Future Directions of Percutaneous Biliary Interventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (03) ◽  
pp. 373-376
Author(s):  
Ahsun Riaz ◽  
Riad Salem
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Biliary Disease ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Interventional Radiologist ◽  
Imaging Guidance ◽  
The Future ◽  
Biliary Interventions

AbstractWe are at an exciting cross-road in biliary interventions. While other services such as surgery and gastroenterology have learned to use imaging guidance to improve the safety and efficacy of their procedures, it is time for interventional radiologist to learn endoscopic interventions to achieve the same. The future of interventional radiologists in managing patients with biliary disease depends on (1) increasing comfort of our procedures, (2) publishing our data on biliary interventions, and (3) increasing collaboration with other services to manage biliary disease. We need to appropriately understand the limitations of interventional radiology to help guide the future directions of our specialty in this very interesting space.

scholarly journals The prototypes of nanozyme-based nanorobots

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 223-244
Author(s):  
Jiaying Xie ◽  
Yiliang Jin ◽  
Kelong Fan ◽  
Xiyun Yan
Keyword(s):  
Functional Nanomaterials ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Complex Tasks ◽  
Logic Control ◽  
The Future ◽  
Flexible Designs

AbstractArtificial nanorobot is a type of robots designed for executing complex tasks at nanoscale. The nanorobot system is typically consisted of four systems, including logic control, driving, sensing and functioning. Considering the subtle structure and complex functionality of nanorobot, the manufacture of nanorobots requires designable, controllable and multi-functional nanomaterials. Here, we propose that nanozyme is a promising candidate for fabricating nanorobots due to its unique properties, including flexible designs, controllable enzyme-like activities, and nano-sized physicochemical characters. Nanozymes may participate in one system or even combine several systems of nanorobots. In this review, we summarize the advances on nanozyme-based systems for fabricating nanorobots, and prospect the future directions of nanozyme for constructing nanorobots. We hope that the unique properties of nanozymes will provide novel ideas for designing and fabricating nanorobotics.

scholarly journals Population screening for glaucoma in UK: current recommendations and future directions

Eye ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Hamid ◽  
Parul Desai ◽  
Pirro Hysi ◽  
Jennifer M. Burr ◽  
Anthony P. Khawaja
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Screening ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Uk

AbstractEffective population screening for glaucoma would enable earlier diagnosis and prevention of irreversible vision loss. The UK National Screening Committee (NSC) recently published a review that examined the viability, effectiveness and appropriateness of a population-based screening programme for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). In our article, we summarise the results of the review and discuss some future directions that may enable effective population screening for glaucoma in the future. Two key questions were addressed by the UK NSC review; is there a valid, accurate screening test for POAG, and does evidence exist that screening reduces morbidity from POAG compared with standard care. Six new studies were identified since the previous 2015 review. The review concluded that screening for glaucoma in adults is not recommended because there is no clear evidence for a sufficiently accurate screening test or for better outcomes with screening compared to current care. The next UK NSC review is due to be conducted in 2023. One challenge for POAG screening is that the relatively low disease prevalence results in too many false-positive referrals, even with an accurate test. In the future, targeted screening of a population subset with a higher prevalence of glaucoma may be effective. Recent developments in POAG polygenic risk prediction and deep learning image analysis offer potential avenues to identifying glaucoma-enriched sub-populations. Until such time, opportunistic case finding through General Ophthalmic Services remains the primary route for identification of glaucoma in the UK and greater public awareness of the service would be of benefit.

397 Intra-tumor immunotherapy injections utilizing image guidance in interventional radiology: clinical trial experience at a tertiary care cancer center

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A422-A422
Author(s):  
Ravi Murthy ◽  
Rahul Sheth ◽  
Alda Tam ◽  
Sanjay Gupta ◽  
Vivek Subbiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Image Guidance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Imaging Guidance ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Real Time Image ◽  
Time Image

