Evoked response audiometry in scrub typhus: prospective, randomised, case–control study

2011 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
J S Thakur ◽  
N K Mohindroo ◽  
D R Sharma ◽  
K Soni ◽  
S S Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Scrub Typhus ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Evoked Response ◽  
Evoked Response Audiometry ◽  
Control Study

AbstractObjective:To investigate the hypothesis of cochlear and retrocochlear damage in scrub typhus, using evoked response audiometry.Study design:Prospective, randomised, case–control study.Methods:The study included 25 patients with scrub typhus and 25 controls with other febrile illnesses not known to cause hearing loss. Controls were age- and sex-matched. All subjects underwent pure tone audiometry and evoked response audiometry before commencing treatment.Results:Six patients presented with hearing loss, although a total of 23 patients had evidence of symmetrical high frequency loss on pure tone audiometry. Evoked response audiometry found significant prolongation of absolute latencies of wave I, III, V, and wave I–III interpeak latency. Two cases with normal hearing had increased interpeak latencies. These findings constitute level 3b evidence.Conclusion:Findings were suggestive of retrocochlear pathology in two cases with normal hearing. In other patients, high frequency hearing loss may have led to altered evoked response results. Although scrub typhus appears to cause middle ear cochlear and retrocochlear damage, the presence of such damage could not be fully confirmed by evoked response audiometry.

Evaluation of Postinfection Hearing with Audiological Tests in Patients with COVID-19: A Case–Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (07) ◽  
pp. 464-468
Author(s):  
Mehtap Koparal ◽  
Cuneyt Yılmazer
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pure Tone Average ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Hearing Problems

Abstract Background Some viral infections can cause congenital or acquired unilateral or bilateral hearing loss. It is predicted that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus, which can affect many systems in the body, may also have a negative effect on hearing. Purpose This study evaluated the effects of COVID-19 infection on pure-tone average. Research Design A case–control study. Materials and Methods A total of 104 volunteers (48 control, 56 experimental group) who applied to the ENT clinic of Adıyaman University Training and Research Hospital were included in this study. After the detailed clinical examination and medical history, 13 volunteers of the experimental group and 5 volunteers from the control group were excluded from the study. In this way, each group consisted of 43 volunteers. While the experimental group consisted of patients who did not have any hearing problems before but had COVID-19. The control group consisted of healthy volunteers who did not have any hearing problems and were not infected with COVİD-19. Audiological test was applied to all volunteers to determine their pure-tone average. On the data obtained, it was analyzed whether COVID-19 affects the pure-tone average and how it changes according to variables such as age and gender. Results The evaluation of the 43 (50.0%) COVID-19-positive patients and 43 (50.0%) healthy controls showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) at 250 and 500 Hz, whereas at 4000, 6000, and 8000 Hz, the two groups differed significantly. In addition, significant differences were found in the left and right ears at 1000 and 2000 Hz (p < 0.05). The differences between the two groups in the pure-tone average of the left and right ear were statistically significant (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant sex-based differences in the pure-tone average between males and females (p > 0.05) Conclusion The pure-tone average of COVID-19 positive patients was significantly worse than those of the healthy control group. Thus, COVID-19 should also be considered in patients presenting with unexplained hearing loss. Further studies should investigate the effects of COVID-19 on hearing and the underlying pathophysiology.

scholarly journals Vitiligo associated hypoacusis: a case control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Abhishek Maheshwari ◽  
Rajlaxmi Panigrahi ◽  
Shruti Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Control Study

