Evaluation of Postinfection Hearing with Audiological Tests in Patients with COVID-19: A Case–Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (07) ◽  
pp. 464-468
Author(s):  
Mehtap Koparal ◽  
Cuneyt Yılmazer
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pure Tone Average ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Hearing Problems

Abstract Background Some viral infections can cause congenital or acquired unilateral or bilateral hearing loss. It is predicted that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus, which can affect many systems in the body, may also have a negative effect on hearing. Purpose This study evaluated the effects of COVID-19 infection on pure-tone average. Research Design A case–control study. Materials and Methods A total of 104 volunteers (48 control, 56 experimental group) who applied to the ENT clinic of Adıyaman University Training and Research Hospital were included in this study. After the detailed clinical examination and medical history, 13 volunteers of the experimental group and 5 volunteers from the control group were excluded from the study. In this way, each group consisted of 43 volunteers. While the experimental group consisted of patients who did not have any hearing problems before but had COVID-19. The control group consisted of healthy volunteers who did not have any hearing problems and were not infected with COVİD-19. Audiological test was applied to all volunteers to determine their pure-tone average. On the data obtained, it was analyzed whether COVID-19 affects the pure-tone average and how it changes according to variables such as age and gender. Results The evaluation of the 43 (50.0%) COVID-19-positive patients and 43 (50.0%) healthy controls showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) at 250 and 500 Hz, whereas at 4000, 6000, and 8000 Hz, the two groups differed significantly. In addition, significant differences were found in the left and right ears at 1000 and 2000 Hz (p < 0.05). The differences between the two groups in the pure-tone average of the left and right ear were statistically significant (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant sex-based differences in the pure-tone average between males and females (p > 0.05) Conclusion The pure-tone average of COVID-19 positive patients was significantly worse than those of the healthy control group. Thus, COVID-19 should also be considered in patients presenting with unexplained hearing loss. Further studies should investigate the effects of COVID-19 on hearing and the underlying pathophysiology.

scholarly journals Associations of Genetic Variation in Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Gene with Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in a Chinese Population: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Wan ◽  
Boshen Wang ◽  
Juan Zhang ◽  
Baoli Zhu ◽  
Yuepu Pu
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Noise Induced Hearing Loss ◽  
Control Study

Objective: The purpose of this paper was to clarify the association between genetic variation in the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene and the risk of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Methods: A case-control study (633 cases and 625 controls) was conducted in this study. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationships between environmental and individual factors and NIHL. Gene expression levels were compared among each GAPDH rs6489721 genotype and between the case and control groups based on real-time fluorescence quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results: The T allele of GADPH rs6489721 was significantly associated with NIHL (odds ratio (OR) = 1.262, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.066, 1.493), p = 0.006) and showed strong associations in the codominant and dominant models (TT vs. CC: OR = 1.586, 95% CI (1.131, 2.225), p = 0.008; TT vs. TC/CC: OR = 1.391, 95% CI (1.073, 1.804), p = 0.013). The expression level of the TT genotype was significantly higher than that of the CC genotype (p = 0.012), and the expression of the case group was also higher than that of the control group (p = 0.013). Conclusions: The homozygous risk allele (TT) of rs6489721 was associated with an enhanced GAPDH expression, resulting in the development of NIHL in a Chinese population.

scholarly journals Intima-Media Thickness Measurements of the Common Carotid Artery in Patients with Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kobra Nasrollahi ◽  
Amirhossein Farahi ◽  
Fatemeh Paknazar ◽  
Mohamadreza Akhlaghi ◽  
Farhad Fazel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Control Study

Purpose. To evaluate the intima-media thickness (IMT) of the left and right common carotid arteries (CCA) as an indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). Methods. This was a case-control study involving patients with CSCR and a matched healthy control group. The mean and difference of the left and right CCA IMT were determined and compared between the two groups using carotid duplex high-resolution B-mode ultrasound equipment. Results. The study enrolled 32 CSCR patients (68.8% female, mean age 38.22 ± 5.42 years) and 32 controls (65.6% female, mean age 39.56 ± 5.33 years). The difference in common carotid IMT between the right and left sides was significantly greater in the CSCR group than in the control group ( p < 0.001 ). Additionally, according to logistic regression analysis, patients with CSCR had a greater chance of having differences in IMT between the two sides when compared to the control group (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.09–1.52). Conclusion. Our findings indicated that in the CSCR group, the difference between the right and left sides of CCA IMT was significantly greater than in the control group.

