without contraindications for vaginal birth was carried out. Patients with Bishops cervical score less than or equal to 7 points made up the main group (70 pregnant women). Patients with mature cervix were included in the comparison group (66 cases). The analysis of the duration of the latent period was carried out with the use of correlation and regression analysis. Results. The time from the moment of discharge of amniotic fluid to the onset of regular labor in the group with a cervix 7 Bishop points was 7.82 4.53 hours, while in the group with a cervix 8 Bishop points it was 4.4 3.23 hours (T = 5.02; p 0.001). The most significant effect on the duration of the latency period was the assessment of the cervix according to Bishop scale (r = 0.48; p 0.001), the gestational age was in the second place (r = 0.23; p = 0.08). In patients who didnt take mifepristone, the main factors influencing the duration of the latency interval were fetal weight (r = 0.31; p = 0.004) and gestational age (r = 0.29; p = 0.008); the increase in these parameters led to the decrease in the latency interval. Women who received 200 mg mifepristone in labour had a significant positive correlation with maternal age (r = 0.36; p = 0.04), negative with maternal weight (r = 0.42; p = 0.01) and cervical Bishop score (r = 0.48; p = 0.004). Women in labor with the longest latency interval, who received mifepristone in a daily dosage of 400 mg, have an inverse correlation for the gestational age (r = 0.39; p = 0.09), connection with the degree of cervical maturity, age, constitutional features, gestational age was not revealed. Conclusion. The main predictors of the duration of the latency period of premature rupture of membranes at full-term pregnancy were the degree of cervical maturity according to Bishop scale, gestational age and fetal weight at birth.

Cloud based IoT Applications for Industrial and Home Automation

IoT for Industrial and Home Automation is emerging with a big bang, has huge potential for every field to be used. When there is a need for efficient means to seek IoT interface, a cloud server is what strikes in every design and applications. There are numerous aspects in building a real-time IoT interface, but IoT through cloud can be a source of multiple gains in contrast to its peers such as edge computing [1]. Industrial and Home Automation involve an excellent delivery protocol for an error-free effective transmission in the internet. MQTT protocol is a better option to facilitate the requirements of IoT through its smooth implementation, Quality of Service and data delivery. In today’s world, IoT cloud providers compete to provide reasonable and precise IoT based utilities. Despite extensive engagement of these IoT clouds, we have not initiated standard regularization or few comparative analytical investigations across the research databases. An IoT application calls for diverse resources of a particular cloud and hence it calls for a survey on IoT cloud concerning Latency, interval for subsequent update, user-friendliness, IFTTT compatibility, data handling, processing data, storage limits, servers used and security. An analyses of five of the most eminent clouds (Adafruit IO, Amazon Web Service (AWS), Blynk, Thingspeak and Ubidots) based on the above-described specifications are the factors of motivation for this paper and hence matches the best cloud suited to serve specific purpose and applications.

A unique case of a 70-hour decompression sickness latency

We report a unique and well-documented case of a type II decompression sickness (DCS) with a latency interval of 70 hours. It may raise divers’ awareness and help medical practitioners to keep suspect divers under close observation longer than before and identify and treat DCS accordingly.

Endocrine Late Effects in Childhood Cancer Survivors

Endocrine complications are highly prevalent in childhood cancer survivors. Approximately 50% of survivors will experience at least one hormonal disorder over the course of their lives. Endocrine complications often are observed in survivors previously treated with radiation to the head, neck, or pelvis. We provide an overview the most common endocrine late effects seen in survivors, including hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, primary thyroid dysfunction, obesity, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and decreased bone mineral density. Primary gonadal injury is discussed elsewhere in this series. Given a variable latency interval, a systematic approach where individuals are periodically screened on the basis of their risk factors can help to improve health outcomes by prompt diagnosis and treatment of evolving endocrinopathies. These recommendations must be revised in the future given changes and improvements in cancer treatment over time.

LNDIR: A lightweight non-increasing delivery-latency interval-based routing for duty-cycled sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks are composed of low-energy, small-size, and low-range unattended sensor nodes. Recently, it has been observed that by periodically turning on and off the sensing and communication capabilities of sensor nodes, we can significantly reduce the active time and thus prolong network lifetime. However, this duty cycling may result in high network latency, routing overhead, and neighbor discovery delays due to asynchronous sleep and wake-up scheduling. These limitations call for a countermeasure for duty-cycled wireless sensor networks which should minimize routing information, routing traffic load, and energy consumption. In this article, we propose a lightweight non-increasing delivery-latency interval routing referred as LNDIR. This scheme can discover minimum latency routes at each non-increasing delivery-latency interval instead of each time slot. Simulation experiments demonstrated the validity of this novel approach in minimizing routing information stored at each sensor. Furthermore, this novel routing can also guarantee the minimum delivery latency from each source to the sink. Performance improvements of up to 12-fold and 11-fold are observed in terms of routing traffic load reduction and energy efficiency, respectively, as compared to existing schemes.