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Vitiligo is a progressive depigmenting cutaneous disorder, resulting from the loss of melanocytes. In the inner ear, melanocytes are believed to play an important role in development and normal functioning of stria vascularis. Acoustic abnormalities in vitiligo patients remain obscured for long durations. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of subclinical sensorineural hearing loss in vitiligo patients, if any, in comparison with controls and to detect any relevant demographic or clinical finding characteristic of hypoacusis in vitiligo patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective case control study was undertaken in 50 vitiligo patients (case group), who were compared with another 50 age and sex matched healthy volunteers (control group). All cases underwent detailed dermatological and ENT examination and were subjected to tests like pure tone audiometry, transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A statistically significant (p value = 0.039), higher average pure tone hearing threshold (APT-HT) was noted in vitiligo patients in comparison with the control group. Vitiligo originating at the head and neck was strongly associated with hypoacusis (54.55%, 6 of 11 cases). TEOAE reproducibility % was reduced to 42.6% in the vitiligo group.</p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Vitiligo is associated with subclinical sensorineural hypoacusis. Vitiligo with its primary site in head and neck region and co-exixting leucotrichia shows a strong association with asymptomatic sensorineural hypoacusis in such patients. Pure tone audiometery and TEOAE can be effectively used to assess and follow up vitiligo patients for asymptomatic subclinical sensorineural hypoacusis.

scholarly journals A city park as a potential epidemic site of scrub typhus: a case–control study of an outbreak in Guangzhou, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuehong Wei ◽  
Lei Luo ◽  
Qinlong Jing ◽  
Xiaoning Li ◽  
Yong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Scrub Typhus ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
City Park

scholarly journals Hearing Loss is Associated With Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Case-Control Study in Older People

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 517-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Chang Hung ◽  
Kuan-Fu Liao ◽  
Chih-Hsin Muo ◽  
Shih-Wei Lai ◽  
Chia-Wei Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Older People ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Ecological and behavioural risk factors of scrub typhus in central Vietnam: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanh Thi Duc Tran ◽  
Jan Hattendorf ◽  
Hung Manh Do ◽  
Thanh Tien Hoang ◽  
Hang Thi Hai Hoang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Scrub Typhus ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The risk factors for scrub typhus in Vietnam remain unknown. Scrub typhus caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi often presents as an undifferentiated febrile illness and remains under appreciated due to the limited availability of diagnostic tests. This tropical rickettsial illness is increasingly recognized as an important cause of non-malaria acute undifferentiated fever in Asia. This study aimed to investigate behavioural and ecological related risk factors of scrub typhus to prevent this potentially life-threatening disease in Vietnam. Methods We conducted a clinical hospital-based active surveillance study, and a retrospective residence-enrolment date-age-matched case–control study in Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam, from August 2018 to March 2020. Clinical examinations, polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay IgM tests were applied to define cases and controls. All enrolled participants filled out a questionnaire including demographic socio-economic status, personal behaviors/protective equipment, habitat connections, land use, and possible exposure to the vector. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to define the scrub typhus associated risk factors. Results We identified 44 confirmed cases and matched them with 152 controls. Among cases and controls, the largest age group was the 41–50 years old and males accounted for 61.4% and 42.8%, respectively. There were similarities in demographic characteristics between the two groups, with the exception of occupation. Several factors were significantly associated with acquisition of scrub typhus, including sitting/laying directly on household floor [adjusted OR (aOR) = 4.9, 95% CI: 1.6–15.1, P = 0.006], household with poor sanitation/conditions (aOR = 7.9, 95% CI: 1.9–32.9, P = 0.005), workplace environment with risk (aOR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.2–7.6, P = 0.020), always observing mice around home (aOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.4–9.9, P = 0.008), and use of personal protective equipment in the field (aOR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.1–1.1, P = 0.076). Conclusions Ecological and household hygiene-related factors were more associated with scrub typhus infection, than individual-level exposure activities in the hyper-endemic area. These findings support local education and allow people to protect themselves from scrub typhus, especially in areas with limitations in diagnostic capacity. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Hearing Loss and Associated Factors in Iranian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Control Study

Thrita ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Nouri ◽  
Raika Jamali ◽  
Kurosh Gharagozli ◽  
Mohammad Reza Sharif ◽  
Bardia Jamali
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Iranian Patients
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