scholarly journals Measurement of Postpartum Blood Loss Using a New Two - Set Liquid Collection Bag for Vaginal Delivery: A Prospective, Randomized, Case Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
Nanjia Lu ◽  
Xiaofeng Weng ◽  
Yanping Tian ◽  
Shiwen Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Visual Estimation ◽  
Postpartum Blood Loss ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a major obstetric complication, and the real-time measurement of blood loss is important in the management and treatment of PPH. We designed a new two-set liquid collection bag (TSLCB) for measuring postpartum blood loss in vaginal delivery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the TSLCB in separating the blood from the amniotic fluid during vaginal delivery and in determining the accuracy of the measured postpartum blood loss.Methods A prospective, randomized, case control study was conducted in the Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, from March 2018 to April 2018. Sixty single pregnant women with spontaneous labor at 37–41 weeks without maternal complications were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups. The TSLCB was used to evaluate separately the amount of blood and amniotic fluid. For the control group, visual estimation and traditional plastic blood-collecting consumables were used to estimate the amount of postpartum blood loss. The measured blood loss between the two groups was compared, and the association of the measured blood loss with various clinical lab indices and vital signs was investigated. Results The TSLCB (the experimental group) improved the detection of the measured blood loss compared with visual estimation and the traditional method (the control group) (p < 0.05). In the experimental group, correlation analysis showed that the measured blood loss at delivery and within 24 h of delivery was significantly associated with the decreased hemoglobin level, red blood cell count, and hematocrit level of patients (r = -0.574, -0.455, -0.437; r = 0.-595, -0.368, -0.374; p < 0.05). In the control group, only the measured blood loss within 24 h of delivery was associated with the decreased hemoglobin level (r = -0.395, p < 0.05). No blood transfusion and plasma expanders were required in the treatment of PPH for both groups.Conclusions The TSLCB can be used to accurately measure the postpartum blood loss in vaginal delivery by medical personnel.Trial registration: This trial was registered with Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR): ChiCTR-IOR-17012453, 23 August 2017.

Evoked response audiometry in scrub typhus: prospective, randomised, case–control study

2011 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
J S Thakur ◽  
N K Mohindroo ◽  
D R Sharma ◽  
K Soni ◽  
S S Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Scrub Typhus ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Evoked Response ◽  
Evoked Response Audiometry ◽  
Control Study

AbstractObjective:To investigate the hypothesis of cochlear and retrocochlear damage in scrub typhus, using evoked response audiometry.Study design:Prospective, randomised, case–control study.Methods:The study included 25 patients with scrub typhus and 25 controls with other febrile illnesses not known to cause hearing loss. Controls were age- and sex-matched. All subjects underwent pure tone audiometry and evoked response audiometry before commencing treatment.Results:Six patients presented with hearing loss, although a total of 23 patients had evidence of symmetrical high frequency loss on pure tone audiometry. Evoked response audiometry found significant prolongation of absolute latencies of wave I, III, V, and wave I–III interpeak latency. Two cases with normal hearing had increased interpeak latencies. These findings constitute level 3b evidence.Conclusion:Findings were suggestive of retrocochlear pathology in two cases with normal hearing. In other patients, high frequency hearing loss may have led to altered evoked response results. Although scrub typhus appears to cause middle ear cochlear and retrocochlear damage, the presence of such damage could not be fully confirmed by evoked response audiometry.

Short- to Mid-Term Outcomes Following the Use of an Arthroereisis Implant as an Adjunct for Correction of Flexible, Acquired Flatfoot Deformity in Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kempland C. Walley ◽  
Gearin Greene ◽  
Jesse Hallam ◽  
Paul J. Juliano ◽  
Michael C. Aynardi
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Posterior Tibial Tendon ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Subtalar Arthroereisis ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Control Study

Background. The use of an arthroereisis implant for the treatment of adolescent flatfoot deformity has been described. However, data that address the outcomes of patients treated with an arthroereisis implant in adults are limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the radiographic and clinical outcomes and complications following the use of a subtalar arthroereisis implant as an adjunct for correction acquired flatfoot deformity secondary to posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Methods. A retrospective case-control study was performed querying all patients undergoing surgical flatfoot correction between January 1, 2010 and January 1, 2015. The experimental group included patients undergoing arthroereisis augmentation at the time of flatfoot correction. Patients undergoing the same flatfoot correction without the use of an arthroereisis implant were used as controls. Radiographic measurements were evaluated preoperatively and at final radiographic follow-up and included talonavicular (TN) coverage angle, and lateral talar–first metatarsal angle (T1MA). Patient-reported outcomes were assessed using preoperative visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores and postoperative Short Form–36, VAS, and satisfaction at final orthopedic follow-up. Results. A total of 15 patients underwent flatfoot correction and were augmented with an arthroereisis implant and were matched with 30 controls. Postoperative, mid-term T1MA and regional analysis was found to be improved in the experimental group versus control. Patients undergoing adjunct subtalar arthroereisis demonstrated an increased likelihood of achieving radiographically normal talonavicular coverage <7° compared with our control group at follow-up. Conclusions. The adjunct use of an arthroereisis implant resulted in improved and maintained radiographic and clinical measurements in patients undergoing stage II flatfoot. Clinical Significance. These results suggest utility of a subtalar arthroereisis implant as an adjunct to flatfoot correction with little additional risk of harm to the patient. Levels of Evidence: Level III: Case-control study