BackgroundImage guided intra-tumor administration of investigational immunotherapeutic agents represents an expanding field of interest. We present a retrospective review of the safety, feasibility & technical nuances of real-time image guidance for injection & biopsy across a spectrum of extracranial solid malignancies utilizing the discipline of Interventional Radiology.MethodsPatients who were enrolled in image guided intratumoral immunotherapy injection (ITITI) clinical trials over a 6 year period (2013–19) at a single tertiary care cancer center were included in this analysis. Malignancy, location, imaging guidance utilized for ITITI & biopsy for injected (adscopal) & non-injected (abscopal) lesions were determined and categorized. Peri-procedural adverse events were noted.Results262 pts (146 female, 61 yrs median) participating in 29 immunotherapeutic clinical trials (TLR & STING agonists, gene therapy, anti CD-40, viral/bacterial/metabolic oncolytics) met study criteria. Malignancies included melanoma 88, sarcoma 32, colorectal 29, breast 23, lung 17, head & neck 15, ovarian 8, neuroendocrine 7, pancreatic adenocarcinoma 6, 3 each (cholangioCA, endometrial, bladder, GI tract), 2 each (RCC, thymicCA, lymphoma, merkel cell, prostate) & others 1 each (CUP, GIST, dermatofibrosarcoma, DSRT, neuroblastoma, thyroid). All 169 & 93 patients received the intended 1371 ITITI in parietal (abdominal/chest wall, extremity, neck, pelvis) or visceral (liver, lung, peritoneum, adrenal) locations respectively; 83 patients received lymph node injections within either location. Imaging guidance was US in 68% of the cohort (US 161, CT+US 19); CT was used in 30% (81) & MRI in 1 patient. Median diameter of the ITITI lesion was 32 mm (8–230 mm). Median volume of the ITITI therapeutic material/session was 2 ml (1–6.9 ml). Lesions were accessed using a coaxial technique. ITITI delivery needles used at operator preference & tailored to lesion characteristics were either a 21G/22G Chiba, 21G Profusion (Cook Medical), 22G Morrison (AprioMed), 25G hypodermic (BD) & 18G Quadrafuse (Rex Medical). 2840 core biopsies (>18G Tru-cut core, Mission, Bard Medical) were performed in 237 patients during 690 procedures; biopsy sessions were often concurrent & of the ITITI site. 137 patients also underwent biopsy of a non-ITITI site (89 parietal location). Dimensions of the non-ITITI lesion were median 10 mm (7–113 mm); US image guidance was used in 97 patients (72%) to obtain a total of 1257, >18G Tru-core samples. 1.3% of injections resulted in SAE (NCI CTC AE >3) and 0.5% of 4097 biopsies developed major complications (SIR Criteria); both categories were manageable.ConclusionsUtilizing real time image guidance, ITITI to the administration of a myriad of investigational immunotherapeutic agents with concomitant biopsy procedures to date are associated with a high technical success rate & favorable safety profile.AcknowledgementsJoshua Hein, Mara Castaneda, Jyotsna Pera, Yunfang Jiang,Shuang Liu, Holly Liu and Anna LuiTrial RegistrationN/AEthics ApprovalThe study was approved by Institution’s Ethics Board, approval number 2020-0536: A retrospective study to determine the safety, feasibility and technical challenges of real-time image guidance for intra-tumor injection and biopsy across multiple solid tumors.Consent2020-0536 Waiver of Informed ConsentReferenceSheth RA, Murthy R, Hong DS, et al. Assessment of image-guided intratumoral delivery of immunotherapeutics in patients with cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2020;3(7):e207911. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.7911

scholarly journals The Social Robot in Rehabilitation and Assistance: What is the Future?

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Daniele Giansanti
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Social Robots ◽  
Social Robot ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Collaborative Robotics ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future

This commentary aims to address the field of social robots both in terms of the global situation and research perspectives. It has four polarities. First, it revisits the evolutions in robotics, which, starting from collaborative robotics, has led to the diffusion of social robots. Second, it illustrates the main fields in the employment of social robots in rehabilitation and assistance in the elderly and handicapped and in further emerging sectors. Third, it takes a look at the future directions of the research development both in terms of clinical and technological aspects. Fourth, it discusses the opportunities and limits, starting from the development and clinical use of social robots during the COVID-19 pandemic to the increase of ethical discussion on their use.

scholarly journals “Nanomaterials of curcumin-hyaluronic acid”: their various methods of formulations, clinical and therapeutic applications, present gap, and future directions

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanzeel Rehman Charan ◽  
Muhammad Aqeel Bhutto ◽  
Mihr Ali Bhutto ◽  
Azhar Ali Tunio ◽  
Ghulam Murtaza Khuhro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Therapeutic Applications ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Neural Disorders