scholarly journals Overexpression of IL-8 in patients with abdominal tumor after radiotherapy leads to ureteral obstructive renal dysfunction: a case-control study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Bai ◽  
Li Luo ◽  
Weicheng Gao ◽  
Chenfeng Bu ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Abdominal Tumors ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Purpose: To analyze the expression of interleukin-8 in patients with post-renal insufficiency after radiotherapy of abdominal tumors.Methods: 60 patients (experimental group) with post-renal insufficiency and 30 patients (control group) without renal insufficiency after the radiotherapy for abdominal tumors were collected for case-control study. Serum interleukin-8 levels were measured before and after the cystoscopy from September 2017 to March 2019, and the relationship between interleukin-8 levels and serum creatinine, and urea nitrogen, and hydronephrosis was analyzed.Results: The level of serum interleukin-8 levels were significantly increased in patients with post-renal insufficiency after radiotherapy for abdominal tumors(P<0.05).After treatment, the level of interleukin-8 in the experimental group was significantly lower than that before the treatment (P<0.05). The expression of interleukin-8 was positively correlated with serum creatinine (r=0.297, P=0.004), but not with urea nitrogen level and hydronephrosis (r1=-0.055, P1=0.605; r2=0.116, P2=0.277). Cox proportional risk regression model showed that interleukin-8 was a high risk factor for the occurrence of post-renal insufficiency (R2=0.826, P<0.05).Conclusion: Interleukin-8 is helpful to judge the renal function of patients with abdominal tumors after radiotherapy, In the early stage of renal insufficiency, it will overexpresses, and its evaluation is better than urea nitrogen.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN DAMPAK PENGGUNAAN HEADSET TERHADAP FUNGSI PENDENGARAN PADA PENYIAR RADIO DAN YANG BUKAN PENYIAR RADIO DI KOTA MANADO

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily Wongso ◽  
Vennetia R. Danes ◽  
Wenny Supit
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory Nerve ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Sound Level Meter ◽  
Level Meter ◽  
Control Study

Abstract: Excessive use of headsets for a long period of time may cause hearing loss. While using a headset, the ears receive sound waves which are converted into electrical pulses transmitted to the auditory cortex via the auditory nerve. Exposures to noises can damage the cochlea hair cells that worsen the degenerative process of the auditory nerve. Radio announcing is one of the professions with a frequent use of a headset. This study aimed to find  the difference of the auditory functions between people who used headsets frequently and those who did not use headsets. This was a case-control study consisting of a group of people frequently using headsets (radio announcers, the case group) and a group without using headsets (non-radio announcers, the control group). Each group consisted of 20 respondents aged 20-40 years. Hearing functions were measured by using an audiometer while the noise levels generated by the headsets were measured with a sound level meter. The results showed that by using the Fisher exact test, there was a highly significant relationship between the usage of headsets and the hearing loss of the respondents’ left ears  (P = 0.001 <0.01) and right ears (P = 0.010 <0.05). Conclusion: There was a difference of hearing in both ears between the radio announcers and non-radio announcers. Keywords: noise exposure, headset, hearing function, radio announcer.     Abstrak: Pemakaian headset berlebih dalam kurun waktu yang lama dapat menimbulkan gangguan pendengaran. Pada penggunaan headset, telinga menerima gelombang suara yang kemudian diubah menjadi pulsa listrik yang diteruskan ke korteks pendengaran melalui saraf pendengaran. Pada telinga yang terpapar bising untuk waktu lama dapat terjadi kerusakan sel-sel rambut di koklea saraf pendengaran yang memperburuk proses degenerasi saraf pendengaran. Penyiar radio merupakan salah satu profesi dengan tingkat pengunaan headset yang cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan perbedaan fungsi pendengaran antara pengguna headset dan yang tidak menggunakan headset. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus-kontrol (case-control study) dengan melakukan perbandingan antara kelompok yang memakai headset (penyiar radio, kelompok kasus) dan kelompok lainnya yang tidak memakai headset (bukan penyiar radio, kelompok kontrol). Masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 20 responden berusia 20-40 tahun. Fungsi pendengaran diukur dengan audiometer sedangkan tingkat kebisingan yang ditimbulkan oleh headset di ukur dengan sound level meter. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji Fisher exact menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang sangat bermakna antara penggunaan headset dan gangguan pendengaran pada telinga kiri (P = 0,001 <0,01) dan telinga kanan (P = 0,010 <0,05). Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan fungsi pendengaran kedua telinga antara penyiar radio dan yag bukan penyiar radio. Kata kunci: paparan bising, headset, fungsi pendengaran, penyiar radio.

scholarly journals Vitiligo associated hypoacusis: a case control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Abhishek Maheshwari ◽  
Rajlaxmi Panigrahi ◽  
Shruti Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Control Study

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Vitiligo is a progressive depigmenting cutaneous disorder, resulting from the loss of melanocytes. In the inner ear, melanocytes are believed to play an important role in development and normal functioning of stria vascularis. Acoustic abnormalities in vitiligo patients remain obscured for long durations. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of subclinical sensorineural hearing loss in vitiligo patients, if any, in comparison with controls and to detect any relevant demographic or clinical finding characteristic of hypoacusis in vitiligo patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective case control study was undertaken in 50 vitiligo patients (case group), who were compared with another 50 age and sex matched healthy volunteers (control group). All cases underwent detailed dermatological and ENT examination and were subjected to tests like pure tone audiometry, transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A statistically significant (p value = 0.039), higher average pure tone hearing threshold (APT-HT) was noted in vitiligo patients in comparison with the control group. Vitiligo originating at the head and neck was strongly associated with hypoacusis (54.55%, 6 of 11 cases). TEOAE reproducibility % was reduced to 42.6% in the vitiligo group.</p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Vitiligo is associated with subclinical sensorineural hypoacusis. Vitiligo with its primary site in head and neck region and co-exixting leucotrichia shows a strong association with asymptomatic sensorineural hypoacusis in such patients. Pure tone audiometery and TEOAE can be effectively used to assess and follow up vitiligo patients for asymptomatic subclinical sensorineural hypoacusis.

Rorschach Characteristics in Adolescents with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Santoantonio ◽  
L. Yazigi ◽  
E. I. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Control Study

The purpose of this study was to investigate the personality characteristics in adolescents with SLE. The research design is a case-control study by means of the Rorschach Method and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Study group: 30 female adolescents with lupus, 12–17 years of age. The SLE Disease Activity Index was administered during the period of psychological evaluation. Control group: 32 nonpatient adolescents were matched for age, sex, and socioeconomic level. In the Wechsler Intelligence Scale the mean IQ of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (77 and 98, respectively, p < .001). In the Rorschach, the lupus patients showed greater difficulty in interpersonal interactions, although they displayed the resources to process affect and to cope with stressful situations. A positive moderate correlation (p = .069) between the activity index of the disease and the affect constriction proportion of the Rorschach was observed: the higher the SLEDAI score, the lower the capacity to process affect. There is a negative correlation between the activity index of the disease and the IQ (p = .001): with a higher activity index of the disease, less intellectual resources are available.

Assessment of Craniofacial Morphology in Mouth Breathing Children. A retrospective case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3649-3653
Author(s):  
David Angelescu ◽  
Teodora Angelescu ◽  
Meda Romana Simu ◽  
Alexandrina Muntean ◽  
Anca Stefania Mesaros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Oral Breathing ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Control Study

The aim of this retrospective case-control study is to determine a possible correlation between breathing mode and craniofacial morphology. The study was carried out in the Department of Pedodontics,Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The sample comprised 80 patients, age between 6 and 13 years, which were divided in two groups based on respiratory pattern: control group composed of 38 nasal breathing children and case group composed of 42 oral breathing children. Three quantitative craniofacial parameters were measured from the frontal and lateral photos: facial index, lower facial height ratio and upper lip ratio. The statistical analysis showed a significant higher facial index (p=0.006*) and an increase lower facial height (p=0.033*) for the oral breathers group. No differences in facial morphology were found between genders and age groups, when comparing the data between the same type of respiratory pattern children. Spearman�s rho Correlation show a significant positive correlation (p=0.002*) between facial index and lower facial height and a significant negative correlation between facial index and upper lip (p=0,005*). Long faces children are more likely to develop oral breathing in certain conditions, which subsequently have a negative effect on increasing the lower facial height by altering the postural behavior of mandible and tongue.

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