Abstract Background Nanomaterials of curcumin with hyaluronic acid have gained a lot of attention for potential therapeutic applications of curcumin and hyaluronic acid with or without other additional drugs. Overall studies of curcumin and hyaluronic acid show that nanomaterials of curcumin with hyaluronic acid accelerate the efficacy of curcumin in the treatment of various disorders like arthritis, cancer, hepatic fibrosis, neural disorders, wound healing, and skin regeneration, it is largely due to the combined effect of hyaluronic acid and curcumin. However, due to limited clinical trials and experiments on humans and animals, there is a substantial gap in research for the safety and efficacy of nanomaterials of curcumin-hyaluronic acid in the treatment of curcumin and hyaluronic acid targeted diseases and disorders. Main body of the abstract In this current review, we have first described various reported synthetic nanomaterials of curcumin-hyaluronic acid, then in the next section, we have described various fields, disorders, and diseases where these are being applied and in the final section of this review, we discussed the research gap, and future research directions needed to propose the fabricated nanocurcumin-hyaluronic acid biomaterials. Short conclusion There are substantial gaps in research for the safety and efficacy of nanomaterials of curcumin with hyaluronic acid due to limited available data of clinical trials and experiments of nanocurcumin-hyaluronic acid biomaterials on humans and animals. So, it entirely requires serious and committed efforts through the well-organized system of practical and clinical trials which provide results, data, and detections that lead to the formulation of the best drug from curcumin with hyaluronic acid for the treatment of curcumin and hyaluronic acid targeted diseases and disorders.

Suppression of dendritic lithium growth in lithium metal-based batteries

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (50) ◽  
pp. 6648-6661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linlin Li ◽  
Siyuan Li ◽  
Yingying Lu
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Lithium Metal Batteries ◽  
The Future

We describe the challenges of high-energy lithium-metal batteries and outline the future directions that are expected to drive their progress.

Future Directions in Simulation and Training

1978 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Swezey
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Simulation And Training ◽  
The Future ◽  
And Training

A discussion of potential future directions in the areas of simulation and training is presented. Advantages, disadvantages and problems associated with training-oriented simulations are discussed, and several areas including: holography, social processes, mnemonics, trance learning, and electrical and biochemical brain stimulation are presented as fertile areas for increased development in the future.

scholarly journals Design Principles: Literature Review, Analysis, and Future Directions

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine K. Fu ◽  
Maria C. Yang ◽  
Kristin L. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Design Science ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Grand Challenge ◽  
Formal Approach ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Future Design ◽  
The Future ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Archival Practices

Design principles are created to codify and formalize design knowledge so that innovative, archival practices may be communicated and used to advance design science and solve future design problems, especially the pinnacle, wicked, and grand-challenge problems that face the world and cross-cutting markets. Principles are part of a family of knowledge explication, which also include guidelines, heuristics, rules of thumb, and strategic constructs. Definitions of a range of explications are explored from a number of seminal papers. Based on this analysis, the authors pose formalized definitions for the three most prevalent terms in the literature—principles, guidelines, and heuristics—and draw more definitive distinctions between the terms. Current research methods and practices with design principles are categorized and characterized. We further explore research methodologies, validation approaches, semantic principle composition through computational analysis, and a proposed formal approach to articulating principles. In analyzing the methodology for discovering, deriving, formulating, and validating design principles, the goal is to understand and advance the theoretical basis of design, the foundations of new tools and techniques, and the complex systems of the future. Suggestions for the future of design principles research methodology for added rigor and repeatability are proposed.

ICT Standards in South Eastern Europe (SEE) Education: Macedonian Case

2013 ◽  
pp. 41-58
Author(s):  
Liljana Gavrilovska ◽  
Vladimir Atanasovski
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
The South ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Strategic Value ◽  
The Future ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
South Eastern Europe

The Standards Education (SE) in the field of ICT gains increasing momentum worldwide. The strategic value of the ICT standards and their influence on the economy proves essential towards countries’ development and their economic growth. This paper overviews the relevant current SE initiatives with a special emphasis on the South Eastern Europe (SEE) case and Macedonia. It discusses the level of ICT penetration, the recognition of the SE importance and the involvement of the relevant stakeholders in the SE curricula design on various education levels in Macedonia. Finally, the paper pinpoints the future directions towards transparent and harmonized SE.

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